<b>Transplantation of pig-derived microorganism </b><b><i>Acidovorax delafieldii</i></b><b> promotes intramuscular fat deposition by increasing colonic isovaleric acid concentration</b><b> </b><b>in mice</b>

猪源性微生物Acidovorax delafieldii的移植通过增加小鼠的结肠异戊酸浓度来促进肌内脂肪沉积 </p

BUPNN: Manifold Learning Regularizer-Based Blood Usage Prediction Neural Network for Blood Centers

Blood centers are an essential component of the healthcare system, as timely blood collection, processing, and efficient blood dispatch are critical to the treatment of patients and the performance of the entire healthcare system. At the same time, an efficient blood dispatching system through the high-precision predictive capability of artificial intelligence is crucial for the efficiency improvement of the blood centers. However, the current artificial intelligence (AI) models for predicting blood usage do not meet the needs of blood centers. The challenges of AI models mainly include lower generalization ability in different hospitals, limited stability under missing values, and low interpretability. An artificial neural network-based model named the blood usage prediction neural network (BUPNN) has been developed to address these challenges. BUPNN includes a novel similarity-based manifold regularizer that aims to enhance network mapping consistency and, thus, overcome the domain bise of different hospitals. Moreover, BUPNN diminishes the performance degradation caused by missing values through data enhancement. Experimental results on a large amount of accurate data demonstrate that BUPNN outperforms the baseline method in classification and regression tasks and excels in generalization and consistency. Moreover, BUPNN has solid potential to be interpreted. Therefore, the decision-making process of BUPNN is explored to the extent that it acts as an aid to the experts in the blood center.</jats:p

Thiele’s Fluorocarbons: Stable Diradicaloids with Efficient Vis-NIR Fluorescence from a Zwitterionic Excited State

Thiele’s hydrocarbon was the first synthesized diradicaloid in the search for stable open-shell structures but itself remains sensitive to oxygen and light. We here report the synthesis of Thiele’s fluorocarbon (TFC) and its derivatives exhibiting exceptional thermal, oxidative, and photostability. TFCs have remarkable luminescent properties with yellow to NIR fluorescence and up to 100% quantum yields. X-ray crystallography and ESR spectroscopy confirm their closed-shell quinoidal ground state. As expected from their uniform HOMO/LUMO distributions, TFCs’ absorption spectra show no solvent effect, but their emission reveals an extraordinarily large Stokes shift which increases with solvent polarity (from 0.9 eV in cyclohexane to 1.5 eV in acetonitrile). We show that this behavior is a result of sudden polarization leading to a zwitterionic excited state

Dietary Berberine and Ellagic Acid Supplementation Improve Growth Performance and Intestinal Damage by Regulating the Structural Function of Gut Microbiota and SCFAs in Weaned Piglets

Early weaning is an effective method for improving the utilization rate of sows in intensive pig farms. However, weaning stress induces diarrhea and intestinal damage in piglets. Berberine (BBR) is known for its anti-diarrhea properties and ellagic acid (EA) is known for its antioxidant properties, however, whether their combination improves diarrhea and intestinal damage in piglets has not been studied, and the mechanism remains unclear. To explore the combined effects in this experiment, a total of 63 weaned piglets (Landrace &times; Yorkshire) were divided into three groups at 21 days. Piglets in the Ctrl group were treated with a basal diet and 2 mL saline orally, while those in the BE group were treated with a basal diet supplemented with 10 mg/kg (BW) BBR, 10 mg/kg (BW) EA, and 2 mL saline orally. Piglets in the FBE group were treated with a basal diet and 2 mL fecal microbiota suspension from the BE group orally, respectively, for 14 days. Compared with the Ctrl group, dietary supplementation with BE improved growth performance by increasing the average daily gain and average daily food intake and reducing the fecal score in weaned piglets. Dietary supplementation with BE also improved intestinal morphology and cell apoptosis by increasing the ratio of villus height to crypt depth and decreasing the average optical density of apoptotic cells; meanwhile, improvements also involved attenuating oxidative stress and intestinal barrier dysfunction by increasing the total antioxidant capacity, glutathione, and catalase, and upregulating the mRNA expressions of Occludin, Claudin-1, and ZO-1. Interestingly, the oral administration of a fecal microbiota suspension to piglets fed BE had similar effects to those of the BE group. According to 16S rDNA sequencing analysis, dietary supplementation with BE altered the composition of the microbiota, including firmicutes, bacteroidetes, lactobacillus, phascolarctobacterium, and parabacteroides, and increased the metabolites of propionate and butyrate. In addition, Spearman analysis revealed that improvements in growth performance and intestinal damage were significantly correlated with differential bacteria and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). In brief, dietary supplementation with BE improved the growth performance and intestinal damage by altering the gut microbiota composition and SCFAs in weaned piglets