SUITABILITY ASSESSMENT OF GROUNDWATER QUALITY FOR DRINKING PURPOSES

The groundwater status of Northwestern Bangladesh is a complex and challenging issue due to its arid and semi-arid climates, increasing population, overexploitation for domestic and irrigation purposes, lack of adequate rainfall, and limited water resources. The study aimed to assess the suitability and health risk of groundwater quality for drinking purposes. A total of one hundred groundwater samples were collected from shallow tubewells in two seasons, the monsoon (MON) and post-monsoon (POM), in northwestern Bangladesh (Ganges River basin) and analyzed using standard methods of analysis (Atomic adsorption spectrometry, UV-visible spectrometry, graphite, ion chromatography). The trends of predominant cations were Ca2+ \u3e Na+ \u3e Mg2+ \u3e K+, and anions were HCO3− \u3e Cl− \u3e SO42− \u3e NO3− \u3e PO43- in both seasons. The dominant cation and anion are Ca2+ and HCO3−, and the water type of the groundwater was Ca-Mg-HCO3. Contamination of trace metals, including Fe, Mn, and Pb, in the groundwater of the study area follows the trend of Fe \u3e Mn \u3e Pb in two seasons. The study observed that the POM showed a higher concentration of trace metals than the MON season. The results indicated that a higher concentration of Cr, Fe, Mn, Ni, and Pb, as well as the WQI, HMPI, HMEI, and CD posed threats to human health. The quality of the studied samples is poor to undrinkable. The non-carcinogenic risk to human health was not found for both adults and children in both seasons. The study observed that over-extraction, pollution, trace metals, low rainfall, and climate change threaten groundwater quality and availability. The study suggests that groundwater is unfit for human consumption without treatment, particularly for Fe, Mn, and Pb

Multi-model ensemble projection of mean and extreme streamflow of Brahmaputra River Basin under the impact of climate change

Abstract The streamflow of Brahmaputra River Basin is vital for sustainable socioeconomic development of the Ganges delta. Frequent floods and droughts in the past decades indicate the susceptibility of the region to climate variability. Although there are multiple studies investigating the basin's future water availability, most of those are based on limited climate change scenarios despite the wide range of uncertainties in different climate model projections. This study aims to provide a better estimation of projected future streamflow for a combination of 18 climate change scenarios. We develop a hydrologic model of the basin and simulate the future water availability based on these climate change scenarios. Our results show that the simulated mean annual, mean seasonal and annual maximum streamflow of the basin is expected to increase in future. By the end of the 21st century, the projected increase in mean annual, mean dry season, mean wet season, and annual maximum streamflow is about 25, 178, 11, and 22%, respectively. We also demonstrate that this projected streamflow can be expressed as a multivariate linear regression of projected changes in temperature and precipitation in the basin and would be very useful for policy makers to make informed decision regarding climate change adaptation.</jats:p

A Pregnant Lady with Thyrotoxic Cardiomyopathy and Pulmonary Hypertension

Thyrotoxic cardiomyopathy is potentially life threatening complications of thyrotoxicosis during pregnancy due to its harmful effects both on mother and fetus. We present a case of 32-year-old pregnant lady presented with non-productive cough, palpitation, restlessness, sweating and weakness after minimum exertion with a small swelling on the right side of her neck for three months. There was tachycardia with normal blood pressure, first and second heart sound were soft with pansystolic murmur on mitral and tricuspid area. After all laboratory investigations, she was diagnosed as dilated cardiomyopathy with moderate to severe pulmonary hypertension with toxic multi nodular goiter with 13 weeks of pregnancy.The thyrotoxic cardiomyopathy during pregnancy is rare due to difficulties in diagnosis. However, physicians should be aware of the risk posed by thyrotoxic cardiomyopathy during pregnancy.&#x0D; KYAMC Journal Vol. 11, No.-1, April 2020, Page 54-56</jats:p