Tsallis mapping in growing complex networks with fitness

We introduce Tsallis mapping in Bianconi-Barab\'asi (B-B) fitness model of growing networks. This mapping addresses the dynamical behavior of the fitness model within the framework of nonextensive statistics mechanics, which is characterized by a dimensionless nonextensivity parameter $q$. It is found that this new phenomenological parameter plays an important role in the evolution of networks: the underlying evolving networks may undergo a different phases depending on the $q$ exponents, comparing to the original B-B fitness model, and the corresponding critical transition "temperature" is identified

Analytical results for a parity-time symmetric two-level system under synchronous combined modulations

We propose a simple method of combined synchronous modulations to generate the analytically exact solutions for a parity-time symmetric two-level system. Such exact solutions are expressible in terms of simple elementary functions and helpful for illuminating some generalizations of appealing concepts originating in the Hermitian system. Some intriguing physical phenomena, such as stabilization of a non-Hermitian system by periodic driving, non-Hermitian analogs of coherent destruction of tunneling (CDT) and complete population inversion (CPI), are demonstrated analytically and confirmed numerically. In addition, by using these exact solutions we derive a pulse area theorem for such non-Hermitian CPI in the parity-time symmetric two-level system. Our results may provide an additional possibility for pulse manipulation and coherent control of the parity-time symmetric two-level system.Comment: 7 pages, 4 figure

The Molecular Pathogenesis of Pituitary Adenomas: An Update

Pituitary tumors represent the most common intracranial neoplasms accompanying serious morbidity through mass effects and inappropriate secretion of pituitary hormones. Understanding the etiology of pituitary tumorigenesis will facilitate the development of satisfactory treatment for pituitary adenomas. Although the pathogenesis of pituitary adenomas is largely unknown, considerable evidence indicates that the pituitary tumorigenesis is a complex process involving multiple factors, including genetic and epigenetic changes. This review summarized the recent progress in the study of pituitary tumorigenesis, focusing on the role of tumor suppressor genes, oncogenes and microRNAs

Influence of local strain heterogeneity on high piezoelectricity in 0.5Ba(Zr0.2Ti0.8)O3−0.5(Ba0.7Ca0.3)TiO3 ceramics

Dielectric and mechanical spectroscopies have been used to investigate ferroelectric transitions and twin wall dynamics in the lead-free ceramic 0.5Ba(Zr0.2Ti0.8)O3−0.5(Ba0.7Ca0.3)TiO3 (abbreviated as BZT-50BCT), which is known to have a high piezoelectric coefficient (d33>545pC/N). Results from dynamical mechanical analysis in the frequency range 0.2–20 Hz and resonant ultrasound spectroscopy in the frequency range ∼0.1–1.2MHz confirm the existence of three phase transitions with falling temperature, at ∼360K (cubic-tetragonal), ∼304K (tetragonal-orthorhombic), and ∼273K (orthorhombic-rhombohedral). In comparison with BaTiO3, however, the transitions are marked by rounded rather than sharp minima in the shear modulus. The pattern of acoustic loss is also quite different from that shown by BaTiO3 in having a broad interval of high loss at low temperatures, consistent with a spectrum of relaxation times for interactions of ferroelastic twin walls. Differences in the dielectric properties also suggest more relaxor like characteristics for BZT-50BCT. It is proposed that the overall pattern of behavior is significantly influenced by strain heterogeneity at a local length scale in the perovskite structure due to the substitution of cations with different ionic radii. The existence of this strain heterogeneity and its influence on the elastic behavior near the transition points could be contributory factors to the development of adaptive nanoscale microstructures and enhanced piezoelectric properties