The role of local-geometrical-orders on the growth of dynamic-length-scales in glass-forming liquids

The precise nature of complex structural relaxation as well as an explanation for the precipitous growth of relaxation time in cooling glass-forming liquids are essential to the understanding of vitrification of liquids. The dramatic increase of relaxation time is believed to be caused by the growth of one or more correlation lengths, which has received much attention recently. Here, we report a direct link between the growth of a specific local-geometrical-order and an increase of dynamic-length-scale as the atomic dynamics in metallic glass-forming liquids slow down. Although several types of local geometrical-orders are present in these metallic liquids, the growth of icosahedral ordering is found to be directly related to the increase of the dynamic-length-scale. This finding suggests an intriguing scenario that the transient icosahedral ordering could be the origin of the dynamic-length-scale in metallic glass-forming liquids.Comment: 15 pages, 3 Figure

Optimal decisions of sharing rate and ticket price of different transportation modes in inter-city transportation corridor

Purpose: The paper concerns competition of different transportation modes coexist in intercity transportation corridor. The purpose of this paper is to express the competitive relationship by building mathematical model and obtain the best sharing rate and the optimal ticket price of different transportation modes. Design/methodology/approach: Firstly, analyzing influencing factors of passenger choice about transportation modes, we designed a utility function of transportation modes. Secondly, referring to the game theory and logit modle, a non-cooperative game model between railway and highway was built. Finally, the model was applied to Nanchang-Jiujiang transportation corridor in China for an empirical analysis. Findings: The results indicate that the proposed non-cooperative game model is rational and reliable, and it supplies a scientific method to determine the optimal ticket price and passenger sharing rate of different transportation modes, and can be applied to the competition study on different transportation modes in inter-city transportation corridor. Originality/value: The main contribution of this paper is to built the non-cooperative game model, which can consider the needs of different travelers, and achieve reasonable passenger divergence of different transportation modes and coordinated development of whole transport market.Peer Reviewe

The last twenty orders of (1,2)-resolvable Steiner quadruple systems

AbstractA Steiner quadruple system (X,B) is said to be (1,2)-resolvable if its blocks can be partitioned into r parts such that each point of X occurs in exactly two blocks in each part. The necessary condition for the existence of (1,2)-resolvable Steiner quadruple systems RSQS(1,2,v)s is v≡2 or 10 (mod 12). Hartman and Phelps in [A. Hartman, K.T. Phelps, Steiner quadruple systems, in: J.H. Dinitz, D.R. Stinson (Eds.), Contemporary Design Theory, Wiley, New York, 1992, pp. 205–240] posed a question whether the necessary condition for the existence of (1,2)-resolvable Steiner quadruple systems is sufficient. In this paper, we consider the last twenty orders of (1,2)-resolvable Steiner quadruple systems and show that the necessary condition for the existence of (1,2)-resolvable Steiner quadruple systems is also sufficient except for the order 10

(1,2)-resolvable candelabra quadruple systems and Steiner quadruple systems

Abstract(1,α)-resolvable candelabra quadruple systems play an important role in the construction of (1,α)-resolvable Steiner quadruple systems. In this paper, we consider (1,2)-resolvable candelabra quadruple systems with three groups and show that the necessary conditions on the existence of (1,2)-RCQS(g3:s) when g is even are also sufficient. As its application, we improve the existing result on (1,2)-resolvable Steiner quadruple systems