Landauer-B\"uttiker equation for bosonic carriers

We study the current of Bose particles between two reservoirs connected by a one-dimensional channel. We analyze the problem from first principles by considering a microscopic model of conductivity in the noninteracting limit. Equations for the transient and the stationary current are derived analytically. The asymptotic current has a form similar to the Landauer-B\"uttiker equation for electronic current in mesoscopic devices

Le capital social et les associations : <br />Tests économétriques sur des données de commerçants de produits vivriers du Bénin

We seek to know if a tradesman carries out a greater profitability because of his association membership. The assumption selected is that within the associations, the tradesmen put in common runs their social capital to reduce their transaction costs. Among 512 tradesmen form Benin, we estimate that those who are in association have on average 845 $of excessive profit. However, the estimate of a structural form shows that the effect of the social capital is moderate.On cherche à savoir si un commerçant réalise une plus grande profitabilité du fait de son appartenance à une association. L'hypothèse retenue est que dans le cadre d'associations, les commerçants mettent en commun leur capital social pour réduire leurs coûts de transaction. On estime que parmi 512 commerçants béninois ceux qui sont en association ont en moyenne 845$ de profit supplémentaire. Cependant, l'estimation d'une forme structurelle montre que l'effet du capital social est modér

Asymmetric many-body loss in a bosonic double well

A Bose gas in a double well is investigated in the presence of single-particle, two-body and three-body asymmetric loss. The loss induces an interesting decay behavior of the total population as well as a possibility to control the dynamics of the system. In the noninteracting limit with asymmetric single-body dissipation, the dynamics of the populations can be obtained analytically. The general many-body problem requires, however, an adequate approximation. We use a mean-field approximation and the Bogoliubov back-reaction beyond mean-field truncation, which we extend up to three-body loss. Both methods are compared with exact many-body Monte-Carlo simulations.Comment: to appear in PR

Relaxation dominated cosmological expansion

The behavior near the singularity of an isotropic, homogeneous cosmological model with a viscous fluid source is investigated. This turns out to be a relaxation dominated regime. Full extended irreversible thermodynamics is used, and comparison with results of the truncated theory is made. New singular behaviors are found and it is shown that a relaxation dominated inflationary epoch may exist for fluids with small heat capacity.Comment: 7 pages, LaTeX. To be published in Physics Letters

Spinal manipulation or mobilization for lumbar disc herniation with radiculopathy : a protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis

Introduction: The purpose of this study is to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis into the effects of spinal manipulation or mobilization for Lumbar Disc Herniation with Radiculopathy (LDHR). Methods: An electronic database search of titles and abstracts of articles published in English will be conducted in the following databases: PEDro (Physiotherapy Evidence Database), CINAHL (Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature), PubMed, Science Direct, Google Scholar, and The Cochrane Library. The specific search strategies will be dependent on the particular database being searched and hand searches of the reference lists of the included articles will also be performed. Studies will be included if they reported an acceptable comparison group, and also reported at least one of the main clinically relevant outcome measures for LDHR. Two independent reviewers will screen the identified records, and all disagreements will be resolved. The internal and external validities of the included studies will be assessed using the PEDro scale and the External Validity Assessment Tool (EVAT) respectively. The clinical relevance and risk of bias of the studies will be determined using the 5-Criteria developed by the Cochrane Back Review Group and the Cochrane Risk of Bias Assessment Tool respectively. Studies will be pooled into meta-analysis where appropriate using RevMan software and the outcomes will be reported using the PRISMA guidelines. Discussion: This review will summarize the current evidence about the effects of spinal manipulation or mobilization compared with other interventions in the management of individuals with Lumbar Disc Herniation with Radiculopathy (LDHR). A meta-analysis will also be conducted where appropriate in this review to compare the effects of spinal manipulation or mobilization with other interventions with a view to finding out which technique is better in the management of individuals with LDHR. Review Registration: This review has been registered with the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO; registration number: CRD42019131292). Keywords: Spinal manipulation; spinal mobilization; lumbar disc herniation; systematic review; meta-analysi

Assessment of millet-groundnut intercropping systems efficiency in Jigawa and Kano states.

Open access Journal; Published online: 30 June 2016In this study, an intercropping experiment consisting of millet and groundnut was established at Dutse (Jigawa) and Minjibir (Kano) to compare the efficiencies of intercropping systems. Two intercropping systems (2:2 and 2:4; millet to groundnut ratio) were studied in terms of aggressivity, competitive ratio, actual yield loss and intercropping advantage. The treatments were studied under split-split plot design that was replicated four times. The results shows that aggressivity was determined by crop arrangement not by component crop and that the rate of increase in millet aggressivity was proportional to rate at which groundnut aggressivity was reduced. Intercropping advantage was higher and positive under 2:4 system at both trial locations; this implies that the system have a better economic feasibility. Under the same system at Dutse, competitive ratio was higher (1.18); indicating that the crops have a fairly comparative ability for resources competition, in contrast, the reverse was the case at Dutse 2:2 with higher competitive ration difference value of 1.05 compared to 0.69 at 2:4

New options for pest management in horticultural crop-based agroecosystems of Sudano-Sahelian Africa in the climate change context

In the climate change context, ICRISAT is promoting water-saving cropping systems mixing food and horticultural crops for the Sudano-Sahelian zone of Western Africa. ICRISAT's partners in Niger (CIRAD, the University of Niamey and INRAN) are seeking ways to minimize the impact of crop pests in these systems, using the agroecological approach. Following encouraging earlier results, agroecological management options were further investigated in 2010 for the major pests of okra, jujube tree and watermelon, the major horticultural crops in the water harvesting-based Bio-Reclamation of Degraded Lands (BDL) and Dryland Eco-Farm (DEF) systems. Pigeon pea was evaluated as a trap crop for regulating infestation of okra by the fruit worm Helicoverpa armigera in a design with four treatments (unbordered cypermethrin-sprayed and unsprayed controls, and two pigeon pea-bordered unsprayed treatments, with an early and an extra-early cultivar). On the other hand, the foliage of 4 trees in a jujube orchard was sprayed with GF-120 (mixture of food attractant and biological insecticide) with 2 trees remaining unsprayed. White linen sheets were placed under the sprayed trees, in view of collecting the flies that would have ingested the bait, and ripe jujube fruits were harvested and weighed. Results on okra suggested a new ''top-down" regulation process, further to the mere "bottom-up" trap-cropping effect, which questions the relevance of both attempting to reinforce the "pull" trap-cropping effect with a ''push"' effect using insect-repellent sprays on the main okra crop, and playing on a barrier effect of the perirneter trap crop against piercing-sucking homopteran pests. Results on jujube suggested that GF-120 could be used both as a repellent to protect jujube trees from the fruit fly Carpomya incompleta, and as an attractant to protect water melon, which is part of the DEF system, from Dacus spp., thus killing two birds with one stone. (Résumé d'auteur

Financing Renewable Energy Projects in Major Emerging Market Economies:Evidence in the Perspective of Sustainable Economic Development

This research paper aims to explore the role of FDI inflows and stock market development on the promotion of renewable energy consumption. Further, study investigates the effect of renewable energy consumption on CO2 emissions and economic output across a panel of Brazil, China, India and South Africa. Study utilizes annual data from 1990 to 2012 and employs various robust panel econometric techniques. The findings confirm that both FDI inflows and stock market development play an important role in promoting renewable energy consumption. The results also reveal that renewable energy consumption helps to mitigate the growth of CO2 emissions and promotes economic development

Generalized power expansions in cosmology

It is given an algorithm to obtain generalized power asymptotic expansions of the solutions of the Einstein equations arising for several homogeneous cosmological models. This allows to investigate their behavior near the initial singularity or for large times. An implementation of this algorithm in the CAS system Maple V Release 4 is described and detailed calculations for three equations are shown.Comment: 22 pages, LaTeX, elsart.sty. To be published in Computer Physics Communications Thematic Issue "Computer Algebra in Physics Research