Responses of plasma levels of irisin, follistatin and insulin resistance index to two types of high intensity interval training in overweight men

Background and Purpose: Irisin is an exercise-stimulated hormone that affects white adipose tissue and brown adipose tissue. Based on the previous studies, physical activity increases the expression of proteins such as follistatin, which causes weight loss by increasing energy expenditure and through this has an effect on the insulin resistance index. The present study aimed to investigate the response of plasma levels of irisin, follistatin, and insulin resistance index to two types of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) in overweight men. Materials and Methods: For this purpose, 33 overweight men (mean age 22.9±2.11 years, weight 82.45±6.1 kg, body mass index 26.7±1.22 kg/m²) who were able to regularly attend physical activity voluntarily participated in the study and were randomly divided into three groups: 30-s HIIT groups (HIIT-30), 60-s HIIT (HIIT-60), and control. The training protocol was performed three sessions per week for eight weeks. The HIIT-30 exercise program included eight repetitions of 30-second activity at an intensity of 80-90% of the maximum heart rate with a two-minute recovery for the first four weeks, ten repetitions for the fifth and sixth weeks, and twelve repetitions for the seventh and eighth weeks. The HIIT-60 exercise program included four repetitions of 60-second activity at an intensity of 80-90% of the maximum heart rate with a four-minute recovery for the first four weeks, five repetitions for the fifth and sixth weeks, and six repetitions for the seventh and eighth weeks. The control group did not attend any regular exercise program during the research. Blood samples were taken to measure levels of Irisin, follistatin, and determine the insulin resistance index. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and paired t-test were utilized at a level of P≤0.05 to compare means of parameters. Results: The within-group comparisons for irisin and follistatin data showed that there is a significant difference between pre-test and post-test in the 30-s HIIT and 60-s HIIT groups (P<0.05). The results of ANOVA indicated that the 30-s HIIT and 60-s HIIT protocols increased the levels of irisin (P<0.05), follistatin (P<0.05), and reduced insulin resistance index significantly (P<0.05). The between-group comparisons of the data showed no significant differences between the HIIT-30 group and the HIIT-60 group for all variables. Conclusion: According to the results of this research, it could be concluded that, the two HIIT methods of 30 and 60 seconds by increasing irisin and follistatin levels can cause weight loss, treat obesity and improve the insulin resistance index in overweight men

The Effect of Six-Week Aerobic Interval Training on Some Blood Lipids and VO2max in Female Athlete Students

AbstractAge is associated with increases in body weight, body fat, and abdominal fat. The weakening of the cardiovascular system associated with aging could be countered by increasing levels of physical activity and functional fitness. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of six-week aerobic interval training on some Blood lipids and VO2max in female athlete students. Thus, 15 players of university's teams with an average age of 19.4–25.7, height of 158.8–172.6 centimetres, and weight of 45.3–63.8kg were chosen. The effect of six- week aerobic interval training on body weight, waist circumference, body mass index, triglycerides, total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol and VO2max was evaluated on pre and post test. The subjects participated in four weekly 60–75minute training sessions in a 6week period. Descriptive statistic and t-Test at (α=0.05) were used to analyze data. The results showed that there was a significant difference in body weight, waist circumference, body mass index, triglycerides, total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol and VO2max. According to the results, the training programs produced significant benefits on some blood lipids and VO2max in athletes

The effect of aquatic exercise on cystatine C, fibrinogen, CRP and lipid profile

One of the main reasons for heart attacks are imbalance of homeostasis system which can cause thrombosis and lead to heart attacks. This study explored the effects of aquatic exercise on the fibrinogen, CRP, cystatine C and Lipid profile of nonathletic students. A total of 30 female nonathletes with aged 18-27 years were selected randomly divided the two groups of aerobic and control. The aerobic group took part in three weekly sessions of aerobic exercises during a twelve week period. Fibrinogen, CRP, cystatine C, triglyceride, cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) factors were studied through obtained blood samples. Findings showed that aquatic exercises led to a significant decline in the subjects’ fibrinogen (P=.037), cystatine C (P=.013), triglyceride (P=.005) and cholesterol (P=.003) levels. but did not cause significant differences in other variables. This study concluded that routine aerobic training can decrease the threat of cardiovascular disease through the decrease of some inflammatory indices such as fibrinogen and cystatine C.Publishe

The Effect of a 6 Week Isotonic Training Period on Lower Body Muscle EMG Changes in Volleyball Players

AbstractThis study focused on the effect of a 6week isotonic training period on lower body muscle EMG changes in university volleyball players. Thus, 15 players of a university's volleyball team with an average age of 18.4–23.7, height of 178.7–194.3 centimetres, and weight of 65.3–83.5kg were chosen. The subjects participated in four weekly 45–60 minute training sessions in a 6week period. Before and after 6week period the EMG for the biceps femoris and gracilis were checked. A paired t-test with α=0.05 was used. The results revealed that 6weeks of isotonic training had a significant effect (p<0.05) on the EMG of the biceps femoris while performing the Squat Movement but the EMG for the biceps femoris was insignificant (p>0.05) in the vertical jump. According to the results, isotonic training can increase the EMG of lower body mscles in athletes

The Effect of One Season of Preparation and Competition on Some Factors of Fibrinolysis, D-dimer, and CRP in Professional Athletes

Background and Objectives: The fibrinolytic system is an important physiological mechanism, the function of which is decomposition of fibrin strands in blood vessels. In the present study, the effect of one season of preparation and competition, was investigated on fibrinolysis, D-dimer, and CRP indices in professional soccer players. &nbsp; Methods: In this semi-experimental study, 10 soccer players of Sanat Naft Abadan (age, 22.5&plusmn;2.7 years; weight, 71&plusmn;4kg; height, 178.5&plusmn;4.5cm; BMI, 22.2&plusmn;0.4kg/m2), participated in this study. The subjects performed one season of soccer preparation and competition, which lasted about 10 months. Blood samples (for measuring t-PA, PAI-1, D-dimer, and CRP), were taken in four stages: before the preparation season, after the preparation season, half-season, and at the end of competition season. Data were analyzed using repeated ANOVA and Bonferroni tests. &nbsp; Results: The training period caused a significant change in t-PA (p=0.003) and PAI-1 (p=0.005) resting levels, but caused no change in D-dimer and CRP resting levels. The paired analysis of the data showed a significant difference between the resting levels of t-PA (p=0.002) and PAI-1 (p=0.004) before the preparation period and after the competition season. &nbsp; Conclusion: According to the findings of this research, training causes an increase in the fibrinolysis system potential, hence, this may cause a decrease in the formation of thrombosis in professional soccer players. &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp

The Effect of 8- Week's Anaerobic Intermittent Exercises on The Amount of Fibrinogen, CRP and VO2max in Student Athletes

AbstractStudies show that a severe exercise leads to changes on the surface of acute phase proteins. In today's industrial society cardiovascular disease is the main cause of death. This study focuses on the effect of 8- week anaerobic intermittent exercises on the amount of fibrinogen, CRP and VO2max in student athletes. 10 of the university's team members with an average age of 22±3, height of 174±4.2 centimeters, and weight of 66±3.31 kilograms voluntarily participated in this study. The subjects participated in three weekly anaerobic intermittent exercises sessions for a period of 8-week. The fibrinogen, C-reactive protein (CRP) and VO2max was measured before and after this period. Blood samples were collected before and after training sessions, after 12hours fasting. The data was analyzed A paired t-test with α≤0.05. Results showed the 8week of anaerobic intermittent exercises caused a significant decrease in the subjects’ fibrinogen and CRP levels and a significant increase in the level of VO2max

The effect of eight-week sprint and endurance interval training on some lung volumes and capacities in female nonathletic students at Islamic Azad University of Abadan

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to examine the effect of eight-week sprint and endurance interval training on some lung volumes and capacities in female nonathletic students at Islamic Azad University of Abadan. 45 subjects (18 – 26 year old) were matched into three groups follow Control group, sprint interval training group and endurance interval training group. The effect of eightweek sprint and endurance interval training on Tidal Volume, Inspiratory Reserve Volume, Expiratory Reserve Volume, Residual Volume, Vital Capacity and Total Lung Capacity was evaluated on pre and post test. Descriptive statistic and Manova and follow up Tukey Test at (α=0.05) were used to analyze data. The results showed that there was a significant increase in Expiratory Reserve Volume and Total Lung Capacity