L'oxygénothérapie hyperbare dans le traitement de la paralysie cérébrale : arnaque ou traitement approprié?

L'oxygénothérapie hyperbare (OTH) consiste à soumettre un patient à des taux de pression plus élevés que la pression atmosphérique normale et de lui faire respirer 100 % d'oxygène. Cette approche a été mise à l'essai pour le traitement de nombreuses conditions médicales avec succès dans certains cas alors pour d'autres sa validité reste encore à démontrer. Dans le cas de la paralysie cérébrale son utilisation a soulevé de nombreuses controverses et les études conduites jusqu'alors n'ont pas encore convaincu tous les membres de la communauté scientifique et ce, malgré certains effets positifs mis en évidence. Une récente étude qui a montré des améliorations notables chez des enfants atteints de paralysie cérébrale (PC) traités avec de l'air légèrement pressurisé, de même que chez ceux traités avec un protocole standard pour l'oxygénothérapie hyperbare (l'OTH), est invoquée pour nier l'efficacité de l'OTH. Des considérations politiques et économiques, plutôt que purement scientifiques, jouent un rôle important dans cette controverse. Des recherches systématiques supplémentaires sont requises, mais entre-temps, comme les effets thérapeutiques de cette approche semblent plus importants que ceux des thérapies actuellement acceptées dans le traitement de la paralysie cérébrale, les enfants atteints de cette condition ne devraient pas se faire refuser l'accès à l'OTH.Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBO) consist of subjecting a patient to elevated atmospheric pressure while the patient breathes 100% oxygen. This approach is considered the accepted treatment of choice for a number of medical conditions with success. In certain other conditions, the efficacy is still yet to demonstrated. In the case of cerebral palsy, the utilization of HBO has raised a number of controversial issues in the studies conducted. It has yet to convince the members of the scientific community at large. This unfortunately has been interpreted as negative despite the positive reproducible evidence. Until now, the Canadian government has had reservations concerning the efficacy of this treatment for cerebral palsy. Elsewhere, in the United States and in Quebec there is a certain interest. Specific events in the eyes of some, lead us to believe that the reticence to recognize Hyperbaric oxygen therapy as an effective treatment of cerebral palsy is more based on politics and economics rather than on the science that is available to support its use

The z-spectrum from human blood at 7T

Chemical Exchange Saturation Transfer (CEST) has been used to assess healthy and pathological tissue in both animals and humans. However, the CEST signal from blood has not been fully assessed. This paper presents the CEST and nuclear Overhauser enhancement (NOE) signals detected in human blood measured via z-spectrum analysis. We assessed the effects of blood oxygenation levels, haematocrit, cell structure and pH upon the z-spectrum in ex vivo human blood for different saturation powers at 7T. The data were analysed using Lorentzian difference (LD) model fitting and AREX (to compensate for changes in T1), which have been successfully used to study CEST effects in vivo. Full Bloch-McConnell fitting was also performed to provide an initial estimate of exchange rates and transverse relaxation rates of the various pools. CEST and NOE signals were observed at 3.5 ppm, -1.7ppm and -3.5 ppm and were found to originate primarily from the red blood cells (RBCs), although the amide proton transfer (APT) CEST effect, and NOEs showed no dependence upon oxygenation levels. Upon lysing, the APT and NOE signals fell significantly. Different pH levels in blood resulted in changes in both the APT and NOE (at -3.5ppm), which suggests that this NOE signal is in part an exchange relayed process. These results will be important for assessing in vivo z-spectra

Colonist, 1886-12-06

The Colonist began on 6 March 1886, changing its name to The Newfoundland Colonist after 18 July 1891. Having printed local and international news Monday to Saturday for six years, the paper came to an abrupt end when its offices were destroyed in The Great Fire of 8 July 1892.Title variations recorded in Alternative Title, as needed

Evolutionary Models of Migratory Systems. A Behavioural Approach with Application on Intraurban Mobility in Toronto CMA, 1966-1976

In this thesis a general and formal conceptualization, within any type of migration can be studied is proposed. This framework results from the merging of two different traditions of research. The first has its roots in statistical mechanics and is expressed by what is known as evolutionary models. In this respect we follow the master equation formulation of Weidlich and Haag(1983). The second tradition has its roots in probabilistic choice theory and is expressed by the nested logit model. Our particular formulation in this respect follows the derivation of Ben-Akiva and Lerman(1985). We demonstrate that, as evolutionary, our framework is more general than the existing dynamic frameworks. In addition, due to its connection to choice theory it has behavioural characteristics. The connection between the master equation and the nested logit model is provided by the migration rates or equivalently by the set of probabilities of individuals moving between any two zones of the system. We argue that to a set of observed migration rates and population distribution corresponds, through a set of linear equations derived from the master equation, a unique equilibrium population distribution which indicates the tendency of the system at the moment of observation. Thus, the dynamic equilibrium is dependent on the socioeconomic conditions prevailing in the system through the migration rates. Due to the level of aggregation of the available intrametropolitan household head migration data for the Toronto CMA and for the two time periods; 1966-71 and 1971-76, only one part of the nested logit model, the destination choice model, can be meaningfully calibrated. The results show that distance, the percentage of houses built before 1946, the number of new houses built during the study period and the density of the population are statistically significant predictor variables. We also undertaken a preliminary analysis of the impact of new house completions in Toronto City in the 1971-76 time period on the tendency of the system expressed by the dynamic equilibrium discussed above.Doctor of Philosophy (PhD

Daily Eastern News: October 06, 1936

https://thekeep.eiu.edu/den_1936_oct/1000/thumbnail.jp