Some Factors Affecting the Formation of Colonies in Gonium Pectorale

Author Institution: Department of Zoology and Enotmology, The Ohio State University, Columbus 1

Psychiatric Symptomatology in Migraine Sufferers and the Relationship with Headache-Related Self-Efficacy

Introduction: Self-efficacy (SE) refers to one\u27s belief in their ability to successfully complete a task. Increases in SE are associated with improved pain outcomes as well as improvements in anxiety and depression (Turner, 2005). Headache-related self-efficacy (HSE) refers to a person\u27s belief in his/her ability to manage migraine attacks. Previous studies illustrate that HSE and psychiatric comorbidities are independently related to migraine disability, severity, and treatment outcomes. The purpose of the present study was to assess the relationship between HSE and psychiatric comorbidities among individuals with migraine. Methods: 852 young adult migraineurs (M age = 19.22; 79.9% female; 77.0% Caucasian) completed measures about headache and related variables, including the Headache Management Self-Efficacy Scale (HMSE; French, 2000), the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS-21; Lovibond, 1995), and the Post-traumatic Stress Disorder Checklist (PCL; Wilkins, 2011). Of the 852 migraine participants, 56.8% met criteria for migraine without aura, 25% met for migraine with aura, and 18.2% met for chronic migraine. Linear regressions were run to identify associations between psychiatric symptoms (depression, anxiety, and PTSD) and HSE. Results: Men reported higher HSE than women (M = 108.67 [18.91] vs. 104.66 [21.28], p = .025). Comorbid psychiatric symptoms explained a significant proportion of variance in HSE scores (R2 = .047, p \u3c .001). When controlling for sex, headache frequency, and disability, the percentage of unique variance accounted for by psychiatric comorbidities was 1.5% (p = .005) of the total. Conclusion: Consistent with our hypothesis, a significant relationship exists between comorbid psychiatric symptoms and HSE scores, but psychiatric symptoms only accounted for a small amount of variance in HSE. This small effect size likely indicates that numerous variables influence self-efficacy, and that psychiatric symptoms represent a relatively weak influence; perhaps also stronger relations would be evident in a clinical sample. Future research into variables that affect headache-related self-efficacy would be valuable for piecing together a better understanding of this powerful predictor of headache prognosis

Adopting the Brisoux-Larouche model of brand categorization to correlate brand social responsibility in national and in-house coffee shops

In-house food service brands operating on college campuses struggle to build brand image with limited consumer awareness. Corporate social responsibility (CSR) activities may enhance brand image for customers, employees, and stakeholders. In some cases, CSR associations have significant influence on consumers\u27 response to new products. The purpose of this study was to determine if a non-branded socially responsible retail food offering would be accepted (evoked) by a campus consumer. To date there has been little research on this topic. College-age customer purchasing trends can provide important insight into future consumer trends. The quantitative methodology started with a coffee-cupping survey and an Internet-based survey on socially responsible coffee. With the knowledge gained from the cupping survey and Internet survey a structured equation modeling (SEM) confirmatory model was developed. This model and the five hypotheses were tested by the campus coffee survey, a personal intercept survey instrument (N = 344). In addition to the SEM, other quantitative methods were utilized including multiple regressions and ANOVA. By using accepted brand categorization methods, this study confirms that an in-house coffee brand offering a high-quality product and deploying a brand social responsible strategy can be coveted by the college campus customers with little or no previous experience of the brand. Additionally the research illuminated how these customers\u27 needs for social responsibility products will reshape the foodservice and restaurant industry in the near future

Late stage C―H activation of a privileged scaffold; synthesis of a library of benzodiazepines

A library of over twenty 5-(2-arylphenyl)-1,3-dihydro-2H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-ones has been formed by a microwave-mediated late-stage palladium-catalysed arylation of 1,4-benzodiazepines using diaryliodonium salts. This can also be applied to nordazepam (7-chloro-5-phenyl-1,3-dihydro-2H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one), the active metabolite of diazepam, and subsequent N-alkylation and/or H/D exchange allows further diversification towards elaborated pharmaceuticals and their 3,3'-deuterated analogues

Morphological evolution of pulsed laser deposited ZrO2 thin films

Morphological evolution of ZrO2 thin films deposited during pulsed laser deposition of Zr in O2 atmosphere has been experimentally studied at two different film deposition temperatures, 300 and 873 K. The roughness exponent, , the growth exponent, , the coarsening exponent, 1/z, and the exponent defining the evolution of the characteristic wavelength of the surface, p, for depositions at 300 K amounted to = 1.00.1, = 0.40.1, 1/z= 0.340.03, and p= 0.490.03, whereas for depositions carried out at 873 K amounted to = 0.30.3, = 0.40.2, and 1/z= 0.00.2. Experimental error becomes important due to the flat morphology of the films inherent to the deposition technique. The change in the surface topography with the film temperature has been studied with the help of a simple Monte Carlo model which indicates the existence of two different growth regimes: a shadowing dominated growth, occurring at low temperatures, characterized by calculated values = 1.000.04, = 0.500.04, p= 0.460.01, and 1/z= 0.350.02 and a diffusion dominated growth that takes place at high temperatures as well as at low deposition rates, characterized by calculated values = 0.150.08, = 0.330.04, and 1/z= 0.330.07. The good agreement obtained between the experimental and simulated parameters is discussed within the frame of the general characteristics of the deposition method.Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México-PAPIIT-IN107808Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología de México-CONACyT-50203-FMinisterio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades de España-MAT 2007-65764, PIE 200960I132 y CONSOLIDER INGENIO 2010-CSD2008-00023Junta de Andalucía-TEP2275 y P07-FQM-0329

Combining C-H functionalisation and flow photochemical heterocyclic metamorphosis (FP-HM) for the synthesis of benzo[1,3]oxazepines

C-H Activation/functionalisation and Flow Photochemical Heterocyclic Metamorphosis (FP-HM) have been combined to synthesize a library of benzo[1,3]oxazepines, a rarely described heterocyclic family. This combined protocol allows a range of arylated products to be made from simple starting materials, and the cheap flow photochemical system has proven effective for rapid synthesis of gram-quantities of benzo[1,3]oxazepines

Synthesis of spirocyclic enones by rhodium-catalyzed dearomatizing oxidative annulation of 2-alkenylphenols with alkynes and enynes

The dearomatizing oxidative annulation of 2-alkenylphenols with alkynes and enynes proceeds with high yields and regioselectivities under Rh(III) catalysis. These reactions are successful using Cu(OAc)2 or air as the stoichiometric oxidant, and provide spirocyclic enones, the basic ring system of which appears in several natural products. Application of this process to the preparation of a highly functionalized tetracycle is also demonstrated