Do ESOPs enhance firm performance? Evidence from China's reform experiment

China introduced employee stock ownership plans (ESOPs) in 1992 purely as an employee incentive scheme. The government initiated the policy experiment on ESOPs as part of China's reform of its state-owned enterprises, and it was abruptly terminated 2. years after initiation. This policy experiment resulted in an exogenous sample of ESOPs that allows us to provide the first evidence from Chinese firms on the performance-ESOP relation. After examining a variety of performance measures, including ROA, ROE, Tobin's q, and productivity, we find little difference in performance between ESOP firms and non-ESOP firms. © 2010 Elsevier B.V.postprin

Quantum model for magnetic multivalued recording in coupled multilayers

In this paper, we discuss the possibilities of realizing the magnetic multi-valued (MMV) recording in a magnetic coupled multilayer. The hysteresis loop of a double-layer system is studied analytically, and the conditions for achieving the MMV recording are given. The conditions are studied from different respects, and the phase diagrams for the anisotropic parameters are given in the end.Comment: 8 pages, LaTex formatted, 7 figures (those who are interested please contact the authors requring the figures) Submitted to Physal Review B. Email: [email protected]

Coherent population trapping in a dressed two-level atom via a bichromatic field

We show theoretically that by applying a bichromatic electromagnetic field, the dressed states of a monochromatically driven two-level atom can be pumped into a coherent superposition termed as dressed-state coherent population trapping. Such effect can be viewed as a new doorknob to manipulate a two-level system via its control over dressed-state populations. Application of this effect in the precision measurement of Rabi frequency, the unexpected population inversion and lasing without inversion are discussed to demonstrate such controllability.Comment: 14 pages, 6 figure

Patterns of Dynamical Gauge Symmetry Breaking

We construct and analyze theories with a gauge symmetry in the ultraviolet of the form $G \otimes G_b$, in which the vectorial, asymptotically free $G_b$ gauge interaction becomes strongly coupled at a scale where the $G$ interaction is weakly coupled and produces bilinear fermion condensates that dynamically break the $G$ symmetry. Comparisons are given between Higgs and dynamical symmetry breaking mechanisms for various models.Comment: 14 pages, late

Improving the electrochemical performances of Li rich Li1.20Ni0.13Co0.13Mn0.54O2 through a cooperative doping of Na and PO4 3 with Na3PO4

Li rich layered oxide cathodes suffer from poor rate capability, voltage decay and inferior cycling stability. Herein, we propose a novel synergistic strategy to improve the electrochemical performances of Li rich Li1.20Ni0.13Co0.13Mn0.54O2 by the co doping of Na and PO4 3 amp; 8722; . The co doping of Na for Li and PO4 3 amp; 8722; for Mn is simultaneously achieved using Na3PO4 as a dopant. The co doping of Na and PO4 3 amp; 8722; not only enhances the high rate performance 106.4 mAhg amp; 8722;1 10C and capacity retention 93.8 1C 100 cycles but also mitigates the voltage decay owing to the synergistic effect of Na and PO4 3 amp; 8722; co doping. The synergistic mechanism is unraveled based on neutron diffraction, aberration corrected scanning transmission electron microscope, Xray photoelectron spectroscopy, ex situ X ray absorption spectra, ex situ X ray diffraction, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and electrochemical measurements. The co doping of Na and PO4 3 amp; 8722; enlarges the interlayer spacing and suppresses Li Ni mixing which increases Li diffusivity and enhances the rate capability. Meanwhile, the co doping of Na and PO4 3 amp; 8722; shrinks the thickness of the slabs, weakens the TM O covalency and alleviates the volume change in the charge discharge process which improves the layered structure stability and the cycling performances. This study presents some new insights into designing high performance cathode materials through a cooperative modulation of different crystal sites dopin

Mean Interplanetary Magnetic Field Measurement Using the ARGO-YBJ Experiment

The sun blocks cosmic ray particles from outside the solar system, forming a detectable shadow in the sky map of cosmic rays detected by the ARGO-YBJ experiment in Tibet. Because the cosmic ray particles are positive charged, the magnetic field between the sun and the earth deflects them from straight trajectories and results in a shift of the shadow from the true location of the sun. Here we show that the shift measures the intensity of the field which is transported by the solar wind from the sun to the earth.Comment: 6 papges,3 figure

Inner Space Preserving Generative Pose Machine

Image-based generative methods, such as generative adversarial networks (GANs) have already been able to generate realistic images with much context control, specially when they are conditioned. However, most successful frameworks share a common procedure which performs an image-to-image translation with pose of figures in the image untouched. When the objective is reposing a figure in an image while preserving the rest of the image, the state-of-the-art mainly assumes a single rigid body with simple background and limited pose shift, which can hardly be extended to the images under normal settings. In this paper, we introduce an image "inner space" preserving model that assigns an interpretable low-dimensional pose descriptor (LDPD) to an articulated figure in the image. Figure reposing is then generated by passing the LDPD and the original image through multi-stage augmented hourglass networks in a conditional GAN structure, called inner space preserving generative pose machine (ISP-GPM). We evaluated ISP-GPM on reposing human figures, which are highly articulated with versatile variations. Test of a state-of-the-art pose estimator on our reposed dataset gave an accuracy over 80% on PCK0.5 metric. The results also elucidated that our ISP-GPM is able to preserve the background with high accuracy while reasonably recovering the area blocked by the figure to be reposed.Comment: http://www.northeastern.edu/ostadabbas/2018/07/23/inner-space-preserving-generative-pose-machine