Simulation of signalized intersection functioning with fuzzy control algorithm

In the course of research the fuzzy algorithm for traffic control at signalized intersection has been developed. Based on the results of simulating of intersection functioning during an hour and a day it has been established that using of developed fuzzy algorithm enables to reduce average and maximal queue lengths of vehicles before the intersection owing to adaptation of control system parameters to traffic flow volumes

Вдосконалення методів оцінки ефективності виділених смуг для громадського транспорту

There are different configurations of street and road networks in cities, which is why those transportation models that determine how effectively a public transport network is operated are different. Along with this, some transport areas may have characteristic features predetermined by the density of a street network, the intensity of individual and public traffic. The special feature of the current study is determining the operational effectiveness of dedicated lanes for public transport given a significant density of the main street and road network. Significant density is characterized by its value for the distance between adjacent intersections in the range of 150‒200 m. With such planning patterns, there is a mutual influence of the conditions of individual and public transport between adjacent intersections. An increase in the distance between intersections disrupts the stability of traffic flow through its disintegration into separate groups based on the dynamic characteristics of vehicles. A characteristic feature of the proposed procedure for evaluating the operational effectiveness of dedicated lanes is that the use of a GPS monitoring system makes it possible to relatively quickly determine the areas of the network where there are the greatest delays in movement in real time. After that, attention is focused on investigating the main factors of influence and their parameters followed by modeling. The reported results would in the future contribute to devising a clear sequence of transport-related research based on a set of their methods in order to acquire representative data and define adequate patterns. An important practical result is the use of not only established normative approaches to the design of dedicated lanes, which are common for all types of street and road networks but taking into consideration the peculiarities characteristic of their individual sections.Исходя из условий движения транспортных потоков, связанных с ростом уровня автомобилизации, в современных городах внедряются различные системы предоставления приоритета для общественного транспорта путем обустройства выделенных полос движения. Города имеют различную конфигурацию улично-дорожной сети, поэтому и транспортные модели, которые определяют эффективность функционирования сети общественного транспорта для них являются отличными. Наряду с этим, отдельные транспортные районы могут иметь характерные особенности, которые определяются плотностью сети улиц, интенсивностью движения индивидуального и общественного транспорта. Особенностью данного исследования является определение эффективности работы выделенных полос для общественного транспорта при значительной плотности магистральной улично-дорожной сети. Значительной плотностью считается ее значение при расстоянии между соседними перекрестками в пределах 150–200 м. При таких планировочных особенностях существует взаимное влияние условий движения индивидуального и общественного транспорта между смежными перекрестками. По увеличению расстояния между перекрестками устойчивость движения транспортного потока нарушается путем его распада на отдельные группы, исходя из динамических характеристик транспортных средств. Характерной особенностью предложенной методики по оценке эффективности работы выделенных полос движения является то, что с применением системы GPS-мониторинга можно относительно быстро определить участки сети, где есть самые большие задержки в движении в режиме реального времени. После этого внимание сосредоточивается на изучении основных факторов влияния и их параметров и осуществляется моделирование. Полученные результаты в дальнейшем будут способствовать формированию четкой последовательности проведения транспортных исследований на основе совокупности их методов с целью получения репрезентативных данных и адекватных закономерностей. Важным результатом для практики является использование не только устоявшихся нормативных подходов к проектированию обособленных полос, которые являются общими для всех типов улично-дорожной сети, а учет особенностей, присущих отдельным ее участкам.Міста мають різну конфігурацію вулично-дорожньої мережі, тому і транспортні моделі, які визначають ефективність функціонування мережі громадського транспорту, для них є відмінними. Поряд із цим, окремі транспортні райони можуть мати характерні особливості, які визначаються щільністю мережі вулиць, інтенсивністю руху індивідуального та громадського транспорту. Особливістю цього дослідження є визначення ефективності роботи виділених смуг для громадського транспорту при значній щільності магістральної вулично-дорожньої мережі. Під значною щільністю вважається її значення за відстані між сусідніми перехрестями в межах 150–200 м. При таких планувальних особливостях існує взаємний вплив умов руху індивідуального та громадського транспорту між суміжними перехрестями. Зі збільшення відстані між перехрестями стійкість руху транспортного потоку порушується шляхом його розпаду на окремі групи, виходячи із динамічних характеристик транспортних засобів. Характерною особливістю запропонованої методики з оцінки ефективності роботи виділених смуг руху є те, що із застосуванням системи GPS-моніторингу можна відносно швидко визначити ділянки мережі, де є найбільші затримки в русі у режимі реального часу. Після цього увага зосереджується на вивченні основних чинників впливу і їх параметрів та здійснюється моделювання. Отримані результати в подальшому сприятимуть формуванню чіткої послідовності проведення транспортних досліджень на основі сукупності їх методів з метою отримання репрезентативних даних і адекватних закономірностей. Важливим результатом для практики є використання не лише усталених нормативних підходів до проектування відокремлених смуг, які є загальними для всіх типів вулично-дорожньої мережі, а врахування особливостей, характерних окремим її ділянкам

Characteristics of motorization's impact on the urban population

It is known that the most important thing in maintaining the good health of citizens is to save their lives from possible fatal road accidents, ensure the cleanliness of the air space, isolation from excessive noise pollution, electromagnetic fields. The listed negative impacts generate intensive traffic flows, which are the main component of transport systems. The task of identifying the patterns of changes in motorization over the past five years has become important. Motoriization, as it was previously believed, is one of the characteristics of the well-being of the population. Growth is already accompanied in large cities by negative phenomena, such as: road accidents with loss of life; deterioration of air pool quality; excessive traffic noise; excessive electromagnetic fields that cause intense traffic flows. All these negative characteristics of the increase in the level of motorization formed the subject of this study. First of all, on the basis of statistical data, a chronological pattern of growth in the indicator of motorization has been found by year were revealed based of statistical data (they are described by showing filamentous and rectilinear equations): there is a constant increase for the period from 2017 to 2022. Functional dependencies of the influence of motorization levels on each of the hazards were also found: the influence of motorization on fatal road accidents and air pollution is described by exponential equations, and noise and electromagnetic ones are described by straight-line non-decreasing equations. Based on the obtained results, conclusions were drawn regarding the reduction of their impact by replacing conventional transport systems with intelligent transport systems with elements of artificial intelligence

The saturation flow volume as a function of the intersection passing speed

Different methods of calculating the saturation flow volume were examined. It was found that none of them considers the speed of vehicles passing through the intersection (intersection passing speed). For this reason we examined the effect including intersection passing speed has on the accuracy of assessing traffic conditions at intersections by including this parameter in tests run on VISSIM software. Our tests showed that accurately assessing the saturation flow volume depends on including intersection passing speed and the size of the intersection

Choice of the rational regimes of traffic light control for traffic and pedestrian flows

The method for the choice of rational regimes of traffic light control is developed based on the minimization of the number of violations the requirements of traffic light signals by pedestrians depending on the volume-capacity ratio of traffic lanes and control of vehicular queue on the approach to the stop-line. Assessment of rationality is carried out considering the simultaneous impact of such factors as roadway volume-capacity ratio, traffic light restrictive signal duration, the number of violations of the traffic rules by pedestrians, and maximal queue length of vehicles. The model of the change of the number of violations of the rules of crossing the roadway by pedestrians depending on the volume-capacity ratio of different intersection types is developed in this paper. The model of determining the maximal vehicular queue length before intersections depending on the volume-capacity ratio and the share of the restrictive signal on the lane in the control cycle is developed. Recommendations about the choice of rational regimes of traffic light control depending on traffic delay, planning parameters of the road network, and pedestrian behavior are proposed.</jats:p

Improvement of methods for assessing the effectiveness of dedicated lanes for public transport

There are different configurations of street and road networks in cities, which is why those transportation models that determine how effectively a public transport network is operated are different. Along with this, some transport areas may have characteristic features predetermined by the density of a street network, the intensity of individual and public traffic. The special feature of the current study is determining the operational effectiveness of dedicated lanes for public transport given a significant density of the main street and road network. Significant density is characterized by its value for the distance between adjacent intersections in the range of 150‒200 m. With such planning patterns, there is a mutual influence of the conditions of individual and public transport between adjacent intersections. An increase in the distance between intersections disrupts the stability of traffic flow through its disintegration into separate groups based on the dynamic characteristics of vehicles. A characteristic feature of the proposed procedure for evaluating the operational effectiveness of dedicated lanes is that the use of a GPS monitoring system makes it possible to relatively quickly determine the areas of the network where there are the greatest delays in movement in real time. After that, attention is focused on investigating the main factors of influence and their parameters followed by modeling. The reported results would in the future contribute to devising a clear sequence of transport-related research based on a set of their methods in order to acquire representative data and define adequate patterns. An important practical result is the use of not only established normative approaches to the design of dedicated lanes, which are common for all types of street and road networks but taking into consideration the peculiarities characteristic of their individual sections.</jats:p

Risk assessment during the transportation of dangerous goods considering the functional state of the driver

Increase in motorization and densification of populations in cities have led to the use of more resources both for the construction of different objects and for the service and operation of automotive vehicles. As a result, volumes of freight transportation, which are related to the construction and servicing of these objects, increase. New scientifically applied tasks that are related to the safety of freight transportation have emerged. Special attention is being paid to those that are related to dangerous tasks. It is obvious that traffic safety and the quality of the transportation process significantly depend on the behaviors and actions of the driver. The driver, as it is known, is the main chain of the “driver - automobile - road - environment” (DARE) system. With improvements in the technical and operational parameters of vehicles and road characteristics, the study of the functional state (FS) of the driver and the reliability of his skills become more important every time. The specific importance of this becomes clear when drivers operate vehicles that transport dangerous goods. Therefore, research on the interaction of chains of the DARE system (using improved existing and developed methods by the authors) is carried out in this paper, taking into account the indicators of drivers’ FS in different situations (stress index, which consists in evaluation of the heart and brain operations). The results obtained provide an opportunity to predict their behavior in different road situations and, as a consequence, to determine possible risks during the transportation of dangerous goods. The authors improved the methodology of determining the levels of possible risks of accidents and assessment of their consequences, taking into account the peculiarities of transportation routes, traffic conditions, and psychophysiological indicators of the driver`s body during the transportation of dangerous goods within settlements and on the roads between them