Effects of degree distribution in mutual synchronization of neural networks

We study the effects of the degree distribution in mutual synchronization of two-layer neural networks. We carry out three coupling strategies: large-large coupling, random coupling, and small-small coupling. By computer simulations and analytical methods, we find that couplings between nodes with large degree play an important role in the synchronization. For large-large coupling, less couplings are needed for inducing synchronization for both random and scale-free networks. For random coupling, cutting couplings between nodes with large degree is very efficient for preventing neural systems from synchronization, especially when subnetworks are scale-free.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figure

A New Method to Calculate Electromagnetic Impedance Matching Degree in One-Layer Microwave Absorbers

A delta-function method was proposed to quantitatively evaluate the electromagnetic impedance matching degree. Measured electromagnetic parameters of {\alpha}-Fe/Fe3B/Y2O3 nanocomposites are applied to calculate the matching degree by the method. Compared with reflection loss and quarter-wave principle theory, the method accurately reveals the intrinsic mechanism of microwave transmission and reflection properties. A possible honeycomb structure with promising high-performance microwave absorption according to the method is also proposed.Comment: 13 pages, 3 figure

Asymptotic quasinormal modes of scalar field in a gravity's rainbow

In the context of a gravity's rainbow, the asymptotic quasinormal modes of the scalar perturbation in the quantum modified Schwarzschild black holes are investigated. By using the monodromy method, we calculated and obtained the asymptotic quasinormal frequencies, which are dominated not only by the mass parameter of the spacetime, but also by the energy functions from the modified dispersion relations. However, the real parts of the asymptotic quasinormal modes is still $T_H\ln 3$, which is consistent with Hod's conjecture. In addition, for the quantum corrected black hole, the area spacing is calculated and the result is independent of the energy functions, in spite of the area itself is energy dependence. And that, by relating the area spectrum to loop quantum gravity, the Barbero-Immirzi parameter is given and it remains the same as from the usual black hole

Open-source genomic analysis of Shiga-toxin–producing E. coli O104:H4

An outbreak caused by Shiga-toxin–producing Escherichia coli O104:H4 occurred in Germany in May and June of 2011, with more than 3000 persons infected. Here, we report a cluster of cases associated with a single family and describe an open-source genomic analysis of an isolate from one member of the family. This analysis involved the use of rapid, bench-top DNA sequencing technology, open-source data release, and prompt crowd-sourced analyses. In less than a week, these studies revealed that the outbreak strain belonged to an enteroaggregative E. coli lineage that had acquired genes for Shiga toxin 2 and for antibiotic resistance

JUNO Conceptual Design Report

The Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO) is proposed to determine the neutrino mass hierarchy using an underground liquid scintillator detector. It is located 53 km away from both Yangjiang and Taishan Nuclear Power Plants in Guangdong, China. The experimental hall, spanning more than 50 meters, is under a granite mountain of over 700 m overburden. Within six years of running, the detection of reactor antineutrinos can resolve the neutrino mass hierarchy at a confidence level of 3-4$\sigma$, and determine neutrino oscillation parameters $\sin^2\theta_{12}$, $\Delta m^2_{21}$, and $|\Delta m^2_{ee}|$ to an accuracy of better than 1%. The JUNO detector can be also used to study terrestrial and extra-terrestrial neutrinos and new physics beyond the Standard Model. The central detector contains 20,000 tons liquid scintillator with an acrylic sphere of 35 m in diameter. $\sim$17,000 508-mm diameter PMTs with high quantum efficiency provide $\sim$75% optical coverage. The current choice of the liquid scintillator is: linear alkyl benzene (LAB) as the solvent, plus PPO as the scintillation fluor and a wavelength-shifter (Bis-MSB). The number of detected photoelectrons per MeV is larger than 1,100 and the energy resolution is expected to be 3% at 1 MeV. The calibration system is designed to deploy multiple sources to cover the entire energy range of reactor antineutrinos, and to achieve a full-volume position coverage inside the detector. The veto system is used for muon detection, muon induced background study and reduction. It consists of a Water Cherenkov detector and a Top Tracker system. The readout system, the detector control system and the offline system insure efficient and stable data acquisition and processing.Comment: 328 pages, 211 figure

Pairing symmetry and properties of iron-based high temperature superconductors

Pairing symmetry is important to indentify the pairing mechanism. The analysis becomes particularly timely and important for the newly discovered iron-based multi-orbital superconductors. From group theory point of view we classified all pairing matrices (in the orbital space) that carry irreducible representations of the system. The quasiparticle gap falls into three categories: full, nodal and gapless. The nodal-gap states show conventional Volovik effect even for on-site pairing. The gapless states are odd in orbital space, have a negative superfluid density and are therefore unstable. In connection to experiments we proposed possible pairing states and implications for the pairing mechanism.Comment: 4 pages, 1 table, 2 figures, polished versio

Prevalence, incidence and mortality of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy based on a population cohort of 21.9 million in China

There are limited studies on the prevalence and incidence of clinically diagnosed hypertrophic myocardiopathy (HCM) and its mortality in the Chinese population, and the projected population burden of HCM over the next decades. We collected data on HCM and its mortality from the Beijing Municipal Health Commission Information Center (BMHCIC) database and estimated the prevalence and incidence based on the whole Beijing population. Calculation of population trends was performed using annual percentage change (APC) and average annual percentage change (AAPC). Finally, future HCM incidence was built by modelling projection of HCM to the next decades using Poisson regression analysis and Gray Model 1,1(GM [1,1]). The prevalence of HCM was 0.0069% (95%CI, 0.0065–0.0072%; N = 1343) in 2010, rising to 0.076% (95% CI, 0.074–0.077%; N = 16,616) in 2019, and the incidence of HCM was 6.85 per 100 000 person-year in 2010, rising to 11.76 per 100 000 person-year in 2019. Males had higher prevalence and incidence of HCM than females. The APPC for the rising incidence of HCM was 5.8% and the expected numbers will double increase in 2029 by assuming the same increase trend as the last decades. HCM had increased annual incidence of HF (APPC: 8.4, 4.4–12.6, p  0.05) during the studied period. Males had lower mortality (2.70% vs. 4.20%, p < 0.001) than females. The calculated HCM prevalence was much lower compared to prior screening studies from 2004, although the predicted HCM incidence would double over the next decades. HCM was associated with a stable risk of mortality during the studied period

Performance analysis of zero-forcing coordinated MIMO transmission in interference channels

The performance of the zero-forcing (ZF) coordinated transmit strategy in multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) interference channels was investigated.With the goal to derive analytical expression of its performance metric such as the sum rate and the outage probability,the asymptotic behavior of the performance metric was examined with the MIMO dimension tending to infinity.Using the random ma ix theory,an asymptotic estimate of all the eigenvalues of the effective channel matrix in the ZF coordinated transmit strategy was first proposed.Based on that,two closed-form expressions of the sum rate were derived,from which the scaling law of the sum rate with the MIMO dimension was obtained.Furthermore,using the multivariate statistics about the probability density distribution of the minimum eigenvalue of a Wishart matrix,the analytical expression of the outage probability for the coordinated transmit scheme was achieved under two special cases.Simulation results show that the proposed tical expression of the performance metric is valid not only in the large-dimension regime,but also in the normal-dimension regime

Genetic effects on gene expression across human tissues

Characterization of the molecular function of the human genome and its variation across individuals is essential for identifying the cellular mechanisms that underlie human genetic traits and diseases. The Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) project aims to characterize variation in gene expression levels across individuals and diverse tissues of the human body, many of which are not easily accessible. Here we describe genetic effects on gene expression levels across 44 human tissues. We find that local genetic variation affects gene expression levels for the majority of genes, and we further identify inter-chromosomal genetic effects for 93 genes and 112 loci. On the basis of the identified genetic effects, we characterize patterns of tissue specificity, compare local and distal effects, and evaluate the functional properties of the genetic effects. We also demonstrate that multi-tissue, multi-individual data can be used to identify genes and pathways affected by human disease-associated variation, enabling a mechanistic interpretation of gene regulation and the genetic basis of disease.Postprint (published version

China’s market economy, shadow banking and the frequency of growth slowdown

The activity of the Shadow Banks in China has been the subject of considerable interest in recent years. Total shadow banking lending has reached over 60% of GDP and has grown faster than regular bank lending. It has been argued that unregulated shadow banking has fuelled a credit boom that poses a risk to the stability of the financial system. This paper estimates a model of the Chinese economy using a DSGE framework that accommodates a banking sector that isolates the effects of lending to the private sector including shadow bank lending. A refinement of the model allows for bank lending including lending by the shadow banks to affect the credit premium on private investment. The main finding is that while financial shocks are significant, it is real shocks that dominate. The model is used to simulate the frequency of growth slowdowns in China and concludes that these are more likely to be driven by real sector shocks rather than financial sector, including shadow bank shocks. This paper differs from other applications in its use of indirect inference to test the fitted model against a threeequation VAR of inflation, output gap and interest rate