Concentric differential gearing arrangement

Two input members and two concentric rotatable output members are interconnected by a planetary gear arrangement. The first input drives directly the first output. The second input engages a carrier having the planetary gears affixed thereto. Rotation of the carriage causes rotation of the central sun gear of the planetary gear system. The sun gear is journaled to the carriage and is drivingly connected to the second output through a direction reversing set of bevel gears. The first input drive member includes a ring gear drivingly connected to the planetary gears for driving the second output member in the same direction and by the same amount as the first output member. Motion of the first input results in equal motion of the two outputs while input motion of the second input results in movement of the second output relative to the first output. This device is useful where non-interacting two-axis control of remote gimbaled systems is required

Formaldehyde Silhouettes Against the Cosmic Microwave Background: A Mass-Limited, Distance-Independent, Extinction-Free Tracer of Star Formation Across the Epoch of Galaxy Evolution

We examine the absorption of cosmic microwave background (CMB) photons by formaldehyde (H2CO) over cosmic time. The K-doublet rotational transitions of H2CO become "refrigerated" - their excitation temperatures are driven below the CMB temperature - via collisional pumping by molecular hydrogen (H2). "Anti-inverted" H2CO line ratios thus provide an accurate measurement of the H2 density in molecular clouds. Using a radiative transfer model, we demonstrate that H2CO centimeter wavelength line excitation and detectability are nearly independent of redshift or gas kinetic temperature. Since the H2CO K-doublet lines absorb CMB light, and since the CMB lies behind every galaxy and provides an exceptionally uniform extended illumination source, H2CO is a distance-independent, extinction-free molecular gas mass-limited tracer of dense gas in galaxies. A Formaldehyde Deep Field could map the history of cosmic star formation in a uniquely unbiased fashion and may be possible with large bandwidth wide-field radio interferometers whereby the silhouettes of star-forming galaxies would be detected across the epoch of galaxy evolution. We also examine the possibility that H2CO lines may provide a standardizable galaxy ruler for cosmology similar to the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect in galaxy clusters but applicable to much higher redshifts and larger samples. Finally, we explore how anti-inverted meterwave H2CO lines in galaxies during the peak of cosmic star formation may contaminate HI 21 cm tomography of the Epoch of Reionization.Comment: Accepted by ApJ Letters. 5 pages, 5 figure

Mechanical planetary compensating drive system

Drive enables two concentric output shafts to be controlled independently or rotated as a unit. Possible uses are pointing and tracking devices, rotary camera shutters with variable light control, gimbal systems with yaw and pitch movement, spectrometer mirror scanning devices, etc

SgpDec : Cascade (de)compositions of finite transformation semigroups and permutation groups

We describe how the SgpDec computer algebra package can be used for composing and decomposing permutation groups and transformation semigroups hierarchically by directly constructing substructures of wreath products, the so called cascade products.Final Accepted Versio

Undermining violent extremist narratives in South-East Asia: a how-to guide

This document was developed with the support of the Australian Government by the Hedayah Institute, the International Centre of Excellence for Countering Violent Extremism based in Abu Dhabi. While there are other counter narrative \u27how to\u27 guides available, this is the first of its kind to focus on South East Asia. Across the globe, international organisations and governments are grappling with the complex challenge of developing better and more coordinated responses to groups such as Daesh, as well as defining methods to prevent further radicasliation and recruitment, or the emergence of new violent extremism and terrorism. This compendium provides practical guidance and insights for governments, policy makers and civil society organisations in Australia and South East Asia to support their development of effective counter-narratives that undercut the appeal of terrorist propaganda. Drawing on research by author Sara Zeiger and an expert workshop convened by Hedayah in Indonesia in March 2016, the compendium includes a practical step-by-step approach to developing effective counter-narratives, with clear examples from South East Asia. With Australian Government support, Hedayah will be in a position to ensure that its secure online library of counter-narratives and positive messages drawn from around the world now includes our regional perspectives. Projects such as this highlight how practical, results-focused cooperation and partnerships can help us ensure security and stability within our region. This useful reference is one of the outcomes of Australia\u27s Regional Summit to Counter Violent Extremism, hosted in Sydney in June 2015

Measuring and modeling suspended sediment and nutrient yields in a mixed-land use watershed of the central United States

Dissertation advisor: Jason A. Hubbart, Ph.D.Includes vita.Science-based information is needed to better understand mixed-land-use contributions of suspended sediment and nutrient loads to receiving water bodies. Water samples were analyzed for suspended sediments and nutrients using a nested-scale experimental watershed study design (n=836 samples x 5 gauging sites) in an urbanizing mixed-land use watershed of the central USA. Highly variable annual precipitation was observed during the four year study period (2010-2013) with the greatest suspended sediment and nutrient yields during 2010 (record setting wet year) and least yields during 2012 (extreme drought year). Estimated annual suspended sediment yields ranged from 16.1 t km-2 yr -1 during 2012 to 313.0 t km-2 yr -1 during 2010. Annual total inorganic nitrogen and total phosphorus yields exceeded 10.3 and 2.04 kg ha-1 yr -1 from the agricultural dominated headwaters. Multiple linear regression analyses indicated significant (CI = 0.05) relationships between pollutant loading, annual total precipitation (positive correlate), urban land use (positive correlate), forested land use (negative correlate), and wetland land use (negative correlate). Results highlight the need for ongoing studies, and improved best management practices designed to reduce suspended sediment and nutrient loading in mixed-land use watersheds globally.Includes bibliographical references