Star-formation rate in compact star-forming galaxies

We use the data for the Hbeta emission-line, far-ultraviolet (FUV) and mid-infrared 22 micron continuum luminosities to estimate star formation rates averaged over the galaxy lifetime for a sample of about 14000 bursting compact star-forming galaxies (CSFGs) selected from the Data Release 12 (DR12) of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS). The average coefficient linking and the star formation rate SFR_0 derived from the Hbeta luminosity at zero starburst age is found to be 0.04. We compare s with some commonly used SFRs which are derived adopting a continuous star formation during a period of ~100 Myr, and find that the latter ones are 2-3 times higher. It is shown that the relations between SFRs derived using a geometric mean of two star-formation indicators in the UV and IR ranges and reduced to zero starburst age have considerably lower dispersion compared to those with single star-formation indicators. We suggest that our relations for determination are more appropriate for CSFGs because they take into account a proper temporal evolution of their luminosities. On the other hand, we show that commonly used SFR relations can be applied for approximate estimation within a factor of ~2 of the averaged over the lifetime of the bursting compact galaxy.Comment: 11 pages, 7 figures, accepted for publication in Astrophysics and Space Scienc

Lagrangian constraints and renormalization of 4D gravity

It has been proposed in \cite{Park:2014tia} that 4D Einstein gravity becomes effectively reduced to 3D after solving the Lagrangian analogues of the Hamiltonian and momentum constraints of the Hamiltonian quantization. The analysis in \cite{Park:2014tia} was carried out at the classical/operator level. We review the proposal and make a transition to the path integral account. We then set the stage for explicitly carrying out the two-loop renormalization procedure of the resulting 3D action. We also address a potentially subtle issue in the gravity context concerning whether renormalizability does not depend on the background around which the original action is expanded.Comment: 40 pages, 5 figures, minor corrections, version to appear in JHE

Basic Features of Global Circulation in the Mesopause Lower Thermosphere Region

D1 and D2 techniques have been used and are being used for observations at stations located in the high, middle, and low latitudes of both hemispheres. The systematical and wind velocity measurements with these techniques make it possible to specify and to refine earlier mesopause-lower thermosphere circulation models. With this in view, an effort was made to obtain global long term average height-latitude sections of the wind field at 70 to 110 km using the analysis of long period D1 and D2 observations. Data from 26 meteor radar and 6 ionospheric stations were taken for analysis

Indication for unsmooth horizon induced by quantum gravity interaction

The angular ADM reduction of the BTZ spacetime yields a Liouville-type theory. The analysis of the resulting Liouville theory naturally leads to identification of the stretched horizon. The dynamics associated with the stretched horizon has a feature that seems consistent with the unsmooth horizon; the quantum gravity effects are essential for the unsmoothness. We show that the "anomaly" term in the stress-energy tensor is responsible for the Planck scale energy experienced by an infalling observer.Comment: 14 pages, no figure, typos corrected, version to appear in EPJ