An in vivo control map for the eukaryotic mRNA translation machinery

Rate control analysis defines the in vivo control map governing yeast protein synthesis and generates an extensively parameterized digital model of the translation pathway. Among other non-intuitive outcomes, translation demonstrates a high degree of functional modularity and comprises a non-stoichiometric combination of proteins manifesting functional convergence on a shared maximal translation rate. In exponentially growing cells, polypeptide elongation (eEF1A, eEF2, and eEF3) exerts the strongest control. The two other strong control points are recruitment of mRNA and tRNAi to the 40S ribosomal subunit (eIF4F and eIF2) and termination (eRF1; Dbp5). In contrast, factors that are found to promote mRNA scanning efficiency on a longer than-average 5′untranslated region (eIF1, eIF1A, Ded1, eIF2B, eIF3, and eIF5) exceed the levels required for maximal control. This is expected to allow the cell to minimize scanning transition times, particularly for longer 5′UTRs. The analysis reveals these and other collective adaptations of control shared across the factors, as well as features that reflect functional modularity and system robustness. Remarkably, gene duplication is implicated in the fine control of cellular protein synthesis

Detection of 6 November 1997 ground level event by Milagrito

Solar Energetic Particles (SEPs) with energies exceeding 10 GeV associated with the 6 November 1997 solar flare/CME (coronal mass ejection) have been detected with Milagrito, a prototype of the Milagro Gamma Ray Observatory. While SEP acceleration beyond 1 GeV is well established, few data exist for protons or ions beyond 10 GeV. The Milagro observatory, a ground based water Cherenkov detector designed for observing very high energy gamma ray sources, can also be used to study the Sun. Milagrito, which operated for approximately one year in 1997/98, was sensitive to solar proton and neutron fluxes above ∼4 GeV. In its scaler mode, Milagrito registered a rate increase coincident with the 6 November 1997 ground level event observed by Climax and other neutron monitors. A preliminary analysis suggests the presence of \u3e10 GeV particles

Development of ground and space based instrumentation for middle and upper atmospheric studies

The first objective of this research effort is to investigate the use of a high power-aperture Rayleigh lidar to measure neutral density and temperature in the upper atmosphere, into the lower thermosphere (>90 km). The scientific interest with this system is to obtain measurements of atmospheric tides, planetary and gravity wave amplitudes and phase in the lower thermosphere. Measurement of waves into the lower thermosphere is accomplished using Rayleigh lidar methods with high power-aperture (PA) products using new technology lasers and large collecting apertures, resulting in PA of 65-540 Wm2. This dissertation describes the simulation of high PA Rayleigh lidar systems and estimates their capability to measure gravity waves and tides in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere. Both traditional backscatter and bistatic (imaging) methods are simulated. Simulations show that substantive measurements can be achieved for characterizing gravity waves at altitudes >90 km and atmospheric tides at altitudes >100 km for this lidar system. Measurements of density and temperature to 10% precision are possible up to 115-130 km. A research and development effort funded by the NSF was pursued at the University of Illinois to develop a high-power Rayleigh lidar and explore the capabilities and challenges of implementing a high power-aperture (PA) Rayleigh lidar capable of measuring the neutral atmosphere at altitudes >110 km. Simulations comparing the capabilities of monostatic and bistatic lidar configurations for a high-PA lidar system were first performed, followed by a development effort to test a high-PA Rayleigh lidar. This dissertation details the first-light results of this lidar experiment, which achieves neutral atmosphere measurements up to 93 km altitude, the highest measurement to date for a bistatic Rayleigh lidar, based on a review of the literature. Methodologies for significantly improving these results in future studies are also discussed. This research effort demonstrates the capability of a bistatic Rayleigh lidar configuration for middle and upper atmospheric studies, which enables the use of new high-power, high pulse repetition frequency and continuous wave lasers that are unsuited for monostatic lidar systems. The potential of high power-aperture Rayleigh lidar in exploring the middle and upper atmosphere is shown in Gardner (2012), which simulates the performance of such a system using a 325W laser and an 8-meter telescope for a power-aperture product of 16,336 Wm2. The second objective of this research effort is to design an instrument to measure atmospheric gravity waves in the mesosphere as part of the Lower Atmosphere/Ionosphere Coupling Experiment (LAICE) CubeSat mission. Measurements of atmospheric gravity waves are obtained by remote sensing of mesospheric airglows during the nighttime portion of the orbit. This instrument is designed to collect measurements to determine intrinsic wave parameters of observed atmospheric gravity waves. These derived wave parameters must be of sufficient quality for coupling studies that are the scientific goal of the LAICE mission. The instrument must also meet its performance requirements in the restrictive mass, volume, power, and communication limits of a CubeSat, which in this case is a 6U CubeSat to accommodate flying two scientific payloads. An in-situ measurement instrument payload was developed at the Virginia Polytechnic Institute, while the remote sensing photometer instrument payload and the CubeSat bus were developed at the University of Illinois. This dissertation details the design of the photometer instrument for the LAICE mission and the expected performance with respect to derivation of mesospheric gravity wave parameters from airglow measurements. The LAICE mission is a groundbreaking CubeSat mission in low Earth orbit focused on understanding how atmospheric gravity waves generated by weather systems in the lower atmosphere propagate and deliver energy and momentum into the mesosphere, lower thermosphere, and ionosphere. These waves are an important facet of atmospheric physics, but their effects in the thermosphere and ionosphere are under-explored. They strongly influence the dynamics of the media through which they travel via momentum and energy deposition at altitudes well above their source regions, and they can seed the development of plasma instabilities that scintillate and disrupt radio propagation. LAICE will focus on these waves and attempt to connect their causes and effects in three widely different altitude ranges, substantially adding to our knowledge of a critical coupling process between disparate atmospheric regions.Submission original under an indefinite embargo labeled 'Open Access'. The submission was exported from vireo on 2025-02-04 without embargo termsThe student, John Westerhoff, accepted the attached license on 2024-05-07 at 14:26.The student, John Westerhoff, submitted this Dissertation for approval on 2024-05-07 at 14:37.This Dissertation was approved for publication on 2024-05-14 at 16:26.DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #20782 on 2025-02-04 at 21:03:1

The evolutionary dynamics of biochemical networks in fluctuating environments

Typically, systems biology focuses on the form and function of networks of biochemical interactions. Questions inevitably arise as to the evolutionary origin of those networks' properties. Such questions are of interest to a growing number of systems biologists, and several groups have published studies shown how varying environments can affect network topology and lead to increased evolvability. For decades, evolutionary biologists have also investigated the evolution of evolvability and its relationship to the interactions between genotype and phenotype. While the perspectives of systems and evolutionary biologists sometimes differ, their interests in patterns of interactions and evolvability have much in common. This thesis attempts to bring together the perspectives of systems and evolutionary theory to investigate the evolutionary effects of fluctuating environments. Chapter 1 introduces the necessary themes, terminology and literature from these fields. Chapter 2 explores how rapid environmental fluctuations, or "noise", affects network size and robustness. In Chapter 3, we use the Avida platform to investigate the relationship between genetic architecture, fluctuating environments and population biology. Chapter 4 examines contingency loci as a physical basis for evolvability, while chapter 5 presents a 500-generation laboratory evolution experiment which exposes E. coli to varying environments. The final discussion, concludes that the evolution of generalism can lead to genetic architectures which confer evolvability, which may arise in rapidly fluctuating environments as a by-product of generalism rather than as a selected trait.EThOS - Electronic Theses Online ServiceGBUnited Kingdo

A note on comonotonicity and positivity of the control components of decoupled quadratic FBSDE

In this small note we are concerned with the solution of Forward-Backward Stochastic Differential Equations (FBSDE) with drivers that grow quadratically in the control component (quadratic growth FBSDE or qgFBSDE). The main theorem is a comparison result that allows comparing componentwise the signs of the control processes of two different qgFBSDE. As a byproduct one obtains conditions that allow establishing the positivity of the control process.Comment: accepted for publicatio

Procedural Generation for Divination and Inspiration

This paper presents a series of experiments that map the expressive space of specific procedural generation techniques with playful aleatory interventions. They are tools for inspiration based on divinatory practices. This paper connects these ancient procedural techniques to contemporary technologies like Twitter bots. We challenge the limits of these technologies in order to playfully explore the role they can play in everyday life. The first experiment, Nostrandomus, remixes ancient prophecies. The second one, Five Sparrows on a Vampire, generates proposals for dining experiences featuring recipes and accompanying eating instructions. The third tool, Haikookies, is a self-help inspired twitter bot that shares fortune cookie-style wisdom in haiku form. The final experiment, Tiphareth, is a set of partially procedurally generated tarot cards. Additionally, Ephemerald, a tool for streamlined Tracery-based [6] procedural content generation is introduced. The takeaway of this paper is that data curation is a fundamental component of working with generative systems. In other words, the human aspect needs to be present in order to create meaningful results

The Ursinus Weekly, March 15, 1954

John Canady addresses art seminar group • Ursinus to participate in cultural olympics at U. of P. • Cheating case reviewed by MSGA on Tuesday • Teacher problems outlined for FTA by Mrs. Swavely • Griffin, Mathewson star in group play • Lit readings postponed • Civil liberties today is discussed by Backrack • Women\u27s Club to fete senior girls at coffee • University of Pennsylvania Band to give concert, Thursday • Editorials: Goodbye, my fancy • Exhibit in Library • Broadway tunes highlight WAA musical production • Dave Seay, Marshall Nixon tell of service hitches • Reporter clipped by barber of Brodbeck • Doctor tells symptoms of dread Spring fever disease • Gene Harris, Carl Smith new cage co-captains • Mermaids lose to Swarthmore • Basketball season ends; Shoes leads statistics • Undefeated Belles top E. Stroudsburg • Intramural night occurs tomorrow • Badminton team downs Rosemont • Curtis I tops Curtis II for intramural honors • Ralph Schumacher named to first all MAC team • Bowman, Cross to inherit Weekly sports editing • God of creation viewed at vespers program, Sundayhttps://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/weekly/1492/thumbnail.jp

The Ursinus Weekly, February 15, 1954

Student exchange consultant will speak here, Wed. • Psychologist tells of work with children • Sororities to try different rushing policy • Groups II, III prepare for one-act plays in March • Fine arts seminar sponsored by Y to begin tonight • Godley relates tale of sunken treasure • Debating team to make first appearance, Feb. 17 • Mrs. Seth Bakes speaks at Color Day ceremonies • MSGA-WSGA to confer on Student Union • Spring play chosen; Try-outs start, Thurs. • Y cabinet retreat yields plans for second semester • Curator of Audubon shrine addresses YM-YWCA group • Editorials: Leave it to the girls! • I know a man • Grizzlies lose to Delaware, 85-71; Drexel 74-70; Haverford, a question • J.V.s beat Drexel; Heller scores 15 • Delaware rallies to tie U.C. grapplers, 14 allhttps://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/weekly/1488/thumbnail.jp

The Ursinus Weekly, November 9, 1953

Palmer to speak on U.S. and India Wednesday night • Campus Chest opens contest • MSGA hears cheating case; WSGA meeting held Monday • A tradition dies, buried in snow • Newbury discusses Argentina in Ursinus class Wednesday • Barbershop quartet program postponed until November 13 • Group play deemed success by reviewer • Alumnus talks on anesthesia to pre-med society • Shades of indigo to be prom theme • Head of E. and R. Church is Founders Day speaker • IRC to hear guest speaker • Pledgees sign fraternity bids • Helena\u27s husband is group II presentation • 1955 Ruby editors are Dedekind, Belz • Chem society hears talk on Laminar chart • Pre-legal society to sponsor debate on red China in UN • 100 contribute to fill Ursinus bloodmobile quota • Editorials: Open letter to the Weekly staff • This week: Friday the 13th • Letters to the editor • Unexpected snow causes unusual weekend antics • I-F Council adopts new rule on rushing • Soccer team loses to Haverford, 3-2https://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/weekly/1482/thumbnail.jp

The Ursinus Weekly, February 22, 1954

Eighty-eight are on Dean\u27s list first semester • W. Hansen, second seminar speaker • Ruby 2/3 completed; Class of \u2754 show, Mar. 5 • Price, court elected royalty for May Day • French Club sponsors movie; Will give play • Naval aviation cadet man to visit UC, tell of program • Ursinus quartet sings for Rotary\u27s ladies night • Student exchange program, subject of forum, Wed. • Greek columns • Quinn discusses criteria for judging paintings • Mizz Test is play director • Pre-meds visit Phila. College of Osteopathy • AAUW will introduce its aims to senior women • Editorials: Expostulation and reply • Supply store: To be or not to be • Letters to the editor • Ursinus men make gay debut in social season highlight • Save the Supply: Patronize it! • Little known facts revealed on Washington\u27s birthday • Belles trounce Beaver in second win, 51-35 • Badminton team goes down to Penn; Defeats Drexel • J.V. Belles win over Beaver, 48-21 • Cub swimmers splash past Beavers, 29 to 23 • Mermaids lose to Beaver in thrilling meet, 31-26 • Matmen trounce Fords; Win four bouts, 18-13 • Textile drops Cagemen, 61-50 • Three falls fail to halt Bucknell • Badminton team in 3-2 victory • Swarthmore tops Cagers; Big man hurts Bearshttps://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/weekly/1489/thumbnail.jp