Mass Spectrometry as a Crucial Analytical Basis for Omics Sciences

Abstract: This review is devoted to the consideration of mass spectrometric platforms as applied to omics sciences. The most significant attention is paid to omics related to life sciences (genomics, proteomics, meta-bolomics, lipidomics, glycomics, plantomics, etc.). Mass spectrometric approaches to solving the problems of petroleomics, polymeromics, foodomics, humeomics, and exosomics, related to inorganic sciences, are also discussed. The review comparatively presents the advantages of various principles of separation and mass spectral techniques, complementary derivatization, used to obtain large arrays of various structural and quantitative information in the mentioned omics sciences. © 2021, Pleiades Publishing, Ltd

A “soft” ionization mass spectrometric study of organic sulfides as sulfonium salts

Preliminary conversion of nonpolar organic sulfides into sulfonium salts was proposed for their study and analysis by laser desorption/ionization (MALDI and SALDI) and electrospray/ionization (ESI) mass spectrometry. General possibilities of the methodology proposed were demonstrated on examples of dialkyl sulfides, substituted thiacyclanes, dibenzothiophene, and methionine methyl ester. Various alkyl and aralkyl halides, as well as trimethyl- and triethyloxonium salts were tested as alkylating agents. S-alkylation was shown to proceed quantitatively under mild conditions. MALDI and SALDI mass spectra (a matrix-free nanostructurized target was used in SALDI experiments) displayed only ion peaks corresponding to sulfonium cations whose mass numbers were equal to the sum of molecular weights of sulfides and weight increments of the introduced alkyl and aralkyl groups. Trans-alkylation was observed for benzyl-substituted sulfides. Tandem mass spectrometry provided preliminary data on the fragmentation of ESI-generated sulfonium cations and demonstrated differences in the MS/MS spectra of regioisomers. © 2016, Pleiades Publishing, Ltd

A “soft” ionization mass spectrometric study of organic sulfides as sulfonium salts

Preliminary conversion of nonpolar organic sulfides into sulfonium salts was proposed for their study and analysis by laser desorption/ionization (MALDI and SALDI) and electrospray/ionization (ESI) mass spectrometry. General possibilities of the methodology proposed were demonstrated on examples of dialkyl sulfides, substituted thiacyclanes, dibenzothiophene, and methionine methyl ester. Various alkyl and aralkyl halides, as well as trimethyl- and triethyloxonium salts were tested as alkylating agents. S-alkylation was shown to proceed quantitatively under mild conditions. MALDI and SALDI mass spectra (a matrix-free nanostructurized target was used in SALDI experiments) displayed only ion peaks corresponding to sulfonium cations whose mass numbers were equal to the sum of molecular weights of sulfides and weight increments of the introduced alkyl and aralkyl groups. Trans-alkylation was observed for benzyl-substituted sulfides. Tandem mass spectrometry provided preliminary data on the fragmentation of ESI-generated sulfonium cations and demonstrated differences in the MS/MS spectra of regioisomers. © 2016, Pleiades Publishing, Ltd

Mass Spectrometry in Petroleum Chemistry (Petroleomics) (Review)

Abstract: The review discusses the achievements of the last 5 years in the field of using mass spectrometry for the analysis of crude oils and some oil refining products. The presented materials are systematized according to properties of the analyzed compounds and ionization techniques used. The capabilities and disadvantages of existing approaches are discussed. © 2019, Pleiades Publishing, Ltd

Post-chromatographic fixed-charge derivatization for the analysis of hydroxyl-containing compounds by a combination of thin-layer chromatography and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry

A simple and convenient on-spot derivatization has been suggested for the modification of hydroxyl-containing compounds for their analysis by thin layer chromatography/matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry (TLC/MALDI). The proposed approach was based on post-chromatographic acylation of separated analytes by 3-bromopropionyl chloride with simultaneous quaternization of pyridine. In contrast to the initial alcohols not ionizable in TLC/MALDI conditions, the derivatives, containing permanent positive charge, revealintense peaks of their cationic moieties in MALDI mass spectra recorded directly from TLC plates. The method was tested on a series of mammalian and plant sterols, phenols and terpene alcohols. © 2018 Elsevier B.V