Direito Penal Econômico: parte geral

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Energy Transfer by Resonance Coupling

This paper presents the research work focusing on the possibility to transmit power with a high power densitiy and a high efficiency. The applications of power supply require a smaller size, lower weight with a good energy on-board management. This work shows not only the possibility of wireless power transfer, but also the biological effect is taken into account for the safety precaution of human use. The system is described and set up using the resonance coupling effect and impedance adaption for multi-stage conversion. The transmitting power up to 180W is applied at a frequency of 6.78 MHz across a gap in the range between 30 mm to 80 mm. The experimental results show that the maximum efficiency up to 88 % has been achieved. The maximum transmitted power density reaches up to 0.14 W/mm2. High power can be transmitted using resonant coupling with high efficiency. Coupling coil characteristics significantly affect wireless power system losses. High power density of the active areas can be in the high range of 0.14 W/mm2. Resonance coupling can be applied in short range applications keeping EMC and EMF restrictions.DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v3i5.393

O direito penal econômico sob uma perspectiva onto-antropológica

A fundamentação onto-antropológica do direito penal proporciona um horizonte cognitivo capaz de resgatar a posição central do homem no sistema jurídico e de reduzir a complexidade dos problemas contemporâneos que envolvem o jus puniendi. A aplicação desse referencial teórico ao direito penal econômico nos conduz ao diálogo entre direito e economia como caminho para a compreensão do fenômeno historicamente datado que representa a intervenção penal na ordem econômica. A partir dessa leitura, é possível obter um conceito material e restritivo de crime econômico com a capacidade de fundamentar e de limitar o poder punitivo. Uma vez obtido o modelo, sua aplicação à teoria da norma, à teoria do delito e à teoria da pena confirmará ser possível que o homem prossiga ocupando o lugar central na estrutura do ordenamento jurídico, inclusive segmento do direito penal econômico.Criminal law’s “onto-anthropological” foundation provides a cognitive horizon capable of rescuing man’s central position in the juridical system and, also, of reducing the complexity of current problems that surround the jus puniendi. The application of this theoretical framework to the economic penal law leads to the dialogue between law and economy as a way of understanding the historically dated phenomenon which the penal intervention in the economic order represents. Based on this reading, it’s possible to obtain a material and restrictive concept of economic crime with the capacity of founding e restricting the punitive power. Once the model is obtained, its application to the norm, crime, and sentence’s theory shall confirm as possible that man continues to occupy the central spot at the legal system’s structure, including the one in the economic criminal law

Standardvariation und Kodifizierung

In dieser Arbeit stehen das „Österreichische Wörterbuch” (kurz: ÖWB) in seiner 41. Auflage (2009) und der „Duden – Das österreichische Schulwörterbuch” (2008) im Vergleich. Dabei werden neben den Gemeinsamkeiten insbesondere die Unterschiede zwischen beiden Wörterbüchern anhand exemplarischer Ausschnitte und Beispiele aufgezeigt und diskutiert. Die Untersuchung fokussiert einerseits formale Aspekte wie beispielsweise den Umfang und Aufbau der Wörterbücher oder deren Markierungssysteme, andererseits die konkreten lexikographischen Ausführungen und Darstellungen innerhalb des Wörterverzeichnisses. Dementsprechend wird den Fragen nachgegangen, welche Stichwörter aufgenommen wurden und welche nicht, ob sich im Vergleich zu früheren Auflagen (des ÖWB) etwas geändert hat (bezüglich Neuaufnahmen oder Tilgungen von Lemmata), wie die vorhandenen Stichwörter in beiden Wörterbüchern markiert sind und was die Markierungen schließlich über das Lemma bzw. das jeweilige Wörterbuch aussagen. Es wird unter anderem ersichtlich, dass es hier, sofern in beiden Wörterbüchern überhaupt dasselbe Stichwort aufgenommen wurde, Abweichungen in den Markierungen zu Region, Stil, Alter, Fachgebiet, Sprachschicht und Etymologie gibt, daneben Unterschiede in den Bedeutungserläuterungen zu einzelnen Stichwörtern und Unterschiede in der Transkription von fremdsprachigen (französischen/englischen) Wörtern. Da es sich um Wörterbücher handelt, die sich auf die Kodifizierung des österreichischen Wortschatzes spezialisiert haben, ist zudem auch der Bereich der (Wortschatz-) Austriazismen in Hinsicht auf standard- und umgangssprachliche sowie saloppe bzw. scherzhafte Austriazismen analysiert worden. Der gesamten Untersuchung gehen in der Einleitung eine kurze Erläuterung des geschichtlichen Hintergrundes beider Wörterbücher sowie eine Einführung zur Sprache in Österreich und zu den wissenschaftlichen Disziplinen Lexikographie und Lexikologie samt Bestimmung des Begriffes Rechtschreibwörterbuch voraus.This diploma thesis is concerned with the comparison of two dictionaries which focus on the Austrian-German language: “Das österreichische Wörterbuch” (ÖWB; 41th edition, 2009) and “Duden – Das österreichische Schulwörterbuch” (1st edition, 2008). By taking relevant samples, it will outline not just the common ground but, more importantly, the differences between these spelling dictionaries. The analysis examines both formal and lexical/lexicographical aspects, and deals with questions of structure and the extend of the dictionaries as a whole, as well as of their index of headwords. As long as both dictionaries list the same words – which is not always the case – it becomes obvious that contrasts in the marking of words concerning, for example, their etymological and regional origin, appropriate stylistic use, registers and dialects or age are possible. Furthermore, the analysis takes a closer look at differences in terms of the explanations of the definition(s) of a word, as well as IPA-transcriptions of foreign words (e.g. French or English origin). This paper aims to find these contrasting bits and to discuss the results. Apart from that, the thesis gives a brief introduction to the historical background of both dictionaries and also contains an introduction to the development and characteristics of the German language in Austria as well as to the sciences of lexicography and lexicology, including a definition of the term “spelling dictionary”