Adaptive inverse control of a vibrating coupled vessel-riser system with input backlash

This article involves the adaptive inverse control of a coupled vessel-riser system with input backlash and system uncertainties. By introducing an adaptive inverse dynamics of backlash, the backlash control input is divided into a mismatch error and an expected control command, and then a novel adaptive inverse control strategy is established to eliminate vibration, tackle backlash, and compensate for system uncertainties. The bounded stability of the controlled system is analyzed and demonstrated by exploiting the Lyapunov’s criterion. The simulation comparison experiments are finally presented to verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the control algorithm

UniDM: A Unified Framework for Data Manipulation with Large Language Models

Designing effective data manipulation methods is a long standing problem in data lakes. Traditional methods, which rely on rules or machine learning models, require extensive human efforts on training data collection and tuning models. Recent methods apply Large Language Models (LLMs) to resolve multiple data manipulation tasks. They exhibit bright benefits in terms of performance but still require customized designs to fit each specific task. This is very costly and can not catch up with the requirements of big data lake platforms. In this paper, inspired by the cross-task generality of LLMs on NLP tasks, we pave the first step to design an automatic and general solution to tackle with data manipulation tasks. We propose UniDM, a unified framework which establishes a new paradigm to process data manipulation tasks using LLMs. UniDM formalizes a number of data manipulation tasks in a unified form and abstracts three main general steps to solve each task. We develop an automatic context retrieval to allow the LLMs to retrieve data from data lakes, potentially containing evidence and factual information. For each step, we design effective prompts to guide LLMs to produce high quality results. By our comprehensive evaluation on a variety of benchmarks, our UniDM exhibits great generality and state-of-the-art performance on a wide variety of data manipulation tasks.Comment: MLSys2

Boundary vibration control of a floating wind turbine system with mooring lines

In this paper, we investigate dynamic modeling, active boundary control design, and stability analysis for a coupled floating wind turbine (FWT) system, which is connected with two flexible mooring lines. It is a coupled beam-strings structure, and we design two boundary controllers to restrain the vibrations of this flexible system caused by external disturbances based on the coupled partial differential equations and ordinary differential equations (PDEs–ODEs) model. Meanwhile, significant performance of designed boundary controllers and system’s stability are theoretically analyzed, and a set of simulation results are provided to show efficacy of the proposed approach

Sigmoid ventricular septum treated with endocardial ablation to improve left ventricular outflow: cases report

BackgroundSigmoid Ventricular Septum (SVS) is a type of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy characterized by a reduced angle between the basal interventricular septum and the ascending aorta, and SVS can lead to dynamic Left Ventricular Outflow Tract obstruction (LVOTO) during hypercontractile states. Patients experiencing LVOTO may manifest symptoms such as angina, syncope, etc. Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) has been utilized to treat patients with hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy, but there is no reports on its use in treating LVOTO resulting from SVS. Our report describes two cases of SVS treated with endocardial ablation to improve LVOTO.Case reportCase 1: A 74-year-old female patient with angina and syncope was admitted to the hospital and diagnosed with SVS by transthoracic echocardiogram. The patient exhibited LVOTO and Systolic Anterior Motion (SAM) phenomena during the administration of the dobutamine stress test. After RFA was performed, the patient's symptoms significantly improved. Additionally, septum decreased from 16 to 13 mm after ten months, and the morphological changes associated with SVS also disappeared. Case 2: A 57-year-old female was admitted to the hospital due to recurrent chest pain after physical activity for more than four years. The transthoracic echocardiogram indicated that the patient met the diagnostic criteria for SVS, and LVOTO and SAM phenomenaoccurred following dobutamine stress test. The patient had significant improvement in symptoms after undergoing RFA treatment.ConclusionsThese two cases represent the first documented instances where dynamic LVOTO caused by SVS could be effectively managed through endocardial RFA

Initial LDH level can predict the survival benefit from bevacizumab in the first-line setting in Chinese patients with metastatic colorectal cancer

BACKGROUND: Markers to predict the efficacy of bevacizumab treatment have been not fully validated in most cancers, including metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). The aim of this study was to investigate the potential role of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in predicting the survival benefit from first-line bevacizumab treatment, in Chinese patients with mCRC. METHODS: All the patients were diagnosed with mCRC at the Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center from 2003 to 2013. The study group and the control group were classified by receiving bevacizumab or not. The serum LDH value of all the patients had been detected before the first-line treatment. The primary end point was progression-free survival (PFS). RESULTS: The median PFS of the study and the control group (patients who received bevacizumab or not) was 11.3 and 9.1 months, respectively (P=0.004). In the control group, the median PFS of the high LDH level and the low LDH level groups was 6.9 and 10.2 months, respectively (P<0.001). However, in the study group, the corresponding median PFS was 9.9 and 11.9 months, respectively (P=0.145). In addition, for the low LDH level group, the median PFS was 11.9 and 10.2 months for patients who received bevacizumab or not, respectively (P=0.066); however, the median PFS of patients receiving bevacizumab or not was significantly different in the high LDH level group (9.9 and 6.9 months, respectively) (P=0.012). CONCLUSION: The addition of bevacizumab in the first-line treatment setting could improve the PFS of mCRC patients notably. However, the benefit could only be potentially reflected on patients with high serum LDH level

CVPR 2023 Text Guided Video Editing Competition

Humans watch more than a billion hours of video per day. Most of this video was edited manually, which is a tedious process. However, AI-enabled video-generation and video-editing is on the rise. Building on text-to-image models like Stable Diffusion and Imagen, generative AI has improved dramatically on video tasks. But it's hard to evaluate progress in these video tasks because there is no standard benchmark. So, we propose a new dataset for text-guided video editing (TGVE), and we run a competition at CVPR to evaluate models on our TGVE dataset. In this paper we present a retrospective on the competition and describe the winning method. The competition dataset is available at https://sites.google.com/view/loveucvpr23/track4.Comment: Project page: https://sites.google.com/view/loveucvpr23/track

Humanity's Last Exam

Benchmarks are important tools for tracking the rapid advancements in large language model (LLM) capabilities. However, benchmarks are not keeping pace in difficulty: LLMs now achieve over 90\% accuracy on popular benchmarks like MMLU, limiting informed measurement of state-of-the-art LLM capabilities. In response, we introduce Humanity's Last Exam (HLE), a multi-modal benchmark at the frontier of human knowledge, designed to be the final closed-ended academic benchmark of its kind with broad subject coverage. HLE consists of 3,000 questions across dozens of subjects, including mathematics, humanities, and the natural sciences. HLE is developed globally by subject-matter experts and consists of multiple-choice and short-answer questions suitable for automated grading. Each question has a known solution that is unambiguous and easily verifiable, but cannot be quickly answered via internet retrieval. State-of-the-art LLMs demonstrate low accuracy and calibration on HLE, highlighting a significant gap between current LLM capabilities and the expert human frontier on closed-ended academic questions. To inform research and policymaking upon a clear understanding of model capabilities, we publicly release HLE at https://lastexam.ai

Choice of Demand Mode for Subsea Safety Systems

In the real industry project, which new technology and systems have blossomed and have been codified, many problems and challenges regarding the application of international safety systems standard IEC 61508 in low demand and high demand have been encountered. For instance, automatic train protection system (ATP) is argued to be both low demand system and continuous mode system. A low demand blow-out preventer (BOP) system will operate in high demand mode to withstand the well pressure for hours and weeks when it is activated to full closure. In the real case, both reliability assessments for low and high demand mode could be requested due to the vague and ambiguous statement of concepts and definitions in the IEC standard. Current existing researches put main emphasis on low demand systems, but addresses on high/continuous demand systems are few.This master?s thesis which is written in co-operation with Aker Solutions aims at discussing those problems confronted in IEC 61508 and summarizing the existing academic work, mathematical models as well as relevant industry guideline. By assuming the system will operate in both low demand and high/continuous demand mode, Subsea High Integrity Pressure Protection System as a case example is used to illustrate the problems in the case study. Both probability of failure on demand (PFD) and probability of dangerous failure per hour (PFH) are calculated by PDS method as the low and high/continuous demand mode reliability assessment. The results from the case study in terms of SIL are found out to be inconsistent. This problem is discussed and traced back to the general quantitative SIL allocation method in IEC 61508-5. The thesis therefore attempts to develop a general consistent SIL range by carrying out SIL calibriations with Matlab. New correction factor is calculated and a new proposed SIL table is given. The decisions on following IEC 61508 SIL table is further argued. Both pros and cons of different solutions are compared