Early Prediction Model for Osteoporotic Fracture in Type 2 Diabetes Patients: A Nomogram Approach Based on a Single-Center Retrospective Study

Peng Fei Liu,1 Yan Xin Ren,1 Peng Wang,2 Xiu Mei Ma,3 Kang Geng4,5 1China Aerospace Science & Industry Corporation 731 hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China; 2Chengdu First People’s Hospital, Chengdu Integrated TCM and Western Medicine Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China; 3Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study of Sichuan Province and Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China; 4Department of Plastic and Burns Surgery, National Key Clinical Construction Specialty, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China; 5Metabolic Vascular Disease Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Nephropathy, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Luzhou, Luzhou, Sichuan, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Kang Geng, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Metabolic Vascular Disease Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China, Email [email protected]: To address the high disability and mortality rates of osteoporotic fracture (OPF), a common complication of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), this study seeks to create an early OPF risk prediction model for T2DM patients.Methods: A single-center retrospective study was conducted on 868 T2DM patients using Multi-dimensional data. The dataset was split into training and validation sets at an 8:2 ratio. Through logistic regression analyses, key predictive factors were pinpointed and incorporated into a Nomogram prediction model. The model’s reliability, validity, and generalizability were assessed using various statistical methods, including the Hosmer-Lemeshow test, Receiver Operator Characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, and decision curve analysis. The validation set was used to test the model.Results: Female gender (OR 2.681, 95% CI 1.046– 6.803, P=0.04), age (OR 1.068, 95% CI 1.023– 1.115, P=0.003), body mass index (BMI) (OR 0.912, 95% CI 0.851– 0.979, P=0.010), blood lactic acid level (OR 0.747, 95% CI 0.597– 0.935, P=0.011), lumbar T-score (OR 0.644, 95% CI 0.499– 0.833, P=0.001), and femoral neck T-score (OR 0.412, 95% CI 0.292– 0.602, P< 0.001) were identified as independent factors predicting OPF in T2DM patients. Based on these factors, a Nomogram model was constructed. The model showed a high degree of agreement with actual data (Hosmer-Lemeshow test, P=0.406), with an Area Under the Curve (AUC) value of 0.831. It demonstrated good clinical benefits across different thresholds and excellent generalization ability on the validation set.Conclusion: This study integrated key factors such as gender, age, BMI, lactic acid, lumbar spine, and femoral neck T-values to construct a Nomogram for predicting the risk of OPF in T2DM patients. This model can assist doctors in accurately assessing the risk of OPF in T2DM patients, facilitating early detection and timely treatment. It has significant clinical practical value.Keywords: type 2 diabetes mellitus, osteoporosis, bone fracture, nomogram, risk predictio

Nanoparticles that communicate in vivo to amplify tumour targeting

Author Manuscript: 2012 May 29Nanomedicines have enormous potential to improve the precision of cancer therapy, yet our ability to efficiently home these materials to regions of disease in vivo remains very limited. Inspired by the ability of communication to improve targeting in biological systems, such as inflammatory-cell recruitment to sites of disease, we construct systems where synthetic biological and nanotechnological components communicate to amplify disease targeting in vivo. These systems are composed of ‘signalling’ modules (nanoparticles or engineered proteins) that target tumours and then locally activate the coagulation cascade to broadcast tumour location to clot-targeted ‘receiving’ nanoparticles in circulation that carry a diagnostic or therapeutic cargo, thereby amplifying their delivery. We show that communicating nanoparticle systems can be composed of multiple types of signalling and receiving modules, can transmit information through multiple molecular pathways in coagulation, can operate autonomously and can target over 40 times higher doses of chemotherapeutics to tumours than non-communicating controls.National Cancer Institute (U.S.) (SBMRI Cancer Center Support Grant 5 P30 CA30199-28)National Cancer Institute (U.S.) (MIT CCNE Grant U54 CA119349)National Cancer Institute (U.S.) (Bioengineering Research Partnership Grant 5-R01-CA124427)National Cancer Institute (U.S.) (UCSD CCNE Grant U54 CA 119335)National Science Foundation (U.S.) (Whitaker Graduate Fellowship

A facile chemical conversion synthesis of Sb2S3 nanotubes and the visible light-driven photocatalytic activities

We report a simple chemical conversion and cation exchange technique to realize the synthesis of Sb2S3 nanotubes at a low temperature of 90°C. The successful chemical conversion from ZnS nanotubes to Sb2S3 ones benefits from the large difference in solubility between ZnS and Sb2S3. The as-grown Sb2S3 nanotubes have been transformed from a weak crystallization to a polycrystalline structure via successive annealing. In addition to the detailed structural, morphological, and optical investigation of the yielded Sb2S3 nanotubes before and after annealing, we have shown high photocatalytic activities of Sb2S3 nanotubes for methyl orange degradation under visible light irradiation. This approach offers an effective control of the composition and structure of Sb2S3 nanomaterials, facilitates the production at a relatively low reaction temperature without the need of organics, templates, or crystal seeds, and can be extended to the synthesis of hollow structures with various compositions and shapes for unique properties

Prevalence and trend of hepatitis C virus infection among blood donors in Chinese mainland: a systematic review and meta-analysis

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Blood transfusion is one of the most common transmission pathways of hepatitis C virus (HCV). This paper aims to provide a comprehensive and reliable tabulation of available data on the epidemiological characteristics and risk factors for HCV infection among blood donors in Chinese mainland, so as to help make prevention strategies and guide further research.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>A systematic review was constructed based on the computerized literature database. Infection rates and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were calculated using the approximate normal distribution model. Odds ratios and 95% CI were calculated by fixed or random effects models. Data manipulation and statistical analyses were performed using STATA 10.0 and ArcGIS 9.3 was used for map construction.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Two hundred and sixty-five studies met our inclusion criteria. The pooled prevalence of HCV infection among blood donors in Chinese mainland was 8.68% (95% CI: 8.01%-9.39%), and the epidemic was severer in North and Central China, especially in Henan and Hebei. While a significant lower rate was found in Yunnan. Notably, before 1998 the pooled prevalence of HCV infection was 12.87% (95%CI: 11.25%-14.56%) among blood donors, but decreased to 1.71% (95%CI: 1.43%-1.99%) after 1998. No significant difference was found in HCV infection rates between male and female blood donors, or among different blood type donors. The prevalence of HCV infection was found to increase with age. During 1994-1995, the prevalence rate reached the highest with a percentage of 15.78% (95%CI: 12.21%-19.75%), and showed a decreasing trend in the following years. A significant difference was found among groups with different blood donation types, Plasma donors had a relatively higher prevalence than whole blood donors of HCV infection (33.95% <it>vs </it>7.9%).</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>The prevalence of HCV infection has rapidly decreased since 1998 and kept a low level in recent years, but some provinces showed relatively higher prevalence than the general population. It is urgent to make efficient measures to prevent HCV secondary transmission and control chronic progress, and the key to reduce the HCV incidence among blood donors is to encourage true voluntary blood donors, strictly implement blood donation law, and avoid cross-infection.</p