Different patterns of uptake and depuration of cadmium by periphyton community and a grazer species (Physa sp.): A mesocosm evalution

Widespread pollution by heavy metals generated by various industries has serious adverse effects on human health and the environment. Cadmium is a heavy metal recognised as one of the most hazardous environmental pollutants. It is a non-essential and non-beneficial element to organisms, causing toxicity and other deleterious effects on various components of the aquatic environment. The ability of algal periphyton to concentrate cadmium from fresh water is well known. Moreover, periphyton communities are able to accumulate large amounts of cadmium despite its low concentration in fresh water. Many researchers use algal periphyton as an indicator of water quality in aquatic environments. In the present study, the authors ask two basic questions: Does cadmium accumulate along a food chain consisting of the periphyton community and a grazer species (Physa sp.) under semi-natural conditions provided by artificial streams? If not, which one can better indicate the water quality

Artificial neural network based modelling and optimization of refined palm oil process

YesThe content and concentration of beta-carotene, tocopherol and free fatty acid is one of the important parameters that affect the quality of edible oil. In simulation based studies for refined palm oil process, three variables are usually used as input parameters which are feed flow rate (F), column temperature (T) and pressure (P). These parameters influence the output concentration of beta-carotene, tocopherol and free fatty acid. In this work, we develop 2 different ANN models; the first ANN model based on 3 inputs (F, T, P) and the second model based on 2 inputs (T and P). Artificial neural network (ANN) models are set up to describe the simulation. Feed forward back propagation neural networks are designed using different architecture in MATLAB toolbox. The effects of numbers for neurons and layers are examined. The correlation coefficient for this study is greater than 0.99; it is in good agreement during training and testing the models. Moreover, it is found that ANN can model the process accurately, and is able to predict the model outputs very close to those predicted by ASPEN HYSYS simulator for refined palm oil process. Optimization of the refined palm oil process is performed using ANN based model to maximize the concentration of beta-carotene and tocopherol at residue and free fatty acid at distillate

Analytic assessment of effects of enacting clause No. 272 of direct tax regulations on tax incomes in the general tax office of Yazd

Today, governments are using tax as an important pillar in resource allocation, occupation, Reasonable criteria of price stability, international accounts balance and finally rational and proper distribution of incomes. Despite the tax is the most important necessity of survival in every government and country, it has always been caused conflict between taxpayers and tax officials. This research theoretically is looking for answer to this question that “is the tax system released from pressure of annual audited accounts of all persons by tax staff without decreasing in tax revenues and with satisfaction, trust, and protection of taxpayers’ law?” In this regard, the matter 272 of the direct taxation law that was prepared by the Society of CPAs, and was approved in 02/06/2002, by Ministry of Economic Affairs and Finance, for the tax audit reports, is used as a liberation solution for cited pressure. So, the purpose of this research is implementing that strategy. The results showed that the matter 272 of the direct taxation law is not caused by increasing tax revenues meaning that the first hypothesis was declined, although the second hypothesis was confirmed by three groups but the third hypothesis had been confirmed only by tax staff and Society CPAs and was declined by finance managers

Analytic assessment of effects of enacting clause No. 272 of direct tax regulations on tax incomes in the general tax office of Yazd

Today, governments are using tax as an important pillar in resource allocation, occupation, Reasonable criteria of price stability, international accounts balance and finally rational and proper distribution of incomes. Despite the tax is the most important necessity of survival in every government and country, it has always been caused conflict between taxpayers and tax officials. This research theoretically is looking for answer to this question that “is the tax system released from pressure of annual audited accounts of all persons by tax staff without decreasing in tax revenues and with satisfaction, trust, and protection of taxpayers’ law?” In this regard, the matter 272 of the direct taxation law that was prepared by the Society of CPAs, and was approved in 02/06/2002, by Ministry of Economic Affairs and Finance, for the tax audit reports, is used as a liberation solution for cited pressure. So, the purpose of this research is implementing that strategy. The results showed that the matter 272 of the direct taxation law is not caused by increasing tax revenues meaning that the first hypothesis was declined, although the second hypothesis was confirmed by three groups but the third hypothesis had been confirmed only by tax staff and Society CPAs and was declined by finance managers

Analytic assessment of effects of enacting clause No. 272 of direct tax regulations on tax incomes in the general tax office of Yazd

Today, governments are using tax as an important pillar in resource allocation, occupation, Reasonable criteria of price stability, international accounts balance and finally rational and proper distribution of incomes. Despite the tax is the most important necessity of survival in every government and country, it has always been caused conflict between taxpayers and tax officials. This research theoretically is looking for answer to this question that “is the tax system released from pressure of annual audited accounts of all persons by tax staff without decreasing in tax revenues and with satisfaction, trust, and protection of taxpayers’ law?” In this regard, the matter 272 of the direct taxation law that was prepared by the Society of CPAs, and was approved in 02/06/2002, by Ministry of Economic Affairs and Finance, for the tax audit reports, is used as a liberation solution for cited pressure. So, the purpose of this research is implementing that strategy. The results showed that the matter 272 of the direct taxation law is not caused by increasing tax revenues meaning that the first hypothesis was declined, although the second hypothesis was confirmed by three groups but the third hypothesis had been confirmed only by tax staff and Society CPAs and was declined by finance managers

Interlayer charge transfer in ReS 2 / WS 2 van der Waals heterostructures

We observed ultrafast charge transfer between distorted 1T−ReS2 with anisotropic in-plane electronic and optical properties and 2H−WS2 that is in-plane isotropic. Heterostructures of monolayer ReS2/monolayer WS2 and bilayer ReS2/monolayer WS2 were fabricated by mechanical exfoliation and dry transfer techniques. Significant photoluminescence quenching of WS2 in the heterostructures indicates efficient charge transfer. In femtosecond transient absorption measurements, it was found that holes injected in monolayer or bilayer ReS2 transfer to WS2 on a timescale that is shorter than the time resolution of the measurement. This observation provides evidence that the holes are delocalized in bilayer ReS2, revealing strong van der Waals interlayer couplings. These results also show that ReS2 and WS2 form type-II heterostructures with excellent charge transfer properties

Effect of the Interfacial Energy Landscape on Photoinduced Charge Generation at the ZnPc/MoS2 Interface

This document is the Accepted Manuscript version of a Published Work that appeared in final form in Journal of the American Chemical Society, copyright © American Chemical Society after peer review and technical editing by the publisher. To access the final edited and published work see https://doi.org/10.1021/jacs.9b05893

Different patterns of uptake and depuration of cadmium by periphyton community and a grazer species (Physa sp.): A mesocosm evalution

Widespread pollution by heavy metals generated by various industries hasserious adverse effects on human health and the environment. Cadmium isa heavy metal recognised as one of the most hazardous environmentalpollutants (Lodeiro et al. 2005). It is a non-essential and non-beneficialelement to organisms, causing toxicity and other deleterious effects onvarious components of the aquatic environment. The ability of algalperiphyton to concentrate cadmium from fresh water is well known (Hill etal. 2000). Moreover, periphyton communities are able to accumulate largeamounts of cadmium despite its low concentration in fresh water.Cadmium bioaccumulation has been studied in bacteria (Trevors et al.1986; Volesky & Holan 1995), Cyanobacteria (Les & Walker 1984;Inthorn et al. 1996), algae (Sakaguchi et al. 1979; Geisweid & Urbach1983; Holan & Volesky 1995) and fungi (Fourest & Roux 1992; Holan &Volesky 1995). Periphyton algae, bacteria, and fungi that develop onstream substrata, can accumulate high concentrations of metals and may bean important source of metal exposure to benthic macroinvertebrates inmining-impacted streams (Kiffney & Clements 1993)