Influence of Quantum and Thermal Noise on Spin-Torque-Driven Magnetization Switching

We apply a recently developed quantum theory of spin transfer torque to study the effect of the quantum noise in spin transfer process on the magnetization switching in spin-torque-driven devices. The quantum noise induces considerable fluctuation of the switching time at zero temperature. By including the thermal noise, the temperature dependence of the expectation value and standard deviation of the switching time are obtained in the Monte Carlo simulations, and the results are fitted to an effective first passage model. We expect that the predictions here are observable in the single-shot measurement experiments.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figure

Population monotonicity, consistency and the random arrival rule

In bankruptcy problems we characterize the random arrival rule by means of CG-consistency and population monotonicity.