Value range of solutions to the chordal Loewner equation with restriction on the driving function

We consider a value range {g(i,T)} of solutions to the chordal Loewner equation with the restriction |λ(t)| <= c on the driving function. We use reachable set methods and the Pontryagin maximum principle

The Role of White-rot Fungi in Herbicide Transformation

Understanding herbicide transformation is necessary for pesticide development for their safe and efficient use, as well as for developing pesticide bioremediation strategies for contaminated soil and water. Recent studies persuasively demonstrated the key role of soil white-rot fungi in biotransformation of various anthropogenic environmental contaminants. However, often this common knowledge is not associated with specific metabolic processes of fungi and therefore cannot be transformed into specific recommendations for agricultural practice. The given review offers a systematic collection and analysis of the current knowledge about herbicide transformation by white-rot fungi at the cellular and molecular levels. Special attention is given to the role of oxidative enzymes such as laccases, lignin peroxidases, and manganese peroxidases in the biotransformation processes

Ultrastructure of Mauthner Cells in Fish Adapted to Long-Duration Vestibular Stimulation and the Effect of Ethanol

Adaptation or resistance of fish Mauthner cells (M-cells) to long duration (2 h) vestibular stimulation (LDS)was produced by daily brief and gradually increasing vestibular stimulation (training). The LDS resistance was accompanied by an increase in the number of desmosome-like junctions in the afferent axosomatic synapses. F-actin, the main component of desmosome-like contacts, has been suggested to be responsible for the increased resistance of M-cells to LDS. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the capacity of M-cells to adapt to LDS under the influence of ethanol, which alters the content of F-actin in cells. The experiments were carried out in goldfish fry. Vestibular stimulation (training and LDS) was performed in special drums that were rotated in two planes. The training time was increased from 1 min on day 1 to 30 min on day 30. For ethanol exposure, fish were immersed daily in a 2% ethanol solution for 20 min. To assess the level of resistance to LDS, motor activity indicating the functional state of M-cells was evaluated before and after LDS. The results show that exposure to ethanol reduces the resistance to LDS in both untrained and trained fish. Electron microscopic data demonstrated some structural changes in the synaptic endings located on M-cell soma in ethanol-exposed fish. Wrapping of boutons by cytoplasmic out- growths and myelin- like structures was observed. Morphometric analysis revealed that exposure to ethanol without training decreases the number of desmosome-like contacts, probably due to ethanol-induced depolymerization of cytoskeletal actin. Ethanol exposure also partly suppressed the increase in the number of desmosome-like contacts that occurs as a result of training. In ethanol-treated trained fish, however, a concomitant increase in the length of desmosome-like contacts was observed. As training alone leads to the formation of additional desmosome-like contacts of standard length, it is possible that although a sufficient amount of such structures cannot be formed in the M-cells of ethanol-exposed trained fish, the existing contacts can be elongated. Thus, possibly changes of the actin state are involved in the adaptation of M-cells to LDS

APPLICATION OF AMINOPHENYLBORONIC ACID CONJUGATED WITH PROTEIN CARRIER FOR APTACHROMATOGRAPHIC DETECTION OF LEAD IONS

This work was financially supported by Russian Science Foundation (project # 19-44-02020)

Molecular genetic methods for identifying raw materials in meat products: Diversity, opportunities and prospects

In the current economic situation, after easing the Covid pandemic restrictions, almost all laboratories, which are focused on evaluation of the conformity of food products, have faced issues in supplying for their laboratories. In this regard, in the last years many laboratories have been forced to validate new approaches and introduce new methods for assessing conformity of the food products. Very often it is not possible to use only one method to resolve the issue of the food product ingredients, especially for the purpose of traceability of their names and the used raw materials, listed on the label. Survey of the raw food materials to determine whether they correspond to the type name is a simpler task, in contrast to survey of the multicomponent food product. Many researchers have to estimate the opportunities and feasibility of application of various methodologies in their workplaces. Therefore, this review is relevant for the researchers in this field, as it focuses on aspects and special features of similar methodologies. The prospect of molecular genetic methods for identification of the raw materials used for manufacturing of meat products is presented below. This review also represents characteristics of methods for identification of the sources of raw materials used for the manufacturing of the meat products, based on the recognition of species-specific sections within the nucleic acids structures. The variety of methods (hybridization methods, polymerase chain reaction, different types of isothermal amplifications, methods using CRISPR/Cas systems), the principles of their implementation, and achieved analytical characteristics are considered. The capacities and competitive potential of various methods are discussed, as well as approaches being developed to overcome the existing limitations.In the current economic situation, after easing the Covid pandemic restrictions, almost all laboratories, which are focused on evaluation of the conformity of food products, have faced issues in supplying for their laboratories. In this regard, in the last years many laboratories have been forced to validate new approaches and introduce new methods for assessing conformity of the food products. Very often it is not possible to use only one method to resolve the issue of the food product ingredients, especially for the purpose of traceability of their names and the used raw materials, listed on the label. Survey of the raw food materials to determine whether they correspond to the type name is a simpler task, in contrast to survey of the multicomponent food product. Many researchers have to estimate the opportunities and feasibility of application of various methodologies in their workplaces. Therefore, this review is relevant for the researchers in this field, as it focuses on aspects and special features of similar methodologies. The prospect of molecular genetic methods for identification of the raw materials used for manufacturing of meat products is presented below. This review also represents characteristics of methods for identification of the sources of raw materials used for the manufacturing of the meat products, based on the recognition of species-specific sections within the nucleic acids structures. The variety of methods (hybridization methods, polymerase chain reaction, different types of isothermal amplifications, methods using CRISPR/Cas systems), the principles of their implementation, and achieved analytical characteristics are considered. The capacities and competitive potential of various methods are discussed, as well as approaches being developed to overcome the existing limitations

Fluorescence polarization immunoassay of colchicine

In this study, a fluorescence polarization immunoassay (FPIA) technique was developed to determine colchicine (COL), an alkaloid of noxious plants of the order Liliales that is used in a number of medications to treat gout. An optimal combination of the polyclonal antibody and the antigen labelled with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) was selected. Conditions for the competitive interaction of the antigen in the tested samples and its fluorophore conjugate (COL–FITC) with anti-COL antibodies were optimised, and the analytical characteristics of the assay were determined. The developed FPIA was characterised by a detection limit of 1.8 ng/mL and a detectable analyte concentration range of 4.1–74.3 ng/mL. The duration of the analysis was 10 min. The applicability of the developed FPIA for quality control of ready-made drug formulations and for the estimation of COL content in various matrices (urine, milk), with recovery values ranging from 79–108%, was demonstrated

METHODS OF IDENTIFICATION OF MUSCLE TISSUE IN MEAT PRODUCTS. PREREQUISITES FOR CREATING A MULTI–LEVEL CONTROL SYSTEM

Unfair production and products that do not comply with the declared labeling are currently an acute problem in the field of technical regulation, including with regard to food safety and quality. Given the high added value and multicomponent composition, finished meat products are among the most susceptible to adulteration. Despite the best efforts of regulatory agencies to counteract these inconsistencies, the hidden substitution of cheaper or lower-grade meats is still widespread. One of the main tasks facing research laboratories and testing centers today is the detection of falsification of food products, as well as standardization and certification of techniques necessary to solve such problems. The manufacturer, aware of the current control methods, can go to the deception, using vegetable protein, new unregistered feed additives. To determine the complex changes that occur in products, it is necessary to use methodological approaches in which it is possible to reliably determine these changes. The paper presents an overview of the most commonly used methodologies for assessing the component composition of meat products. Quality assessment of meat products includes control of components of finished products. The most difficult task is to determine the proportion of muscle protein in multicomponent meat products that have undergone heat treatment.Unfair production and products that do not comply with the declared labeling are currently an acute problem in the field of technical regulation, including with regard to food safety and quality. Given the high added value and multicomponent composition, finished meat products are among the most susceptible to adulteration. Despite the best efforts of regulatory agencies to counteract these inconsistencies, the hidden substitution of cheaper or lower-grade meats is still widespread. One of the main tasks facing research laboratories and testing centers today is the detection of falsification of food products, as well as standardization and certification of techniques necessary to solve such problems. The manufacturer, aware of the current control methods, can go to the deception, using vegetable protein, new unregistered feed additives. To determine the complex changes that occur in products, it is necessary to use methodological approaches in which it is possible to reliably determine these changes. The paper presents an overview of the most commonly used methodologies for assessing the component composition of meat products. Quality assessment of meat products includes control of components of finished products. The most difficult task is to determine the proportion of muscle protein in multicomponent meat products that have undergone heat treatment

CURRENT PROBLEMS OF DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION IN SECONDARY EDUCATION

Introduction. The article continues the series of publications within the framework of the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (RFBR) project “Construction of a Fundamental Model for the Digital Transformation of the General Education System”. Aim. The aim of the study was to analyse the current state of development of digital educational services and the development of digital competencies by participants in the educational process. Methodology and research methods. The authors used the materials from a number of secondary monitoring studies; however, the current research is based on completely original material. The data obtained during the survey are published for the first time. The main method of collecting information is an electronic questionnaire based on Google forms. The survey respondents were participants in the educational process, predominantly permanently residing in the territory of the Sverdlovsk region (99% of respondents). The survey was conducted on a voluntary and completely anonymous basis. Results. The research results of the study suggest that the mastery of digital technologies by the participants in the educational process is insignificantly associated with the implementation of state strategic programmes in the field of digital transformation of education. Although the ongoing changes such as the development of digital infrastructure in the school, the accumulation of digital educational content, the development of specialised services, the increase in the level of digital literacy of teachers are necessary. However, within the framework of the existing education management system, the aforementioned changes do not provide significant motivation for the actual use of opportunities of digital infosphere in education. Accordingly, at the moment, the transformation process is taking place according to the worst (inertial) scenario. Scientific novelty. The article makes it possible to more accurately assess the situation in regional education in order to make current management decisions and provides reference points for longitudinal research aimed at achieving the main goal of the project as a potential basis for the educational strategy of the Russian Federation. © 2023 Russian State Vocational Pedagogical University. All rights reserved.Russian Foundation for Basic Research, РФФИ: 19-29-14176; Russian Academy of Sciences, РАНAbstract. Introduction. The article continues the series of publications within the framework of the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (RFBR) project “Construction of a Fundamental Model for the Digital Transformation of the General Education System”.The reported study was funded by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (RFBR), project number 19-29-14176. The authors of the article express their gratitude to the Institute for the Development of Education of the Sverdlovsk Region for their assistance in organising and conducting the survey, as well as in processing statistical data. The authors thank Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences and Russian Academy of Education A. L. Semenov for his help in developing the research methodology

Factors, effecting on drug bioavailability

Effects such as excipients, type and general physico-chemical properties of drug form, some of technological manufacturing approaches of the drug forms on bioavailability were consider. Effects of the above-listed factors on the examples used in medical practice were demonstrated