Kosten-Nutzen-Betrachtungen im Bereich der Weiterbildung am Beispiel des Blended Learning-Kurses GO@ELSE

Der Beitrag gibt einen Einblick in mögliche Ansätze von Nutzen-Betrachtungen im Bildungsbereich und verdeutlicht Ansätze und Problemfelder am Beispiel des Blended Learning-Kurses GO@ELSE, der für Weiterbildungsmaßnahmen an einer Bundesbehörde entwickelt wurde. Kosten-Nutzen-Betrachtungen von Maßnahmen werden im Bildungsbereich bisher nur selten durchgeführt. Vor dem Hintergrund knapp werdender Ressourcen und des Bedarfs qualitativ hochwertiger Bildungsangebote gewinnt dieses Thema jedoch zunehmend an Bedeutung. Diskussionen um Möglichkeiten und Grenzen von E-Learning- oder Blended Learning-Maßnahmen verweisen darauf, dass die Kosten-Nutzen-Betrachtungen in eine Entscheidung für oder gegen die Einführung einer E-Learning- oder Blended Learning-Maßnahme einzubeziehen sind. (DIPF/Orig.)In the field of education, cost-benefit analyses are rarely carried out for new initiatives. However, due to diminishing resources and the strong need for high-quality educational offerings, this topic is becoming increasingly important. When viewed in relation to opportunities and limitations involved in e-learning or blended learning initiatives, it becomes essential to include cost-benefit considerations as part of the decision whether or not to introduce an e-learning or blended learning solution. In the example which follows, the blended learning course „GO@ELSE" and problem areas relating to cost-benefit considerations in the field of education are examined in more detail. (DIPF/Orig.

Diffraction-free beams in thin films

The propagation and transmission of Bessel beams through nano-layered structures has been discussed recently. Within this framework we recognize the formation of unguided diffraction-free waves with the spot size approaching and occasionally surpassing the limit of a wavelength when a Bessel beam of any order n is launched onto a thin material slab with grazing incidence. Based on the plane-wave representation of cylindrical waves, a simple model is introduced providing an exact prescription of the transverse pattern of this type of diffraction-suppressed localized waves. Potential applications in surface science are put forward for consideration

Towards Using Fast Embedded Model Predictive Control for Human-Aware Predictive Robot Navigation

Predictive planning is a key capability for robots to efficiently and safely navigate populated environments. Particularly in densely crowded scenes, with uncertain human motion predictions, predictive path planning, and control can become expensive to compute in real time due to the curse of dimensionality. With the goal of achieving pro-active and legible robot motion in shared environments, in this paper we present HuMAN-MPC, a computationally efficient algorithm for Human Motion Aware Navigation using fast embedded Model Predictive Control. The approach consists of a novel model predictive control (MPC) formulation that leverages a fast state-of-the-art optimization backend based on a sequential quadratic programming real-time iteration scheme while also providing feasibility monitoring. Our experiments, in simulation and on a fully integrated ROS-based platform, show that the approach achieves great scalability with fast computation times without penalizing path quality and efficiency of the resulting avoidance behavior.Comment: published in Long-Term Human Motion Prediction (LHMP) Workshop at International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA) 202

Evaluating Flight Instructor Perceptions of Light Sport Aircraft

The Federal Aviation Administration has forecasted tremendous growth in general aviation over the next 20 years, mostly due to large increases in the population of sport pilots. These future pilots will need to be taught by instructors who have the experience, interest, and appropriate attitudes to accommodate successful growth in light sport aviation. Flight instructors without a sport pilot rating are authorized to instruct in light sport aircraft but have little or no experience requirements with such aircraft before teaching. The purpose of this study was to determine the perceptions current instructors held about light sport aircraft. This was accomplished by surveying two different samples of certified flight instructors: a group of randomly selected flight instructors from the FAA national airmen atabase, and a sample of flight instructors registered with the National Association of Flight Instructors. Instructor perceptions about light sport aircraft are analyzed using statistical methods. Comments indicate a need for additional effort to ensure the delivery of safe, efficient, quality training in light sport aviation

Learning Theory and Differentiation in Flight Instruction: Perceptions from Certified Flight Instructors

The pilot shortage has reached critical levels. One strategy to minimize the loss of potentially skilled pilots is to focus attention on providing flight instructors with the background knowledge to understand student learning and support student pilots as they progress through flight training programs. Within flight instruction, little or no attention has been focused on the concept of Multiple Intelligences (MI) Theory and its impact on student learning and retention. Consequently, the purpose of this study was to determine if Certified Flight Instructors (CFI) who have been provided with information about MI Theory perceived a positive relationship between their new knowledge about multiple intelligences and their general instructional effectiveness. The study used CFI journals, observations, and individual interviews to determine if instructors perceived MI Theory to be valuable when applied to flight instruction. The results indicated that the participants believed knowledge regarding MI Theory added value to their flight instruction. Implications for practice and directions for future research are provided