Comovement Between Pakistani Equity Market and BRICS Countries: An Investigation Through Co-Integration Analysis

This study is conducted to check the co-movement between the equity markets of BRICS countries that is Brazil, Russia, India and China with Pakistan. These countries are selected because they are world emerging markets. Co-movement is checked through co-integration analysis. Ten years monthly stock indices are taken for analysis that is from July 2006 to June 2016. No cointegration is found between Pakistani equity market and the BRICS countries. So, this favours the international portfolio investors. Furthermore, Brazilian market is found to be the most attractive market for the portfolio investors in order to maximize their wealth by minimizing their risk levels. The future research can be extended by using high frequency data in order to check the comovement and cointegration

Comovement Between Pakistani Equity Market and BRICS Countries: An Investigation Through Co-Integration Analysis

This study is conducted to check the co-movement between the equity markets of BRICS countries that is Brazil, Russia, India and China with Pakistan. These countries are selected because they are world emerging markets. Co-movement is checked through co-integration analysis. Ten years monthly stock indices are taken for analysis that is from July 2006 to June 2016. No cointegration is found between Pakistani equity market and the BRICS countries. So, this favours the international portfolio investors. Furthermore, Brazilian market is found to be the most attractive market for the portfolio investors in order to maximize their wealth by minimizing their risk levels. The future research can be extended by using high frequency data in order to check the comovement and cointegration

Effect of Leverage on Stock Returns and Systematic Risk: Evidence from Pakistani Industries

This paper evaluates the effect of leverage on stock returns and systematic risk in the corporate sector of Pakistan. It determines the relationship between leverage and systematic risk. Data was collected from eight industries such as; Cotton, Engineering, Chemicals, Sugar and Allied, Cement, Fuel and Energy, and transport and Communications. High leverage was experienced which leaded to high level of systematic risk and volatility in the stock prices

Equity Market Indicators as Drivers of Foreign Portfolio Investment in Pakistan

The study is about the factors responsible of attracting foreign portfolio investment (FPI) to Pakistan stock exchange (PSX). In this study the stock market factors of PSX have been explored to determine their short term and as well as long term association with the equity market indicators of PSX.</jats:p

Effect of Clinical and Lesional Characteristics On Side Branch Compromise During Provisional Bifurcation Stenting

Background :One of the most serious side effects of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for bifurcationlesions is major side branch (SB) blockage. PCI is used to treat coronary bifurcations lesions inabout 15-20% of cases. Because of the risk of SB compromise, PCI of coronary bifurcationlesions is frequently thought to be a difficult procedure.OBJECTIVE: The goal of this study was to investigate the clinical and lesional predictability ofsevere SB blockage during coronary bifurcation intervention.MATERIAL &amp; METHODS: It was a retrospective study performed at Cardiac CatheterizationLab, Punjab Institute of Cardiology, Lahore. It was a six months study from 15th April 2022 to14th Oct, 2022. 93 patients enrolled using non-probability sampling technique. Patients betweenthe ages of 30 and 70 of either gender, with coronary bifurcation lesions undergoing PCI and atleast one significant SB were included. Data was entered in the predesigned proforma. SPSSversion 24 was used to analyze our data.RESULTS: In our study a total of 93 patients were enrolled, the mean age of the cases was53.30 ± 1.12. There were 68 (73%) male and 25 (27%) females in our study. There were 52(56%) diabetic, 50 (54%) hypertensive, 63 (68%) smokers and 42 (45%) hypercholestrolemicpatients were present in our study. In our study 36 (39%) patients were found with family historyof CAD and 6 (7%) patients found with recent MI. LAD was most frequently utilized bifurcationlesion in our study. The mean of lesion length was 28.82 ± 10.91 in this study. SB angle was 41º-50º in most of the cases 20 (22%), side branch diameter stenosis post MV stenting was 70-75%in 40 (43%) cases. Medina classification 1,1,1 was found in 43 (46%) cases. In 62 (67%) casesno side branch jailing was observed. Side branch predilatation before MV stenting was found in72 (77%) cases. Need of stenting in SB was found in 60 (65%) cases. Most frequently usedtechnique for SB provisional stenting was DK crush and mini crush in this study.Keywords: Bifurcation Lesions, SB, PCI</jats:p

Effects of Different Strategies on High Thrombus Burden in Patients with ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction Undergoing Primary Percutaneous Coronary Catheterization

Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate the impact of thrombus aspiration and intracoronary-targeted thrombolysis on myocardial perfusion. The study also analyses the effect of different technological approaches on ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients undergoing primary percutaneous catheterization (IMR and SPECT). Study Design: Randomized control trial Place and Duration: Cardiology Department of Punjab institute of cardiology Lahore from September 2021 to September 2022. Methodology: Sixty six STEMI patients of either gender were enrolled in this study. Detailed demographics were recorded after taking informed written consent. All the patients were equally divided into two groups (TA and IT group) 33 patients in each group. Blood samples from the venous veins were collected for routine laboratory examinations, biochemical tests included blood sugar test, lipid profile test, C reactive protein test, liver and kidney function tests, myocardial indicators as troponin I and blood tests for other organs. Vital sign changes and intracoronary thrombolysis were investigated intensively when the drug was injected. Additionally, patients in the TA group would get an extra 5 or 10mg of Pro-UK if there was a residual thrombus and they had repeated thrombus aspirations utilizing Export AP. SPSS software 24.0 was used for the data analysis. Results: The analysis showed that the IT group has greater values of thrombus burden, TIMI myocardial perfusion %, and TIMI frame count. The statistical analysis revealed that during the 90-day follow-up, there is no change in MACEs or heart function was observed. The values of 12-month follow-up illustrated that there is significant differences in the infarct size assessed by SPECT, the left ventricular ejection fraction evaluated by echocardiography, and the composite MACEs between the 2 groups (P=0.034). Conclusion: Effective therapies include intracoronary-targeted thrombolysis and thrombus aspiration and safe ways to treat STEMI patients with an increased coronary thrombus burden. Keywords: ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction, Primary Percutaneous Coronary Catheterization, Thrombus Aspiration, Thrombolysis</jats:p

Zinc source modulates zootechnical characteristics, intestinal features, humoral response, and paraoxonase (PON1) activity in broilers

The current experiment was performed to find the potential effect of inorganic and organic forms of zinc (Zn) on growth, intestinal histomorphology, immune response, and paraoxonase (PON1) activity in broiler. In this experiment, a total of 450 broiler chickens were assigned to four experimental and control groups. The birds received organic Zn at the rate of 50&nbsp;mg/kg (OZ-50) and 60&nbsp;mg/kg (OZ-60) or inorganic Zn at the rate of 50&nbsp;mg/kg (IZ-50) and 60&nbsp;mg/kg (IZ-60) for an experimental period of 30&nbsp;days. Significantly (P &lt; 0.05) higher feed consumption, body weight, feed conversion ratio, and production efficiency factor (PEF) were recorded in OZ-50. Similarly, antibody titer against infectious bronchitis (IB) and PON1 activity was higher (P &lt; 0.05) in OZ-50 compared with the control group. In addition, significantly (P &lt; 0.05) higher villus dimensions and goblet cell count were recorded for the group OZ-50 compared with other treatments. It was concluded that the organic form of Zn was superior in improving the growth, histological features of intestines, humoral response, and PON1 activity in broiler