Strategies for prevention of road traffic injuries (RTIs) in Pakistan: situational analysis.

Road traffic injuries (RTIs) are one of the leading causes of death among productive age group. Using systems approach framework (SAF), current preventive strategies for RTI control were reviewed in Pakistan. A review of the literature was done using four international search engines. Only ten studies on preventive strategies for RTI stemming from Pakistan were found. The first Road Traffic Injuries Research Network (RTIRN) surveillance system for road traffic injuries was established in urban city (Karachi) in Pakistan has shown promise for injury control and should be scaled up to other cities. Enforcement of traffic laws on seat-belt and helmet wearing is poor. National Highway and Motorway Police Ordinance (2000) was one of the few legislative measure so far taken in Pakistan. Using SAF, efforts are required to implement interventions targeting human, vehicle design and also making environment safer for road users

Asbestos risk assessment in Pakistan: Current scenario and way forward

[No abstract available

Engaging general practitioners in public–private mix tuberculosis DOTS program in an urban area in Pakistan need for context-specific approach

A public–private mix tuberculosis (TB) DOTS project was implemented to enhance coverage and collaboration between the public and private sectors, with an objective to increase case detection and to improve TB case management in a large urban area. General practitioners (GPs) were trained to provide DOTS services. Patients were diagnosed and treated as per national guidelines and outcomes were reported to national TB control program. Treatment and sputum microscopy were provided free of cost. A total of 94 GPs were trained. In all, 57.4% of trained GPs remained actively involved in the project. Overall treatment success rate of the patients enrolled with the project was 86.3% with 8.7% default patients. Experience suggests that a more stringent selection criteria need to be followed for inclusion of GPs in the program to improve the success of the program. A multifaceted context specific approach is needed while working with private health care providers

Sustainable synthesis of graphene-based materials and applications

Adeel Zafar manufactured graphene and graphene-composites at ambient conditions from plant extracts, and for the first time nitrogen-doped graphene-oxide using a single step is fabricated. He developed electrochemical sensors for the detection of various insecticides and pesticides. This work is significant to achieve sustainability in the field of nanotechnology

Job Interactivity Using a Steering Service in an Interactive Grid Analysis Environment

Grid computing has been dominated by the execution of batch jobs. Interactive data analysis is a new domain in the area of grid job execution. The Grid-Enabled Analysis Environment (GAE) attempts to address this in HEP grids by the use of a Steering Service. This service will provide physicists with the continuous feedback of their jobs and will provide them with the ability to control and steer the execution of their submitted jobs. It will enable them to move their jobs to different grid nodes when desired. The Steering Service will also act autonomously to make steering decisions on behalf of the user, attempting to optimize the execution of the job. This service will also ensure the optimal consumption of the Grid user's resource quota. The Steering Service will provide a web service interface defined by standard WSDL. In this paper we have discussed how the Steering Service will facilitate interactive remote analysis of data generated in Interactive Grid Analysis Environment

EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS OF LEWIS RANIS-FEI MODEL IN PAKISTAN

The study focuses on stage of Lewis Ranis-Fei model, role of capital accumulation in economic growth and impact of labour reallocation in economic development. Using  time series data from 1984 to 2013 the study develops a Cobb Douglas production function of agriculture and non agriculture sector. Sectoral growth decomposition approach was used to reveal the contribution of factors of production in economic growth. Labour reallocation was estimated by labour reallocation equation to investigate its effect on economic growth. Further it also indicates the stage of economic development. The study found that the role of capital accumulation in agriculture and non agriculture sector was highly significant where as the role of labour reallocation was very low in economic development. Further the study reveals that Pakistan stands on the first stage of Lewis Ranis-Fei model where  MPL is lower than APL

Conservation of East Asia\u27s Coastlines : The Role Played by the United Nations University

Abstracts of 3rd UNU-ORI joint international workshop for marine environment海洋環境国際ワークショップ講演要

Analysis of the potential for anaerobic composting of a particulate industrial waste

The potential of anaerobically producing a compost from a particulate industrial waste containing a high concentration of suspended solids was studied. Utilizing centrifugation to concentrate the solids, batch tests were conducted at high initial Total Suspended Solids (TSS₁) concentrations (15% to 35% TSS₁) to simulate composting systems. A number of parameters including biogas production and its methane content, variation in COD, rate of solubilization, concentration of volatile acids, variation in organic carbon, and destruction of volatile solids were monitored to evaluate degradability. The batch tests were conducted at both mesophilic and thermophilic temperatures, and the particulate waste showed significant degradation in all cases. The biogas production rates for these batch tests were lower than reported for typical high-solids anaerobic digestion systems. The thermophilic systems were shown to be better performers in terms of methane generation, solubilization of particulates, volatile solids destruction, and acetic acid uptake

Extract and Characterize Hairpin Vortices in Turbulent Flows

Hairpin vortices are one of the most important vortical structures in turbulent flows. Extracting and characterizing hairpin vortices provides useful insight into many behaviors in turbulent flows. However, hairpin vortices have complex configurations and might be entangled with other vortices, making their extraction difficult. In this work, we introduce a framework to extract and separate hairpin vortices in shear driven turbulent flows for their study. Our method first extracts general vortical regions with a region-growing strategy based on certain vortex criteria (e.g., $\lambda_2$) and then separates those vortices with the help of progressive extraction of ($\lambda_2$) iso-surfaces in a top-down fashion. This leads to a hierarchical tree representing the spatial proximity and merging relation of vortices. After separating individual vortices, their shape and orientation information is extracted. Candidate hairpin vortices are identified based on their shape and orientation information as well as their physical characteristics. An interactive visualization system is developed to aid the exploration, classification, and analysis of hairpin vortices based on their geometric and physical attributes. We also present additional use cases of the proposed system for the analysis and study of general vortices in other types of flows.Comment: Accepted for presentation at IEEE VIS 2023. The paper will appear in IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphic