A dynamic prediction model for intraoperative somatosensory evoked potential monitoring

This study proposed a support vector regression model applied in prediction of intraoperative somatosensory evoked potential changes associated with physiological and anesthetic changes. This model was developed from probability distribution and support vector machines. The predicted results showed that observed and predicted SEP has similar variation trend with different values, with acceptable errors. With this prediction model, changes of SEP in correlation with non-surgical factors were estimated. Not only the prediction accuracy of SEP has been improved, but also provides the reliability of the classification. It will be helpful to develop an intelligent monitor model based expert system that can make a reliable decision for the potential spinal injury.published_or_final_versio

Trial-to-trial latency variability of somatosensory evoked potentials as a prognostic indicator for surgical management of cervical spondylotic myelopathy

published_or_final_versio

Entanglement in coined quantum walks on regular graphs

Published versio

Formation of P In defect in annealed liquid-encapsulated Czochralski InP

Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy measurements have been carried out on liquid-encapsulated Czochralski-grown undoped InP wafers, which reproducibly become semi-insulating upon annealing in an ambient of phosphorus at 800-900°C. The measurements reveal a high concentration of hydrogen complexes in the form V InH 4 existing in the material before annealing in agreement with recent experimental studies. It is argued that the dominant and essential process producing the semi-insulating behavior is the compensation produced by an EL 2-like deep donor phosphorus antisite defect, which is formed by the dissociation of the hydrogen complexes during the process of annealing. The deep donor compensates acceptors, the majority of which are shallow residual acceptor impurities and deep hydrogen associated V In and isolated V In levels, produced at the first stage of the dissociation of the V InH 4 complex. The high concentration of indium vacancies produced by the dissociation are the precursor of the EL 2-like phosphorus antisite. These results show the importance of hydrogen on the electrical properties of InP and indicate that this largely results from low formation energy of the complex V InH 4 in comparison with that of an isolated V In. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.published_or_final_versio

Compensation defects in annealed undoped liquid encapsulated Czochralski InP

As-grown undoped n-type semiconducting and annealed undoped semi-insulating (SI) liquid encapsulated Czochralski (LEC) InP has been studied by temperature dependent Hall measurement, photoluminescence spectroscopy, infrared absorption, and photocurrent spectroscopy. P-type conduction SI InP can frequently be obtained by annealing undoped LEC InP. This is caused by a high concentration of thermally induced native acceptor defects. In some cases, it can be shown that the thermally induced n-type SI property of undoped LEC InP is caused by a midgap donor compensating for the net shallow acceptors. The midgap donor is proposed to be a phosphorus antisite related defect. Traps in annealed SI InP have been detected by photocurrent spectroscopy and have been compared with reported results. The mechanisms of defect formation are discussed. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.published_or_final_versio

Quantifying Inactive Lithium in Lithium Metal Batteries

Inactive lithium (Li) formation is the immediate cause of capacity loss and catastrophic failure of Li metal batteries. However, the chemical component and the atomic level structure of inactive Li have rarely been studied due to the lack of effective diagnosis tools to accurately differentiate and quantify Li+ in solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) components and the electrically isolated unreacted metallic Li0, which together comprise the inactive Li. Here, by introducing a new analytical method, Titration Gas Chromatography (TGC), we can accurately quantify the contribution from metallic Li0 to the total amount of inactive Li. We uncover that the Li0, rather than the electrochemically formed SEI, dominates the inactive Li and capacity loss. Using cryogenic electron microscopies to further study the microstructure and nanostructure of inactive Li, we find that the Li0 is surrounded by insulating SEI, losing the electronic conductive pathway to the bulk electrode. Coupling the measurements of the Li0 global content to observations of its local atomic structure, we reveal the formation mechanism of inactive Li in different types of electrolytes, and identify the true underlying cause of low Coulombic efficiency in Li metal deposition and stripping. We ultimately propose strategies to enable the highly efficient Li deposition and stripping to enable Li metal anode for next generation high energy batteries

A multiple scattering formulation to design meta-trenches for mitigating low-frequency ground-borne vibrations induced by surface railways and subways

We propose a multiple scattering formulation to investigate the performance of meta-trenches. The meta-trench is a novel device, composed of an array of resonant units buried in the ground in a proper arrangement, aimed at reducing the railway and/or subway induced ground motion by exploiting its scattering and resonant properties. Compared to classical open trenches, the resonators contribute to improving the wave mitigation performance of the trench in the low-frequency regime.The proposed formulation allows to consider the wave source anywhere in the half-space and a generic distribution of resonators in terms of number and position. The incident wave field generated by the source, such as a train or subway, along with the scattered wave fields produced by the resonant units that constitute the meta-trench, are modeled via Green's functions. The multiple scattering formulation enables the solution of coupled wave problems by determining the amplitudes of scattered wave fields at various frequencies. Through comparison with finite element simulations, we demonstrate that in both buried source (i.e., subway) and surface-located source (i.e., ground railway) scenarios, our analytical formulation is able to properly model the dynamics of the coupled problems with a noticeable computational cost saving. Opening to fast and reliable parametric simulations, our formulation allows for a deeper knowledge of the wave interaction processes, resulting thus in a reliable tool for predicting the coupled wave field under both bulk and Rayleigh waves

Clinical, Virological and Immunological Features from Patients Infected with Re-Emergent Avian-Origin Human H7N9 Influenza Disease of Varying Severity in Guangdong Province

The second wave of avian influenza H7N9 virus outbreak in humans spread to the Guangdong province of China by August of 2013 and this virus is now endemic in poultry in this region.Background The second wave of avian influenza H7N9 virus outbreak in humans spread to the Guangdong province of China by August of 2013 and this virus is now endemic in poultry in this region. Methods Five patients with H7N9 virus infection admitted to our hospital during August 2013 to February 2014 were intensively investigated. Viral load in the respiratory tract was determined by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (Q-PCR) and cytokine levels were measured by bead-based flow cytometery. Results Four patients survived and one died. Viral load in different clinical specimens was correlated with cytokine levels in plasma and broncho-alveolar fluid (BALF), therapeutic modalities used and clinical outcome. Intravenous zanamivir appeared to be better than peramivir as salvage therapy in patients who failed to respond to oseltamivir. Higher and more prolonged viral load was found in the sputum or endotracheal aspirates compared to throat swabs. Upregulation of proinflammatory cytokines IP-10, MCP-1, MIG, MIP-1α/β, IL-1β and IL-8 was found in the plasma and BALF samples. The levels of cytokines in the plasma and viral load were correlated with disease severity. Reactivation of herpes simplex virus type 1(HSV-1) was found in three out of five patients (60%). Conclusion Expectorated sputum or endotracheal aspirate specimens are preferable to throat swabs for detecting and monitoring H7N9 virus. Severity of the disease was correlated to the viral load in the respiratory tract as well as the extents of cytokinemia. Reactivation of HSV-1 may contribute to clinical outcome.published_or_final_versio

Observation of a ppb mass threshoud enhancement in \psi^\prime\to\pi^+\pi^-J/\psi(J/\psi\to\gamma p\bar{p}) decay

The decay channel $\psi^\prime\to\pi^+\pi^-J/\psi(J/\psi\to\gamma p\bar{p})$ is studied using a sample of $1.06\times 10^8$ $\psi^\prime$ events collected by the BESIII experiment at BEPCII. A strong enhancement at threshold is observed in the $p\bar{p}$ invariant mass spectrum. The enhancement can be fit with an $S$-wave Breit-Wigner resonance function with a resulting peak mass of $M=1861^{+6}_{-13} {\rm (stat)}^{+7}_{-26} {\rm (syst)} {\rm MeV/}c^2$ and a narrow width that is $\Gamma<38 {\rm MeV/}c^2$ at the 90% confidence level. These results are consistent with published BESII results. These mass and width values do not match with those of any known meson resonance.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figures, submitted to Chinese Physics