Three Decades of Rural Development Projects in Asia, Latin America, and Africa: Learning From Successes and Failures

rural development, donor policy, project evaluation

Three decades of rural development projects in Asia, Latin America and Africa: Learning from successes and failures

This article aims to contribute to the discussion about how to make development interventions more effective by analyzing the factors contributing to the success or failure of rural development projects. We made an aggregate level analysis of 46 projects in the field of agricultural research (AR), water management (WM), natural resource management (NRM), and integrated rural development (IRD), financed by the Netherlands’ Directorate-General for International Cooperation (DGIS) and carried out between 1975-2005 in Asia, Africa and Latin America. Making a distinction between the successful projects and failures, we showed the possibilities and limitations of evaluating projects on the basis of the official criteria (relevance, efficiency, effectiveness, sustainability and impact and/or using criteria such as poverty, gender, institutional development, governance and environment). We learned that project performance very much depends on whether interventions ‘keep track’ with local priorities and trends. This is much more important than ‘measuring output’ (are results in line with the project goal?) which is wrongly presented as a priority in monitoring and evaluation practices

International migration and national development in Sub-Saharan Africa. Viewpoints and policy initiatives in the countries of origin

Zoomers A, van Naerssen T. International migration and national development in Sub-Saharan Africa. Viewpoints and policy initiatives in the countries of origin. COMCAD Arbeitspapiere - working papers, 32. Bielefeld: COMCAD - Center on Migration, Citizenship and Development; 2007

Правова відповідальність

У статті досліджено актуальні питання правової відповідальності.В статье исследованы актуальные вопросы правовой ответственности.The actual questions of law responsibility are researched in the article

Degradación ambiental en América Latina: el caso de Paraguay.

Sin resume

В портфеле редакции

This paper argues that global linkages, flows and circulations merit a more central place in theorization about local development. In particular, we make connections across two dominant types of global flows that shape our world tremendously: international migration and large-scale land investments. The paper compares the two hypes and underlines the similarities in their genealogy, rhetoric and push for good governance as a solution. It then maps out the emergent geographies of local development given rise by these two ntersecting global flows and discusses how they hinder the road to inclusive and sustainable development. While analysing the consequences of the two global flows, we probe the mileage of two interlinked influential concepts in development studies: the notion 'development as freedom' and the Sustainable Livelihood Approach. We conclude that the relational aspects of livelihood and development, positionality of the local vis-à-vis the global or external, and transformations coming from the outside should be central in our renewed conceptualisation about local development

Эффективность лигирования наружной сонной артерии с целью остановки кровотечения из неоперабельных злокачественных опухолей челюстно-лицевой области

Резюме. Согласно клиническим наблюдениям и гистологическим исследованиям возможно имплантационное метастазирование при применении традиционного доступа к наружной сонной артерии в случаях необходимости ее перевязки при неоперабельных злокачественных опухолях челюстно-лицевой области. Эффективность этого сосуда для остановки кровотечения из опухоли, локализующейся в области корня языка, дистальных отделов дна полости рта и ротоглотки недостаточна. Последнее обстоятельство мы связываем с тем, что в лигатуру не попала восходящая глоточная артерия, которую трудно идентифицировать при традиционном доступе. В разработанном нами доступе к наружной сонной артерии удалось избежать указанных недостатков, что подтверждено клиническими наблюдениями и гистологическими исследованиями. Ключевые слова: наружная сонная артерия, лимфатические узлы, регионарные метастазы, кровотечение, лигатура, имплантационные метастазы.Summary. As proved by clinical observations and histological examinations, the use of a traditional access in cases where delitigation of the external carotid artery is needed in patients with nonresectable malignant maxillofacial tumors may result in surgical implantation of metastases. There are also evidences that this vessel is not efficient enough to control bleeding in tumors located close to the root of the tongue or in distant areas of the mouth floor or the oropharynx. This latter effect can be caused by a failure to apply the ligature in such a way as to include the ascending pharyngeal artery, which is difficult to identify when the traditional access is used. The method to access the external carotid artery proposed by the authors is free from the above-mentioned flaws; this is proved by clinical observations and histological examinations. Key Words: external carotid artery, lymph nodes, regional metastases, bleeding, ligature, implanted metastases

The impact of foreign real estate investment on land prices: evidence from Mauritius

This paper examines the impact of foreign real estate on land prices in Mauritius. Using a panel dataset comprising price, quantity and other information for a variety of luxury villas and apartments, we show that the price of land paid by locals has been pushed up by a modest 4-22% in total as a result of these developments. We also examine the determinants of the prices of the dwellings in these schemes, finding that they are strongly related to the sizes of the plots, whether they have ocean views and the desirability of the region in which they are sited, although there remains considerable unexplained heterogeneity

International migration and national development in Sub-Saharan Africa: viewpoints and policy initiatives in the countries of origin ; paper presented at the conference on ‘Transnationalisation and Development(s): Towards a North-South Perspective’, Center for Interdisciplinary Research, Bielefeld, Germany, May 31 - June 01, 2007

Der vorliegende Beitrag stellt die Ergebnisse eines Projektes vor, in dem es zum einen um die Beziehung zwischen Migration und Entwicklung aus Entwicklungsländerperspektive geht und zum anderen um die Minimierung der negativen Effekte dieser Beziehung. Dabei stehen die Länder Afrikas südlich der Sahara im Mittelpunkt des Interesses. Zunächst erfolgt ein kurzer überblick über die Inhalte und Methoden des Projektes. Anschließend werden die Ergebnisse vorgestellt, wobei zunächst eine Typisierung der internationalen Arbeitsmigration nach Zielländern erfolgt. Im Anschluss daran werden die unterschiedlichen Migrationswege und -arten untersucht. Danach widmen sich die Autoren den Gemeinsamkeiten und Unterschieden in den Herkunftsländern. Abschließend erfolgt ein Überblick über politische Initiativen in einzelnen Ländern sowie über die Diasporagemeinden in den Niederlanden. (ICD)Contents: Acknowledgement; 0. Background; 1. Summary of project results; 1. Introduction; 2. The characteristics of international labour migration: towards a typology; 3. Migration routes from sub-Saharan Africa and recent trends; 4. Viewpoints in the areas of origin: common issues; 5. Issues on the policy agenda: a country overview; 6. A summary of concrete policy initiatives; 7. Intermezzo: African diaspora organisations in the Netherlands and development; 8. Final reflections, recommendations and suggestions for follow up; Appendix 1: Suggestions for follow-up research (in line with the policy recommendations); 1. Migration hubs and transit migration; 2. Migration as a booming business; 3. The image and reputation of various EU-countries as areas of destination; 4. Migrants as competitors and rivals; 5. Embassies, diplomatic relations and the institutionalisation of migration; 6. International migration, land speculation/ foreign-fundia and land titling; 7. Migrant and diaspora organisations (in relation to civil society); Appendix 2: Ideas for PhD projects; Project 1: International Migration and European Borders; Project 2: Migration and Home: settlement and removal in the EU; Project 3: Migration and Transnational Networks: diasporas within the EU, new networks and the impact for development