Cabraleahy­droxy­lactone from the leaves of Aglaia exima

Cabraleahy­droxy­lactone, C27H44O3, isolated from the leaves of Aglaia exima, has three six-membered rings fused together that adopt chair conformations. Its two five-membered rings are enveloped shaped. The hy­droxy group is in an axial position. It is a hydrogen-bond donor to the carbonyl O atom of an adjacent mol­ecule; the O—H⋯O inter­actions lead to the formation of a helical chain that runs along the b axis. There are two independent mol­ecules in the asymmetric unit

Enhanced activity and stability of Zr-promoted Pd/HZSM-5 catalyst for low-temperature methane combustion

A Zr-promoted Pd/HZSM-5 catalyst, prepared by an impregnation method, was found to possess high catalytic activity as well as thermal and hydrothermal stability for low-temperature methane combustion

The Effects of Type 2 Diabetes on Postoperative Pneumonia in Patients with Video-Assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery: A Retrospective Cohort Study

Xue-e Su,1 Yu-Shen Yang,1 Shan-Hu Wu,1 Hai-Jun Weng,1 He-Fan He,1 Bao-Yuan Xie2 1Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian Province, 362000, People’s Republic of China; 2Nursing Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian Province, 362000, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: He-Fan He, Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, No.34 North Zhongshan Road, Quanzhou, Fujian Province, 362000, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 15860905262, Email [email protected] Bao-Yuan Xie, Nursing Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, No.34 North Zhongshan Road, Quanzhou, Fujian Province, 362000, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 18174689901, Email [email protected]: The aim of the study was to investigate the relationship between type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and postoperative pneumonia (POP) after video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery, and explore the risk factors involved in the prediction of postoperative pneumonia in patients with T2DM.Patients and Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on 476 inpatients with video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) in The Second Hospital of Fujian Medical University between January 2019 and December 2023. Demographic information, clinical variables including surgical data and preoperative laboratory indices that potentially impact POP were included. Subgroup and logistic analysis were performed to demonstrate risk factors for POP in patients with T2DM.Results: The incidences of POP were higher in patients with T2DM than patients without this condition (T2DM 23.08% vs non-diabetes 10.54%, P< 0.001). Logistic analysis further demonstrated that T2DM [odds ratio (OR), 2.07, 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.13– 3.83] is an independent risk of POP after adjusting for sex, age, hospital stay, American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score, and tumor location. Thereafter, the subgroup analysis demonstrated that patients with T2DM in the setting of male gender, positive P53 and chemoradiotherapy displayed a higher incidence rate of POP. Subsequent logistic analysis indicated that sex and tumor location were independently associated with POP in patients with T2DM.Conclusion: Patients with T2DM who underwent VATS display a higher incidence of POP than those without this disease. Additionally, male gender and tumor location were independent risk factor for POP in patients with T2DM. Thus, male patients with T2DM, perioperative management should be improved and optimized for patient safety.Keywords: type 2 diabetes, postoperative pneumonia, video-assisted thoracoscopic surger

Epidemiological Characteristics of Foodborne Disease Outbreaks in a Hospital: A 5-Year Retrospective Study

Yang Yang,1,* Fang-Rong Xu,2,* Yi-Bo Zhou,3,* Li-Qing Hu,1 Wei Lu,1 Su-Hua Zhang,1 Han Hu,1 Xin-Er Huang1 1Department of Prevention and Health Care, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua, Zhejiang, 321000, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Clinical Nutrition, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua, Zhejiang, 321000, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua, Zhejiang, 321000, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Yang Yang, Department of Prevention and Health Care, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua, Zhejiang, 321000, People’s Republic of China, Email [email protected]: Foodborne disease outbreaks (FBDOs) pose a significant threat to public health globally, leading to substantial morbidity, mortality, and economic losses. However, the underlying causes and impacts of FBDOs often remain underexplored in specific regions, limiting the effectiveness of targeted prevention strategies.Methods: This study aimed to investigate the epidemiological characteristics, causes, and economic burden of FBDOs in Jinhua city, Zhejiang province, China, between 2018 and 2022. Data were collected from the national surveillance system, encompassing 63 FBDOs with 305 cases. FBD cases were defined as patients with diarrhea, vomiting, or toxic symptoms suspected to be caused by food consumption, with outbreaks referring to incidents where two or more individuals presented similar symptoms after consuming the same food. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze numerical and categorical variables, focusing on outbreak sources, pathogenic factors, and economic consequences.Results: Data analysis revealed that catering services were the most common source of FBDOs, likely due to the widespread consumption of prepared meals and potential lapses in hygiene. Approximately 50% of the outbreaks were linked to unidentified pathogens. The reported microorganisms, including Norovirus, Nontyphoidal Salmonella, and Vibrio parahaemolyticus, were among the target pathogens of the national surveillance system and are also recognized as common causes of FBDOs globally. Among the identified causes, Mushroom toxin (19.05%) was the leading factor, followed by Norovirus (12.70%) and Nontyphoidal Salmonella (6.35%). Norovirus caused the highest number of cases (52). The total economic burden of FBDOs was estimated at 228,078.74 yuan, with a median cost of 648.29 yuan per case. Two fatalities were attributed to wood ear and nitrite consumption.Discussion: The findings highlight high-risk foods and vulnerable populations, underscoring the significant public health and economic impacts of FBDOs. To address these challenges, enhanced surveillance systems, the establishment of regional laboratory centers, and the application of new diagnostic technologies are crucial. Collaborative efforts among governments, the food industry, and consumers are essential to strengthening food safety and reducing the burden of foodborne diseases.Keywords: foodborne disease outbreaks, epidemiology, economic burden, food safety, risk factors, pathogenic factor

Compositional Temporal Grounding with Structured Variational Cross-Graph Correspondence Learning

Temporal grounding in videos aims to localize one target video segment that semantically corresponds to a given query sentence. Thanks to the semantic diversity of natural language descriptions, temporal grounding allows activity grounding beyond pre-defined classes and has received increasing attention in recent years. The semantic diversity is rooted in the principle of compositionality in linguistics, where novel semantics can be systematically described by combining known words in novel ways (compositional generalization). However, current temporal grounding datasets do not specifically test for the compositional generalizability. To systematically measure the compositional generalizability of temporal grounding models, we introduce a new Compositional Temporal Grounding task and construct two new dataset splits, i.e., Charades-CG and ActivityNet-CG. Evaluating the state-of-the-art methods on our new dataset splits, we empirically find that they fail to generalize to queries with novel combinations of seen words. To tackle this challenge, we propose a variational cross-graph reasoning framework that explicitly decomposes video and language into multiple structured hierarchies and learns fine-grained semantic correspondence among them. Experiments illustrate the superior compositional generalizability of our approach. The repository of this work is at ht tps: / / gi thub. com/YYJMJC/ Composi tional- Temporal-Grounding

Y-Chromosome Evidence for Common Ancestry of Three Chinese Populations with a High Risk of Esophageal Cancer

High rates of esophageal cancer (EC) are found in people of the Henan Taihang Mountain, Fujian Minnan, and Chaoshan regions of China. Historical records describe great waves of populations migrating from north-central China (the Henan and Shanxi Hans) through coastal Fujian Province to the Chaoshan plain. Although these regions are geographically distant, we hypothesized that EC high-risk populations in these three areas could share a common ancestry. Accordingly, we used 16 East Asian-specific Y-chromosome biallelic markers (single nucleotide polymorphisms; Y-SNPs) and six Y-chromosome short tandem repeat (Y-STR) loci to infer the origin of the EC high-risk Chaoshan population (CSP) and the genetic relationship between the CSP and the EC high-risk Henan Taihang Mountain population (HTMP) and Fujian population (FJP). The predominant haplogroups in these three populations are O3*, O3e*, and O3e1, with no significant difference between the populations in the frequency of these genotypes. Frequency distribution and principal component analysis revealed that the CSP is closely related to the HTMP and FJP, even though the former is geographically nearer to other populations (Guangfu and Hakka clans). The FJP is between the CSP and HTMP in the principal component plot. The CSP, FJP and HTMP are more closely related to Chinese Hans than to minorities, except Manchu Chinese, and are descendants of Sino-Tibetans, not Baiyues. Correlation analysis, hierarchical clustering analysis, and phylogenetic analysis (neighbor-joining tree) all support close genetic relatedness among the CSP, FJP and HTMP. The network for haplogroup O3 (including O3*, O3e* and O3e1) showed that the HTMP have highest STR haplotype diversity, suggesting that the HTMP may be a progenitor population for the CSP and FJP. These findings support the potentially important role of shared ancestry in understanding more about the genetic susceptibility in EC etiology in high-risk populations and have implications for determining the molecular basis of this disease

Four Work-Ins by Australian Journalists, 1944-80

During industrial disputes with employers between 1944 and 1980 the Australian Journalist's Association occasionally turned to the tactic of the work-in, producing wild cat newspapers during strikes in Sydney. These newspapers (The News, and The Clarion) exemplified problematic elements of the work-in as a working-class strategy. While single incident studies of the work-in have been conducted in Australia, the Australian Journalist Association work-ins present a time series of struggle. This time series allows for a broader evaluation of the radical content of the work-in and indicates that the tactic can become systematised, less radical, and less participatory when not connected to a broader generation of workplace radical behaviour by workers. In short: the work-in, much like the strike or go slow, can become a tame cat tactic – it is not inherently transgressive or opposed to capitalist production. Expectedly, the first work-ins were more radical in scope, presenting a newspaper which fully duplicated the commodity produced under capitalist control and in some ways exceeded the scope presented by capitalist organised journalism in both a material and a cultural sense. However, this radical economic potential dissipated by the end of the time series of work-ins. Instead of providing an alternative commodity fit for market, the tactic produced propaganda pieces aimed primarily at the members of the community who would be predisposed to favour the journalist's case. The 1980s Clarion was not a daily newspaper of news, sport, racing, women's interest, classifieds, and general opinion. This change will be explained in terms of human causes such as skills loss, production process causes such as computerisation and wire services, and broader social causes such as the changing role of the newspaper in Australian society.The symposium is organised on behalf of AAHANZBS by the Business and Labour History Group, The University of Sydney, with the financial support of the University’s Faculty of Economics and Business

Vascular endothelial growth factor C promotes cervical cancer metastasis via up-regulation and activation of RhoA/ROCK-2/moesin cascade

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The elevated expression of vascular endothelial growth factor C (VEGF-C) is correlated with clinical cervical cancer metastasis and patient survival, which is interpreted by VEGF-C functions to stimulate angiogenesis and lymphatic genesis. However, the direct impact of VEGF-C on cervical cancer cell motility remains largely unknown.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>In this study, we investigated the effects of VEGF-C on actin cytoskeleton remodeling and on cervical cancer cell migration and invasion and how the actin-regulatory protein, moesin regulated these effects through RhoA/ROCK-2 signaling pathway.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>On cervical carcinoma cell line SiHa cells, exposure of VEGF-C triggered remodeling of the actin cytoskeleton and the formation of membrane ruffles, which was required for cell movement. VEGF-C significantly enhanced SiHa cells horizontal migration and three-dimensional invasion into matrices. These actions were dependent on increased expression and phosphorylation of the actin-regulatory protein moesin and specific moesin siRNA severely impaired VEGF-C stimulated-cell migration. The extracellular small GTPase RhoA/ROCK-2 cascade mediated the increased moesin expression and phosphorylation, which was discovered by the use of Y-27632, a specific inhibitor of Rho kinase and by transfected constitutively active, dominant-negative RhoA as well as ROCK-2 SiRNA. Furthermore, in the surgical cervical specimen from the patients with FIGO stage at cervical intra-epithelial neoplasia and I-II cervical squamous cell carcinoma, the expression levels of moesin were found to be significantly correlated with tumor malignancy and metastasis.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>These results implied that VEGF-C promoted cervical cancer metastasis by upregulation and activation of moesin protein through RhoA/ROCK-2 pathway. Our findings offer new insight into the role of VEGF-C on cervical cancer progression and may provide potential targets for cervical cancer therapy.</p

Introgression of Chromosome 3Ns from Psathyrostachys huashanica into Wheat Specifying Resistance to Stripe Rust

Wheat stripe rust is a destructive disease in the cool and humid wheat-growing areas of the world. Finding diverse sources of stripe rust resistance is critical for increasing genetic diversity of resistance for wheat breeding programs. Stripe rust resistance was identified in the alien species Psathyrostachys huashanica, and a wheat- P. huashanica amphiploid line (PHW-SA) with stripe rust resistance was reported previously. In this study, a P. huashanica 3Ns monosomic addition line (PW11) with superior resistance to stripe rust was developed, which was derived from the cross between PHW-SA and wheat J-11. We evaluated the alien introgressions PW11-2, PW11-5 and PW11-8 which were derived from line PW11 for reaction to new Pst race CYR32, and used molecular and cytogenetic tools to characterize these lines. The introgressions were remarkably resistant to CYR32, suggesting that the resistance to stripe rust of the introgressions thus was controlled by gene(s) located on P. huashanica chromosome 3Ns. All derived lines were cytologically stable in term of meiotic chromosome behavior. Two 3Ns chromosomes of P. huashanica were detected in the disomic addition line PW11-2. Chromosomes 1B of substitution line PW11-5 had been replaced by a pair of P. huashanica 3Ns chromosomes. In PW11-8, a small terminal segment from P. huashanica chromosome arm 3NsS was translocated to the terminal region of wheat chromosomes 3BL. Thus, this translocated chromosome is designated T3BL-3NsS. These conclusions were further confirmed by SSR analyses. Two 3Ns-specific markers Xgwm181 and Xgwm161 will be useful to rapidly identify and trace the translocated fragments. These introgressions, which had significant characteristics of resistance to stripe rust, could be utilized as novel germplasms for wheat breeding