Letter of Intent: Jinping Neutrino Experiment

Jinping Neutrino Experiment (Jinping) is proposed to significantly improve measurements on solar neutrinos and geoneutrinos in China Jinping Laboratory - a lab with a number of unparalleled features, thickest overburden, lowest reactor neutrino background, etc., which identify it as the world-best low-energy neutrino laboratory. The proposed experiment will have target mass of 4 kilotons of liquid scintillator or water-based liquid scintillator, with a fiducial mass of 2 kilotons for neutrino-electron scattering events and 3 kilotons for inverse-beta interaction events. A number of initial sensitivities studies have been carried out, including on the transition phase for the solar neutrinos oscillation from the vacuum to the matter effect, the discovery of solar neutrinos from the carbon-nitrogen-oxygen (CNO) cycle, the resolution of the high and low metallicity hypotheses, and the unambiguous separation on U and Th cascade decays from the dominant crustal anti-electron neutrinos in China.Comment: Proposal for the Jinping Neutrino Experimen

Optimization of the rural domestic waste recycling network based on the path planning site selection model

IntroductionIn the context of rural revitalization strategies, effectively managing rural waste is a critical task for achieving ecological environmental sustainability. The current state of garbage collection and transportation is examined in this paper, focusing on the rural waste management practices in Dongfeng County, Liaoyuan City, Jilin Province, through mathematical modeling.MethodsBy analyzing the rural domestic waste collection network, the volume of waste generated at various points is fuzzified using the fuzzy mathematical theory.ResultsThe results of path optimization for waste collection and transportation were derived from a case study, demonstrating the feasibility and practicality of the rural domestic waste recycling network model.DicussionAdditionally, sensitivity analysis was conducted to assess the impact of changes on the total cost. Potential solutions for rural waste recycling and treatment are offered in this paper, providing valuable insights for the development of a rural domestic waste recycling network in Jilin Province

T3 and T4 autoantibodies: emerging biomarkers for evaluating thyroid disorders

Introduction and objectivesThe clinical significance of thyroid hormone autoantibodies, specifically triiodothyronine autoantibodies (T3-Ab) and thyroxine autoantibodies (T4-Ab), is not well understood due to current detection method limitations. This study investigated the clinical utility of T3-Ab and T4-Ab as biomarkers for thyroid function by developing a Magnetic Chemiluminescent Immunoassay (MCLIA) kit.MethodsA chemiluminescent immunoassay kit was developed using magnetic nanomicroparticles conjugated with T3 or T4 antigens. An indirect detection approach (magnetic microparticle antigen-target antibody-anti-human IgG antibody) was employed. Reference ranges were established using 415 serum samples from healthy individuals. Additionally, serum samples from 1,654 patients with various diseases were analyzed for T3-Ab and T4-Ab distribution levels and positive rates. Mass spectrometry and recovery experiments assessed potential interference of T3-Ab and T4-Ab with thyroid hormone detection.ResultsThe validation process confirmed the efficacy of the MCLIA kit in detecting serum T3-Ab and T4-Ab. The reference ranges for both antibodies were set at ≤ 1.0 AU/mL and showed no significant correlations with other thyroid markers, including FT3, FT4, TSH, TG, TG-Ab, TPO-Ab, or TR-Ab. Notably, T3-Ab and T4-Ab levels interfered with FT3 and FT4 detection, especially in competitive chemiluminescent immunoassays. Elevated levels of T3-Ab and T4-Ab were found in patients undergoing immune checkpoint blockade therapy.ConclusionsThis study presents the first MCLIA kit for detecting T3-Ab and T4-Ab in human serum, revealing their potential as thyroid disorder biomarkers, particularly in cancer patients undergoing immune checkpoint blockade therapy, where they interfere with thyroid hormone measurements

Fabrication of biodegradable hollow microsphere composites made of polybutylene adipate co-terephthalate/polyvinylpyrrolidone for drug delivery and sustained release

Sustained drug release has attracted increasing interest in targeted drug therapy. However, existing methods of drug therapy suffer drug action time, large fluctuations in the effective concentration of the drug, and the risk of side effects. Here, a biodegradable composite of polybutylene adipate co-terephthalate/polyvinylpyrrolidone (PBAT/PVP) consisting of electrospun hollow microspheres as sustained-released drug carriers is presented. The as-prepared PBAT/PVP composites show faster degradation rate and drug (Erlotinib) release than that of PBAT. Furthermore, PBAT/PVP composites loaded with Erlotinib provide sustained release effect, thus achieving a better efficacy than that after the direct injection of erlotinib due to the fact that the composites allow a high drug concentration in the tumor for a longer period. Hence, this work provides a potential effective solution for clinical drug therapy and tissue engineering using drug microspheres with a sustained release.publishedVersio

Expected geoneutrino signal at JUNO using local integrated 3-D refined crustal model

Geoneutrinos serve as a potent tool for comprehending the radiogenic power and composition of Earth. Although geoneutrinos have been observed in prior experiments, the forthcoming generation of experiments,such as JUNO, will be necessary for fully harnessing their potential. Precise prediction of the crustal contribution is vital for interpreting particlephysics measurements in the context of geo-scientific inquiries. Nonetheless, existing models such as JULOC and GIGJ have limitations in accurately forecasting the crustal contribution. This paper introduces JULOCI, the novel 3-D integrated crustal model of JUNO, which employs seismic, gravity, rock sample, and heat flow data to precisely estimate the geoneutrino signal of the lithosphere. The model indicates elevated concentrations of uranium and thorium in southern China, resulting in unexpectedly strong geoneutrino signals.The accuracy of JULOC-I, coupled with a decade of experimental data, affords JUNO the opportunity to test multiple mantle models. Once operational, JUNO can validate the model predictions and enhance the precision of mantle measurements. All in all, the improved accuracy ofJULOC-I represents a substantial stride towards comprehending the geochemical distribution of the South China crust, offering a valuable tool for investigating the composition and evolution of the Earth through geoneutrinos.Comment: Substantial updates on the model and predictions, submitted versio