Scatter-search with support vector machine for prediction of relative solvent accessibility

Proteins have vital roles in the living cells. The protein function is almost completely dependent on protein structure. The prediction of relative solvent accessibility gives helpful information for the prediction of tertiary structure of a protein. In recent years several relative solvent accessibility (RSA) prediction methods including those that generate real values and those that predict discrete states have been developed. The proposed method consists of two main steps: the first one, provided subset selection of quantitative features based on selected qualitative features and the second, dedicated to train a model with selected quantitative features for RSA prediction. The results show that the proposed method has an improvement in average prediction accuracy and training time. The proposed method can dig out all the valuable knowledge about which physicochemical features of amino acids are deemed more important in prediction of RSA without human supervision, which is of great importance for biologists and their future researches

Effects of ecological factors on the antioxidant potential and total phenol content of Scrophularia striata Boiss

Scrophularia striata, commonly known as figwort, is one of the most important medicinal plants that mainly grows in cold regions of the Zagros Mountains (West of Iran). Although the chemical composition of this plant species has not yet been explored, people living in Ilam province (W Iran) have used it for many years to treat different illnesses. The present study aims to analyze the effect of some ecological factors on the antioxidant potential and the amount of phenol present in this plant species, using a random factorial design with two factors (elevation and region) and three replicates. The fruits of the plant were gathered from three different elevations. They were collected from three regions of the Ilam province (Badreh, Dareshahr, and Dehloran) in June 2016, when the fruits appear. Moreover, to analyze different soil chemical and physical features, soil samples were gathered from a depth of 0.5 m under the shrubs. The antioxidant action of the methanol extract from the plant samples and the total amount of phenol compounds were measured using 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and the Folin-Ciocalteu method, respectively. The results showed that the effects of site and elevation, and the interaction between these factors, on the antioxidant potential and total phenol amount were significant with a probability of error of 1%. The maximum extract efficiency (19.37 ± 3.07%), antioxidant potential (126.5656 ± 0.96 µg/mL), and total amount of phenol (55.7689 ± 3.17 µg/mL) were obtained from Dareshahr at an elevation of 600 m above mean sea level. The minimum amount of total phenol (24.6544 ± 3.21 µg/ml) was recorded at the lowest elevation of Badreh, at which phosphorus, potassium, organic carbon, organic material, nitrogen, acidity, lime, and silt were present at the lowest amount. However, the antioxidant activity and total amount of phenol had a strong direct correlation in the two districts of Dareshahr and Badreh, but were reversely and strongly correlated in Dehloran. Therefore, it can be stated that Scrophularia striata has the potential for antioxidant activity, however, the complexity of the effect of ecological factors on one hand, and the emergence of different chemical processes in the plant under such effects on the other hand, has led to the synthesis of different compounds with antioxidant potential in the plant in different regions

Barriers to kidney transplants in Indonesia : a literature review

Background: People living with chronic kidney disease will require renal dialysis or a kidney transplant to maintain life. Although Indonesia has a developing healthcare industry, Indonesia\u27s kidney transplant rates are lower than comparable nations.Purpose: To explore the healthcare literature to identify barriers to kidney transplants in particular in relation to Indonesia.Methods: Healthcare databases were searched (CINAHL, Medline, EBSCOhostEJS, Blackwell Synergy, Web of Science, PubMed, Google Scholar and Proquest 5000) using the search terms: transplant, kidney disease, renal, dialysis, haemodialysis, Indonesia and nursing. The search was limited to English and Indonesian language data sources from 1997 to 2007. Reference lists of salient academic articles were hand searched.Results: The results of our search identified six articles that met our criteria. Costs are the major barrier to kidney transplant in Indonesia, followed by cultural beliefs, perception of the law, lack of information and lack of infrastructure. In addition, kidney disease prevention strategies are required.Conclusions: There are many complex socio-economic, geographical, legal, cultural and religious factors that contribute to low kidney transplant rates in Indonesia. Although an increase in transplantation rates will require strategies from various agencies, healthcare professionals, including nurses, can play a role in overcoming some barriers. Community education programmes, improving their own education levels and by increasing empowerment in nursing we may contribute to improved kidney transplant rates in Indonesia.<br /

The Concept of Reluctance and Reluctance transactions in terms of Iraqi Law and Islamic Jurisprudence

A reluctance contract is a contract in which the reluctant person does something reluctantly and with the reluctance's threat without consent. A reluctant person only lacks satisfaction and self-esteem, but has the intention of making a deal. From the point of view of jurists, reluctance occurs in two forms, right and wrongful reluctance. According to the famous jurists of Imamiyyah, Iraqi civil law and Iranian civil law, reluctance makes the transactions voidable, which becomes a valid and invalid contract with the subsequent consent of the reluctant. Sunni jurists believe that reluctance causes the transactions to be void, except Hanafi jurisprudence who consider reluctance to be different in cancellable and non-cancelable contracts. In the jurisprudence and civil law of Iraq and Iran, one of the conditions for the validity of a transaction is to have the option of the contracting parties, which means that they intend to enter into the content of the contract with full satisfaction (Tayib Nafs) and the effect of the contract and transaction (creating an obligation or transferring property) not with reluctance. As a result of reluctance, consent destroys the provisions of the contract. The necessity of the validity of this condition of absolute certainty is from the meaning of the honorable verse: "Only trade is based on agreement" and also the non-ordering of effects on a contract that was concluded out of reluctance is clearly used from the prophetic hadith known as the hadith of Rifa. This research through the method of descriptive and analytical way has investigated the concept of reluctance and reluctance transactions in terms of Iraqi law and Islamic jurisprudence

A Reflection on The Drowned and Oppressed Inheritance with an Approach to Imami Jurisprudence and the Laws of Iran, Egypt and Iraq.

This research has investigated the inheritance of the dead in an accident and the unknown date of death of each of them in terms of Imami jurisprudence and the legal system of Iran, Egypt and Iraq. The condition of inheritance is the life of the heir, even a moment after the death of the heir, and the rest of the cases, that is, when several people have died at the same time, there will be no inheritance among them. Contrary to the above principle, is the life of the heir, it is after the death of the heir. According to this ruling, persons who have died due to drowning, and the date or precedence of which is not known, are inherited. Considering the importance of the circle of heirs and considering the public rights of the people, the present study has been written by referring to jurisprudential texts and collecting the opinions of Imami jurists, general jurists and jurists with a descriptive-analytical approach and explaining comprehensiveness or lack thereof. The above sentence has been extended to similar cases

Template-directed synthesis of Sm₂Ti₂O₇ nanoparticles: a FRET-based fluorescent chemosensor for the fast and selective determination of picric acid

Fluorescence “turn off” detection of picric acid using a Sm2Ti2O7 nanoprobe.</p