Gambaran Kadar Serum Serum Glutamic Oxaloacetic Transaminase (Sgot) Pada Perokok Aktif Usia > 40 Tahun

: Smoking has become habit and lifestyle for most of the people in daily life. Negative effects of smoking are abundant and no limit at all. Three dangerous compounds in cigarette could cause damage to liver and heart. When liver and heart cells damaged, Serum Glutamic Oxaloacetic Transaminase (SGOT) enzyme releases in blood and became an indicator of liver and heart damage. The purpose of this study was to identify the level of SGOT serum of smokers aged > 40 years old. Twenty eight smokers were eligible to this criteria and participated in this study. Cross sectional design with a descriptive method was employed in this study. Sanples were analysed in laboratory for SGOT serum levels. Research results showed that all respondents participated in the present study had a normal serum SGOT. It can be concluded that serum SGOT level of > 40 years old smokers in Kolombo village, West Bitung 2 were all normal

Gambaran Kadar High Density Lipoprotein Darah Pada Laki-laki Berusia 40-59 Tahun Dengan Indeks Massa Tubuh ≥23 Kg/m2

: High density lipoprotein (HDL) is a lipoprotein containing apo A-1, associated with other apolipoproteins. One of the HDL functions is as the reversed transporter of cholesterol in order to reduce cholesterol level in peripheral tissues. Low HDL cholesterol level is often related to obesity. High cholesterol level, obesity, and low HDL level are known as risk factors of coronary heart diseases. Overweight subjects have higher probabality for suffering from heart diseases and stroke. This study aimed to elaborate high density lipoprotein (HDL) levels in males aged 40-59 years with body mass index higher than 23 kg/m2. This study used consecutive sampling method. Total subjects involved in this study were 20 males who lived in Malalayang. The results showed that there were 11 subjects with normal HDL levels and nine subjects (45%) with low HDL levels (<45 mg/dL). No subjects had high HDL level. Nineteen subjects (95%) were classified as obesity and only one subject (5%) as overweight. Conclusion: Most of the males 40-59 aged with body mass index ≥23 kg/m2 who lived in Malalayang Manado has normal HDL level

Kadar Kalium Serum Pada Latihan Fisik Intensitas Sedang Mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sam Ratulangi

: Excessive body heat while doing physical exercise will be excreted by sweating. Potassium is one of the electrolyte compounds incorporated and washed away together with sweat. In turn, the excessive lost of potassium in sweat can decrease the concentration of extracellular potassium level. Physical exercise can also lead to an increase in serum potassium concentration. The present study was aimed to determine the differences of potassium level before and after physical exercise at moderate intensity at students year 2010 Faculty of Medicine Sam Ratulangi University. Thirty students (27 men and 3 women) were involved in the present pre-experimental study designed with pretest-posttest. Samples were colected using purposive sampling method and analyzed further using wilcoxon test. Data was collected by determine the serum potassium levels before and after moderate intensity physical exercise. Exercise is done in the form of fast walking on a treadmill to maintain heart rate target 64-76 % of maximum heart rate (200 - age) for 30 minutes. The result showed that the average of serum potassium levels before moderate intensity exercise was 4,253±0,3683 mEq/L, and the average of serum potassium levels after moderate intensity exercise was 4,363±0,3908 mEq/L. Wilcoxon test significance values ​​in this study were p=0.110 (p>0,05). It can be concluded that there was no difference of potassium level before and after physical exercise at moderate intensity at students year 2010 Faculty of Medicine Sam Ratulangi University

Kadar Natrium Serum Pada Latihan Fisik Intensitas Sedang Mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sam Ratulangi

: Sweat losses during exercise that is not balanced by adequate fluid intake can lead to increased concentrations of electrolytes, including sodium in the extracellular fluid. Excessive sweating can also cause loss of electrolytes, particularly sodium and chloride. Excessive sodium loss in sweat may cause a decrease in the concentration of sodium in the extracellular fluid. This study aimed to determine the differences of serum sodium levels before and after moderate intensity exercise in the students of the Faculty of Medicine, Sam Ratulangi University. This study was a pre-experimental with one group pre-post test design. Thirty respondents did brisk walking on the treadmill to maintain target heart rate 64-76% of maximum heart rate (200-age) for 30 minutes. The results showed that the average of serum sodium levels before moderate intensity exercise was 142,37±1,771 mEq/L, while after moderate intensity exercise was 143,07±1,639. Wilcoxon test significance value ​​in this study was p=0.033. The conclusion of this study is there are significant differences between serum sodium levels before and after moderate intensity exercise in the students of Faculty of Medicine, Sam Ratulangi University

Gambaran Asam Urat Serum Pada Vegetarian Lacto - Ovo

: Purine is generated through three mechanisms: de novo synthesis, salvage pathway, and food consumption. Most purine derived from food is converted to uric acid directly, without the occurrence of nucleic acid network. Lacto-ovo vegetarian is a lifestyle that consist of consuming food like vegetables, fruits, nuts, tofu, tempe plus milk and eggs. The intake of food in vegetarian lacto-ovo, some of them are high in purines. The purpose of this research is to describe serum uric acid levels in lacto-ovo vegetarians. This study used a cross sectional with a total sampling as the sampling method. There were 25 respondents that participated in this study. From 25 respondents found as many as seven respondents (28%) who had high uric acid levels and 18 respondent (72%) had serum uric acid levels in the normal range

Gambaran Kadar Apolipoprotein B (APO-B) Serum Pada Vegetarian Lacto-ovo

: Lacto-ovo vegetarian is the most common type of vegetarians in society. This type of vegetarian does not consume fish and meats, except eggs, milk, and its products. Apolipoprotein is a protein component of lipoprotein. Plasma lipoprotein is a complex macromolecule with a spherical form consists of specific lipid and protein. Apolipoprotein B (APO-B) is a main apolipoprotein in low density lipoprotein (LDL). It is also found in very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) and chylomicron. This study was aimed to obtain the description of serum apolipoprotein B (APO-B) levels in lacto-ovo vegetarians. This was a descriptive study with a cross sectional design. There were 15 respondents from Vihara Mandalatama Matreiya Manado obtained by using total sampling method. The results showed that 8 respondents (53.3%) had normal serum APO-B levels, 4 respondents (26.6%) had low serum APO-B levels, and 3 respondents (20%) had high serum APO-B levels. Conclusion: The majority of lacto-ovo vegetarians had normal levels of serum apolipoprotein B

Gambaran Kadar Fosfor Darah Pada Lanjut Usia 60-74 Tahun

: Phosphorus is the second most abundant mineral in human body which counts for 1% of weight. Eighty percents of phosphorus is found in bones and teeth, around 10% in blood and muscles, and 10% scattered in chemical compounds. Phosphorus is needed in bone and teeth classification, energy formation, absorption and transport of nutrients, acid-base balance, and as part of essential body tissues. This study aimed to obtain the phosphorus blood levels in elderly aged 60-74 years. This was a descriptive study with a cross-sectional design. Respondents were 26 people in Balai Penyantunan Lanjut Usia Senja Cerah (elderly housing) consisted of 11 males and 15 females. Blood samples were taken from vena without fasting. The phosphorus blood levels were examined by using molybdate UV method. The results showed that the mean blood phosphorus level was 3.4 mg/dL. The blood phosphorus levels were normal in 88.4% of respondents, below normal levels 7.7%, and above normal levels 3,8%. Conclusion: Most of the elderly at Balai Penyantunan Lanjut Usia Senja Cerah aged 60-74 years had normal blood phosphorus level