Building a Sentiment Corpus of Tweets in Brazilian Portuguese

The large amount of data available in social media, forums and websites motivates researches in several areas of Natural Language Processing, such as sentiment analysis. The popularity of the area due to its subjective and semantic characteristics motivates research on novel methods and approaches for classification. Hence, there is a high demand for datasets on different domains and different languages. This paper introduces TweetSentBR, a sentiment corpora for Brazilian Portuguese manually annotated with 15.000 sentences on TV show domain. The sentences were labeled in three classes (positive, neutral and negative) by seven annotators, following literature guidelines for ensuring reliability on the annotation. We also ran baseline experiments on polarity classification using three machine learning methods, reaching 80.99% on F-Measure and 82.06% on accuracy in binary classification, and 59.85% F-Measure and 64.62% on accuracy on three point classification.Comment: Accepted for publication in 11th International Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC 2018

Screening Out Neurodiversity

Adults with autism suffer from an alarmingly high and increasing unemployment rate. Many companies use pre-employment personality screening tests. These filters likely have disparate impact upon the neurodiverse population, exacerbating this societal problem. This situation puts us in a bind. On the one hand, the tests disproportionately harm a vulnerable group in society. On the other, employers have a right to use personality traits in their decisions and think that personality test scores are predictors of job performance. It is difficult to say whether this negative disparate impact is a case of wrongful discrimination. Nevertheless, focusing on the tests, we’ll show that pre-employment personality tests prey in an unjust way on several features associated with autism. We end by suggesting the contours of some regulation that we deem necessary

Screening Out Neurodiversity

Adults with autism suffer from an alarmingly high and increasing unemployment rate. Many companies use pre-employment personality screening tests. These filters likely have disparate impact upon the neurodiverse population, exacerbating this societal problem. This situation puts us in a bind. On the one hand, the tests disproportionately harm a vulnerable group in society. On the other, employers have a right to use personality traits in their decisions and think that personality test scores are predictors of job performance. It is difficult to say whether this negative disparate impact is a case of wrongful discrimination. Nevertheless, focusing on the tests, we’ll show that pre-employment personality tests prey in an unjust way on several features associated with autism. We end by suggesting the contours of some regulation that we deem necessary

Advancement of the German version of the moral distress scale for acute care nurses : a mixed methods study

Aim: Moral distress experienced by nurses in acute care hospitals can adversely impact the affected nurses, their patients and their hospitals; therefore, it is advisable for organizations to establish internal monitoring of moral distress. However, until now, no suitable questionnaire has been available for use in German‐speaking contexts. Hence, the aim of this study was to develop and psychometrically test a German‐language version of the Moral Distress Scale. Design: We chose a sequential explanatory mixed methods design, followed by a second quantitative cross‐sectional survey. Methods: An American moral distress scale was chosen, translated, culturally adapted, tested in a pilot study and subsequently used in 2011 to conduct an initial web‐based quantitative cross‐sectional survey of nurses in all inpatient units at five hospitals in Switzerland's German‐speaking region. Data were analysed descriptively and via a Rasch analysis. In 2012, four focus group interviews were conducted with 26 nurses and then evaluated using knowledge maps. The results were used to improve the questionnaire. In 2015, using the revised German‐language instrument, a second survey and Rasch analysis were conducted. Results: The descriptive results of the first survey's participants (n = 2153; response rate: 44%) indicated that moral distress is a salient phenomenon in Switzerland. The data from the focus group interviews and the Rasch analysis produced information valuable for the questionnaire's further development. Alongside the data from the second survey's participants (n = 1965; response rate: 40%), the Rasch analysis confirmed the elimination of previous deficiencies on its psychometrics. A Rasch‐scaled German version of the Moral Distress Scale is now available for use

(How) do medical students regulate their emotions?

BACKGROUND: Medical training can be a challenging and emotionally intense period for medical students. However the emotions experienced by medical students in the face of challenging situations and the emotion regulation strategies they use remains relatively unexplored. The aim of the present study was to explore the emotions elicited by memorable incidents reported by medical students and the associated emotion regulation strategies. METHODS: Peer interviewing was used to collect medical students’ memorable incidents. Medical students at both preclinical and clinical stage of medical school were eligible to participate. In total 104 medical students provided memorable incidents. Only 54 narratives included references to emotions and emotion regulation and thus were further analyzed. RESULTS: The narratives of 47 clinical and 7 preclinical students were further analyzed for their references to emotions and emotion regulation strategies. Forty seven out of 54 incidents described a negative incident associated with negative emotions. The most frequently mentioned emotion was shock and surprise followed by feelings of embarrassment, sadness, anger and tension or anxiety. The most frequent reaction was inaction often associated with emotion regulation strategies such as distraction, focusing on a task, suppression of emotions and reappraisal. When students witnessed mistreatment or disrespect exhibited towards patients, the regulation strategy used involved focusing and comforting the patient. CONCLUSIONS: The present study sheds light on the strategies medical students use to deal with intense negative emotions. The vast majority reported inaction in the face of a challenging situation and the use of more subtle strategies to deal with the emotional impact of the incident. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12909-016-0832-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users

Let Me Have Your Attention! Taking Pain Utterances Seriously

In this project, I have two aims. First, I take seriously the imperativist idea that pain commands its audience and the potential normative implications this idea can have for the clinic. More specifically, I appeal to the nature of pain to determine what it is we are doing when we communicate our pains to others. I characterize pain utterances as having both indicative and imperative content, in virtue of expressing pain beliefs and the pain experience, respectively. I contend that, be concerned!, is the imperative issued by both felt pains and pain utterances. I refer to a notion of concern that configures itself to comply with pain’s demand for (1) attention, (2) a beholdenness towards restoring well-being, and (3) action when otherwise appropriate. The second aim of this project is to explain the societal mechanisms that can cause the sharing of one's pain to fail to motivate. My thesis considers how ideologies can distort features of the speaker, i.e., the body, or distort the kind of pain expressed, i.e., menstrual pain, such that a pain-related motivational deficit occurs. A pain-related motivational deficit occurs when ideology systematically distorts certain pain utterances such that there is a defective uptake of the pain utterance's motivational contribution, or imperative content, without disturbing the proper uptake of its epistemic contribution, or indicative content. As a result, a pain utterance that would otherwise motivate concern is believed but is responded to with a lack of concern

“Just” a painful period: A philosophical perspective review of the dismissal of menstrual pain

Science and society typically respond to dysmenorrhea—or painful menstrual cramps—as a normal, natural, and inevitable part of menstruation. This normalization has greatly contributed to the systemic dismissal of painful menstrual cramps. Stigma, secrecy, and the expectation to “cope” fuel the normalization of menstrual pain. In this article, I argue that the normalization of menstrual pain restricts the ability to share an excruciating menstrual pain in a way that would otherwise elicit alarm or concern. This can cause clinicians to downgrade menstrual pain, and even menstruating persons to downgrade their own pain. I refer to the dismissal of menstrual pain as an example of a pain-related motivational deficit. A pain-related motivational deficit describes instances in which an utterance fails to motivate due to societal practices and ideas that make it difficult to recognize the import of the embodied experience being shared