Inducing and Manipulating Heteroelectronic States in a Single MoS2 Thin Flake

By dual gating a few-layer MoS2 flake, we induce spatially separated electronic states showing superconductivity and Shubnikov–de Haas (SdH) oscillations. While the highly confined superconductivity forms at the K/K′ valleys of the topmost layer, the SdH oscillations are contributed by the electrons residing in the Q/Q′ valleys of the rest of the bottom layers, which is confirmed by the extracted Landau level degeneracy of 3, electron effective mass of 0.6me, and carrier density of 5×10^12  cm^−2. Mimicking conventional heterostructures, the interaction between the heteroelectronic states can be electrically manipulated, which enables “bipolarlike” superconducting transistor operation. The off-on-off switching pattern can be continuously accessed at low temperatures by a field effect depletion of carriers with a negative back gate bias and the proximity effect between the top superconducting layer and the bottom metallic layers that quenches the superconductivity at a positive back gate bias

Interpersonal Meaning in Textbooks for Teaching English as a Foreign Language in China: A Multimodal Approach

There is increasing awareness among linguists that discourse analysis inevitably involves analyses of meanings arising from the combination of multiple modes of communication. The evolving multimodal pedagogic environment for teaching English as a foreign language (henceforth EFL), among other communicative contexts, calls for a social, semiotic, and linguistic explanation. Situated within the theoretical landscape of social semiotics and in the pedagogic context of EFL education, the present study aims to elucidate how linguistic and visual semiotic resources are co-deployed to construe interpersonal meaning in multimodal textbooks. The data drawn upon are eighteen EFL textbooks for primary and secondary schooling, published by People’s Education Press between 2002 and 2006. The research design consists of three complementary sub-studies. First, it investigates the ways in which the semantic regions of ENGAGEMENT and GRADUATION can be modelled in multimodal texts, with special reference to the interplay of voices in textbook discourse. The second sub-study analyzes how verbal and visual semiotic resources are co-deployed to construe the ‘emotion and attitude’ goal highlighted in curriculum standards, with a particular focus on verbiage-image relations. Third, it extends the linguistic concept ‘modality’ to multimodal discourse, exploring coding orientation in texts for different educational contexts and between different constituent genres. The main findings of this thesis are as follows: (1) A range of multimodal resources (i.e. labelling, dialogue balloon, jointly-constructed text, illustration and highlighting) are identified as enabling editor voice to negotiate meanings with reader voice and character voice. It is found that the way in which an ENGAGEMENT value can be scaled is strongly associated with the intrinsic property of the given multimodal resource. The interaction between multiple voices is closely related to contact, social distance, and point of view. (2) It is shown that images play an essential role in realizing attitudinal meanings. Together with verbal APPRAISAL resources, visual semiotic features work to position the readers in ways that align them to set pedagogic goals, guiding them in completing jointly-constructed texts. Moreover, an attitudinal shift from an emotional release to a more institutionalized type of evaluation can be identified as students advance through the school years. (3) It is argued that what counts as real in multimodal texts is socially defined and specific to a given communicative context. The nature of pedagogic discourse should be taken into account when visual displays are produced for pedagogic materials. The implications of this study include both theoretical and pedagogic aspects。Theoretically it adapts and extends APPRAISAL analysis to multimodal discourse, exploring the intersemiotic complementarity and co-instantiation in construing global evaluative stance. This semiotic exploration, in return, suggests ways in which discourse analysis may help textbook users better understand and interpret the multimodal features. With the affordances as well as limitations of semiotic resources made explicit, we may have one step further towards a comprehensive and critical understanding of multimodal construal of interpersonal meaning in pedagogic materials

Sparse representation for pose invariant face recognition

Face recognition is easily affected by pose angle. In order to improve the obustness to pose angle, we need to solve the pose estimation, face synthesis and recognition problem. Sparse representation can represent a face image with linear combination of atom faces. In this paper, we construct different pose dictionaries using face images captured under the same pose angle to estimate pose angle and synthesize front face images for recognition. Experimental results show that sparse representation can estimate pose angle accurately, synthesize near frontal faces very well and significantly improve the recognition rate for large pose angles

Blood levels of maternal serum corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) at mid-pregnancy : which maternal characteristics are influential?

Thesis (M.S.)--Michigan State University. Epidemiology, 2008Includes bibliographical references (pages 28-32

A Near Infrared Study of the Heteroassociation of 2-Phenyl-2-Propanol With Four Lewis Bases

This research involved a thermodynamic investigation of the heteroassociation of 2-phenyl-2-propanol with four Lewis bases (pyridine, benzophenone, acetone, and dimethyl sulfoxide) in carbon tetrachloride solution using the near infrared spectroscopic method. The first overtone peak of the free 0-H stretching frequency was employed in this study to measure the equilibrium concentration of the non-associated 2-phenyl-2-propanol. The equilibrium concentrations of other substances involved in the reaction were then calculated stoichiometrically and an equilibrium constant Keq was obtained. By measuring the Keq at various temperatures and drawing the plot of Ln Keq vs. 1/T, the enthalpy change and entropy change were obtained from the slope and the intercept, respectively. In addition, the E and C values for the Double Scale Equation for 2-phenyl-2-propanol were tentatively established

Using Granule to Search Privacy Preserving Voice in Home IoT Systems

The Home IoT Voice System (HIVS) such as Amazon Alexa or Apple Siri can provide voice-based interfaces for people to conduct the search tasks using their voice. However, how to protect privacy is a big challenge. This paper proposes a novel personalized search scheme of encrypting voice with privacy-preserving by the granule computing technique. Firstly, Mel-Frequency Cepstrum Coefficients (MFCC) are used to extract voice features. These features are obfuscated by obfuscation function to protect them from being disclosed the server. Secondly, a series of definitions are presented, including fuzzy granule, fuzzy granule vector, ciphertext granule, operators and metrics. Thirdly, the AES method is used to encrypt voices. A scheme of searchable encrypted voice is designed by creating the fuzzy granule of obfuscation features of voices and the ciphertext granule of the voice. The experiments are conducted on corpus including English, Chinese and Arabic. The results show the feasibility and good performance of the proposed scheme

Research on the reaction of furil with ammonium acetate

The direct reaction of furil with ammonium acetate in refluxing glacial acetic acid under the absence of appropriate aldehydes was systematically studied. The principal product with furan rings and imidazole ring 2,4,5-tri(furan-2-yl)-1H-imidazole (I) was obtained in moderate yield, and two new byproducts containing furan rings were successfully purified by C18 reversed phase column. All compounds were characterized by elemental analysis, MS, IR, 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy. The structure of I was further confirmed by the 13C-1H COSY spectroscopy. The putative reaction mechanism via stable 1,2-di(furan-2-yl)ethane-1,2-diimine, furan-2-yl-(2,4,5-tri-furan-2-yl-2H-imidazol-2-yl)-methanone and intermediate 5 traced by GC-MS was proposed

The Analysis of Curved Beam Using B-Spline Wavelet on Interval Finite Element Method

A B-spline wavelet on interval (BSWI) finite element is developed for curved beams, and the static and free vibration behaviors of curved beam (arch) are investigated in this paper. Instead of the traditional polynomial interpolation, scaling functions at a certain scale have been adopted to form the shape functions and construct wavelet-based elements. Different from the process of the direct wavelet addition in the other wavelet numerical methods, the element displacement field represented by the coefficients of wavelets expansions is transformed from wavelet space to physical space by aid of the corresponding transformation matrix. Furthermore, compared with the commonly used Daubechies wavelet, BSWI has explicit expressions and excellent approximation properties, which guarantee satisfactory results. Numerical examples are performed to demonstrate the accuracy and efficiency with respect to previously published formulations for curved beams