Cycle-finite module categories

We describe the structure of module categories of finite dimensional algebras over an algebraically closed field for which the cycles of nonzero nonisomorphisms between indecomposable finite dimensional modules are finite (do not belong to the infinite Jacobson radical of the module category). Moreover, geometric and homological properties of these module categories are exhibited

Tilted algebras and short chains of modules

We provide an affirmative answer for the question raised almost twenty years ago concerning the characterization of tilted artin algebras by the existence of a sincere finitely generated module which is not the middle of a short chain

Application of biotechnology in fish breeding. II: production of highly immune genetically modified redbelly tilapia, Tilapia zillii

The present study aims to produce a highly immune, genetically modified redbelly tilapia, Tilapia zillii with accelerated growth as a result of direct injection of shark (Squalus acanthias L.) DNA into skeletal muscles of fish fingerlings at concentrations of 10, 20, 40 and 80 μg/fish. The results showed that the fish injected with 40 μg/fish had significant (P&le0.05) superiority of growth performance. Also, the body composition of these fish was improved. The fish injected with 20 and 40 μg/fish had significant (P&le0.05) higher means of total antibody activity (total IgM), serum total protein and globulin compared with other injected groups. Cytological examination for all injected fish and their control revealed the same diploid number (2n=44) of chromosomes, and no chromosomal abberations were detected. Moreover, DNA fingerprinting showed high polymorphism among injected fish. Therefore, variable fragments of shark DNA may randomly integrated into T. zillii muscle genomes. The present investigation revealed also that egg diameters of injected females and their control were divided into nine groups, which varied between 0.2 and 1.7 mm. In addition, ovary of T. zillii females injected with 10; 20; 40 and 80 μg/fish of shark DNA showed 10, 38, 65 and 18% normal oocytes, respectively. Also, test of males injected with various amounts of DNA showed large number of abnormalities. Moreover, the comparison between all injected fish revealed that the testes and ovaries of fish injected with 80 μg/fish were more deformed and atretic. This means that the effects of intramuscular direct injection of foreign DNA into T. zillii could be limited to germ cells of fish. Therefore, further studies about the establishment of these effects on the following generations are needed. The result indicates a possible easy and rapid way for improving fish characteristics.African Journal of Biotechnology Vol. 4 (5), pp. 449-459, 200

Number preferences in lotteries

We explore people's preferences for numbers in large proprietary data sets from two different lottery games. We find that choice is far from uniform, and exhibits some familiar and some new tendencies and biases. Players favor personally meaningful and situationally available numbers, and are attracted towards numbers in the center of the choice form. Frequent players avoid winning numbers from recent draws, whereas infrequent players chase these. Combinations of numbers are formed with an eye for aesthetics, and players tend to spread their numbers relatively evenly across the possible range

Structure of the Deformed 7075 Aircraft Al - Alloy with Material Analysis Using Diffraction (MAUD)

This work aims to study the effect of plastic deformation on the 7075 Al - alloy using Material Analyses Using Diffraction (MAUD). Plastic deformation produces dislocation defects. Using a hydraulic press, samples were deformed up to 25%. The XRD was measured for each degree of deformation. The MAUD program was used to analyze the data, and mathematical methods were deployed to understand the various behaviors observed. The lattice parameter, crystallite size, average internal stress, micro-strain, and dislocation density of the 7075Al-alloy were calculated. As the deformation degree increased, there was a progressive decline in the crystallite size as an increase in the micro-strain and dislocation density. The flow stress changes from 5.8 to 49 MPa and the stored dislocation energy varies from 2.62 to 185 kPa

Diagnostics, Management, and Outcomes in Patients with Pyogenic Spinal Intra- or Epidural Abscess

Background: Owing to the lack of evidence on the diagnostics, clinical course, treatment, and outcomes of patients with extremely rare spinal intradural abscess (SIA) and spinal epidural abscess (SEA), we retrospectively analyzed and compared a cohort of patients to determine the phenotyping of both entities. Methods: Over a period of 20 years, we retrospectively analyzed the electronic medical records of 78 patients with SIA and SEA. Results: The patients with SIA showed worse motor scores (MS scores) on admission (SIA: 20 ± 26 vs. SEA: 75 ± 34, p < 0.001), more often with an ataxic gait (SIA: 100% vs. SEA: 31.8%, p < 0.001), and more frequent bladder or bowel dysfunction (SIA: 91.7% vs. SEA: 27.3%, p < 0.001) compared to the SEA patients. Intraoperative specimens showed a higher diagnostic sensitivity in the SEA patients than the SIA patients (SIA: 66.7% vs. SEA: 95.2%, p = 0.024), but various pathogens such as Staphylococcus aureus (SIA 33.3% vs. SEA: 69.4%) and Streptococci and Enterococci (SIA 33.3% vs. SEA: 8.1%, p = 0.038) were detected in both entities. The patients with SIA developed sepsis more often (SIA: 75.0% vs. SEA: 18.2%, p < 0.001), septic embolism (SIA: 33.3% vs. SEA: 8.3%, p = 0.043), signs of meningism (SIA: 100% vs. 18.5%, p < 0.001), ventriculitis or cerebral abscesses (SIA: 41.7% vs. SEA: 3.0%, p < 0.001), and pneumonia (SIA: 58.3% vs. SEA: 13.6%, p = 0.002). The mean MS score improved in both patient groups after surgery (SIA: 20 to 35 vs. SEA: 75 to 90); however, the SIA patients showed a poorer MS score at discharge (SIA: 35 ± 44 vs. SEA: 90 ± 20, p < 0.001). C-reactive protein (CrP) (SIA: 159 to 49 vs. SEA: 189 to 27) and leukocyte count (SIA: 15 to 9 vs. SEA: 14 to 7) were reduced at discharge. The SIA patients had higher rates of disease-related mortality (SIA: 33.3% vs. SEA: 1.5%, p = 0.002), had more pleural empyema (SIA: 58.3% vs. SEA: 13.6%, p = 0.002), required more than one surgery (SIA: 33.3% vs. SEA 13.6%, p = 0.009), were treated longer with intravenous antibiotics (7 ± 4 w vs. 3 ± 2 w, p < 0.001) and antibiotics overall (12 ± 10 w vs. 7 ± 3 w, p = 0.022), and spent more time in the hospital (SIA: 58 ± 36 vs. SEA: 26 ± 20, p < 0.001) and in the intensive care unit (SIA: 14 ± 18 vs. SEA: 4 ± 8, p = 0.002). Conclusions: Our study highlighted distinct clinical phenotypes and outcomes between both entities, with SIA patients displaying a markedly less favorable disease course in terms of complications and outcomes

SEROPREVALENCE AND RESEARCH GAPS IN CYTOMEGALOVIRUS STUDIES IN YEMEN: A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW

يُعتبر فيروس المضخم للخلايا (Cytomegalovirus) فيروسًا شائعًا يشكل تحديات كبيرة للصحة العامة، لا سيما في البلدان النامية مثل اليمن. وعلى الرغم من انتشاره الواسع، إلا أن هناك فجوة كبيرة في فهم العبء الوبائي الحقيقي بسبب القيود التشخيصية وانخفاض الوعي بين العاملين في الرعاية الصحية وعامة الناس. هدفت هذه المراجعة الشاملة إلى تقييم الانتشار المصلي لفيروس المضخم للخلايا عبر مناطق وفئات سكانية مختلفة في اليمن، وتحليل الأساليب التشخيصية المستخدمة بشكل نقدي، وتقييم مستويات الوعي بين الجهات المعنية الرئيسية. تشير النتائج إلى ارتفاع معدلات الانتشار المصلي بشكل ملحوظ، حيث تصل إلى 100% بين النساء الحوامل و99.5% بين مرضى السرطان. ومع ذلك، فإن الاعتماد الكبير على الأساليب المصلية، مثل اختبار الممتز المناعي المرتبط بالإنزيم (ELISA) والتحليل المناعي الكيميائي الكهربائي (ECLIA)، مع عدم الاستخدام للتقنيات الجزيئية مثل تفاعل البلمرة المتسلسل (PCR)، يعيق بشكل كبير الكشف الدقيق عن العدوى النشطة. علاوة على ذلك، لا يزال الوعي بين العاملين في الرعاية الصحية وعامة السكان منخفضًا بشكل حرج، مما يزيد من مخاطر انتقال العدوى. تُحدد هذه المراجعة فجوات بحثية حرجة، بما في ذلك نقص الدراسات الوبائية الجزيئية والحملات الشاملة لزيادة الوعي. يتطلب سد هذه الفجوات نهجًا متكاملًا يجمع بين الأساليب التشخيصية المتقدمة، وتعزيز تدريب العاملين في مجال الرعاية الصحية، ومبادرات توعية الجمهور للحد من انتقال فيروس المضخم للخلايا وتقليل تأثيره على الصحة.Cytomegalovirus is a prevalent virus that poses significant public health challenges, especially in developing countries like Yemen. Despite its widespread occurrence, there is a substantial gap in understanding the true epidemiological burden due to diagnostic limitations and low awareness among healthcare professionals and the general public. This comprehensive review aimed to assess Cytomegalovirus seroprevalence across different regions and population groups in Yemen, critically analyze the diagnostic techniques used, and evaluate awareness levels among key stakeholders. The findings indicated consistently high seroprevalence rates, reaching up to 100% among pregnant women and 99.5% among cancer patients. However, the heavy reliance on serological methods, such as enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and electrochemiluminescence immunoassay, without the use of molecular techniques, such as polymerase chain reaction, significantly hampers the accurate detection of active infections. Moreover, awareness among healthcare workers and the general population remains critically low, exacerbating the transmission risks. This review identifies critical research gaps, including a lack of molecular epidemiological studies and comprehensive awareness campaigns. Addressing these gaps requires an integrated approach that combines advanced diagnostic methods, enhanced healthcare training, and public education initiatives to mitigate Cytomegalovirus transmission and reduce its impact on health

Microwave-Assisted Solvothermal Synthesis of Mo-Doped TiO2 with Exceptional Textural Properties and Superior Adsorption Kinetics

Assigned to their outstanding physicochemical properties, TiO2-based materials have been studied in various applications. Herein, TiO2 doped with different Mo contents (Mo-TiO2) was synthesized via a microwave-assisted solvothermal approach. This was achieved using titanium (IV) butoxide and molybdenum (III) chloride as a precursor and dodecylamine as a surface directing agent. The uniform effective heating delivered by microwave heating reduced the reaction time to less than 30 min, representing several orders of magnitude lower than conventional heating methods. The average particle size ranged between 9.7 and 27.5 nm and it decreased with increasing the Mo content. Furthermore, Mo-TiO2 revealed mesoporous architectures with a high surface area ranging between 170 and 260 m2 g−1, which is superior compared to previously reported Mo-doped TiO2. The performance of Mo-TiO2 was evaluated towards the adsorption of Rhodamine B (RhB). In contrast to TiO2, which revealed negligible adsorption for RhB, Mo-doped samples depicted rapid adsorption for RhB, with a rate that increased with the increase in Mo content. Additionally, Mo-TiO2 expressed enhanced adsorption kinetics for RhB compared to state-of-the-art adsorbents. The introduced synthesis procedure holds a grand promise for the versatile synthesis of metal-doped TiO2 nanostructures with outstanding physicochemical properties.NPRP Grant no. NPRP 12S-0304-190218 from the Qatar National Research Fund (a member of the Qatar Foundation). The statements made herein are solely the responsibility of the authors

High gamma activity distinguishes frontal cognitive control regions from adjacent cortical networks.

Though the lateral frontal cortex is broadly implicated in cognitive control, functional MRI (fMRI) studies suggest fine-grained distinctions within this region. To examine this question electrophysiologically, we placed electrodes on the lateral frontal cortex in patients undergoing awake craniotomy for tumor resection. Patients performed verbal tasks with a manipulation of attentional switching, a canonical control demand. Power in the high gamma range (70-250 Hz) distinguished electrodes based on their location within a high-resolution fMRI network parcellation of the frontal lobe. Electrodes within the canonical fronto-parietal control network showed increased power in the switching condition, a result absent in electrodes within default mode, language and somato-motor networks. High gamma results contrasted with spatially distributed power decreases in the beta range (12-30 Hz). These results confirm the importance of fine-scale functional distinctions within the human frontal lobe, and pave the way for increased precision of functional mapping in tumor surgeries

4d N=2 Gauge Theories and Quivers: the Non-Simply Laced Case

We construct the BPS quivers with superpotential for the 4d N=2 gauge theories with non-simply laced Lie groups (B_n, C_n, F_4 and G_2). The construction is inspired by the BIKMSV geometric engineering of these gauge groups as non-split singular elliptic fibrations. From the categorical viewpoint of arXiv:1203.6743, the fibration of the light category L(g) over the (degenerate) Gaiotto curve has a monodromy given by the action of the outer automorphism of the corresponding unfolded Lie algebra. In view of the Katz--Vafa `matter from geometry' mechanism, the monodromic idea may be extended to the construction of (Q, W) for SYM coupled to higher matter representations. This is done through a construction we call specialization.Comment: 42 pages, 2 figure