Grouping related attributes

Grouping objects that are described by attributes, or clustering is a central notion in data mining. On the other hand, similarity or relationships between attributes themselves is equally important but relatively unexplored. Such groups of attributes are also known as directories, concept hierarchies or topics depending on the underlying data domain. The similarities between the two problems of grouping objects and attributes might suggest that traditional clustering techniques are applicable. This thesis argues that traditional clustering techniques fail to adequately capture the solution we seek. It also explores domain-independent techniques for grouping attributes. The notion of similarity between attributes and therefore clustering in categorical datasets has not received adequate attention. This issue has seen renewed interest in the knowledge discovery community, spurred on by the requirements of personalization of information and online search technology. The problem is broken down into (a) quantification of this notion of similarity and (b) the subsequent formation of groups, retaining attributes similar enough in the same group based on metrics that we will attempt to derive. Both aspects of the problem are carefully studied. The thesis also analyzes existing domainindependent approaches to building distance measures, proposing and analyzing iii several such measures for quantifying similarity, thereby providing a foundation for future work in grouping relevant attributes. The theoretical results are supported by experiments carried out on a variety of datasets from the text-mining, web-mining, social networks and transaction analysis domains. The results indicate that traditional clustering solutions are inadequate within this problem framework. They also suggest a direction for the development of distance measures for the quantification of the concept of similarity between categorical attributes

Design of a low-velocity impact framework for evaluating space-grade materials

Material deformation and failure under impact loading is a subject of active investigation in space science and often requires very specialized equipment for testing. In this work, we present the design, operational analysis and application of a low-velocity ($\sim 100$ m/s) projectile impact framework for evaluating the deformation and failure of space-grade materials. The system is designed to be modular and easily adaptable to various test geometries, while enabling accurate quantitative evaluation of plastic flow. Using coupled numerical methods and experimental techniques, we first establish an operating procedure for the system. Following this, its performance in two complementary impact configurations is demonstrated using numerical and experimental analysis. In the first, a Taylor impact test is performed for predicting the deformed shape of a cylindrical projectile impinging on a rigid substrate. In the second, deformation of a plate struck by a rigid projectile is evaluated. In both cases, physics-based models are used to interpret the resulting fields. We present a discussion of how the system may be used both for material property estimation (e.g., dynamic yield strength) as well as for failure evaluation (e.g., perforation and fracture) in the same projectile impact configuration

Hubungan Antara Empati dengan Perilaku Agresi Siswa RegulerSMKN 2 Malang Kepada Teman Sekelas Yang Berkebutuhan Khusus (ABK)

ABSTRAK Reubun, Sinta Oktavia Ayu Dawara. 2015. Hubungan Antara Empati dengan Perilaku Agresi Siswa RegulerSMKN 2 Malang Kepada Teman Sekelas Yang Berkebutuhan Khusus (ABK). Skripsi, Jurusan Psikologi, Fakultas Pendidikan Psikologi, Universitas Negri Malang; Pembimbing (I) Dr.Tutut Chusniyah, M.Si (II) Drs. H. Mohammad Bisri, M.Si.  Kata Kunci: empati, agresi siswa reguler terhadap ABK.  Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah (1) untuk mengetahui gambaran empati siswa reguler SMKN 2 Malamg kepada teman sekelas yang berkebutuhan khusus (ABK), (2) untuk mengetahui gambaran agresi siswa reguler SMKN 2 Malamg kepada teman sekelas yang berkebutuhan khusus (ABK) (3) untuk mengetahui hubungan antara  empati dan perilaku agresi siswa reguler SMKN 2 Malamg kepada teman sekelas yang berkebutuhan khusus (ABK).Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan deskriptif dan korelasional. Subyek peneliti berjumlah 63 siswa kelas X administrasi perhotelan (AP)  yang di peroleh dengan menggunakan tehnik cluster sampling berdasarkan kriteriayang telah ditentukan, yaitu kelas reguler yang didalamnya pernah terjadi perilaku agresi dari siswa reguler kepada teman sekelas berkebutuhan khusus (ABK). Pengambilan data penelitian menggunakan skala empati dan skala agresi. Data dianalisis secara deskriptif menggunakan skor Z, dan dianalisis korelasi menggunakan teknik analisis pearson correlation.Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar  siswa kelas X administrasi perhotelan (AP) (1) memiliki tingkat empati yang tinggi (2) memiliki tingkat agresifitas yang tinggi (3) ada hubungan yang negatif antara empati dengan agresi dengan nilai r  = -0,262dan p = 0,03

Synthesis, characterization, antimicrobial, pesticidal and DNA cleavage activity of germanium(IV) derivatives of 3-(2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-benzthiazo-2-yl)-chromen-2-one and N′-[1-2-oxo-2H-chrome-3yl-ethylidene]-hydrazinecarbodithionic acid benzyl ester ligands

Abstract The new ligands 3-(2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-benzthiazo-2-yl)-chromen-2one (AcBzH) and N′-[1-2-oxo-2H-chrome-3yl-ethylidene]-hydrazinecarbodithionic acid benzyl ester (AcBDTZH) were prepared by the reaction of 3-acetyl-2H-chromen-2-one with 2-aminothiophenol and S-benzyl dithiocarbazate, respectively. The germanium(IV) complexes have been prepared by reacting Ph3GeCl and Me3GeCl in 1:1 molar ratio with these monofunctional bidentate AcBzH and AcBDTZH ligands by using microwave as well as conventional heating methods for comparison purposes. All the synthesized compounds were characterized by elemental analyses, melting point, IR, 1H-NMR 13C-NMR, mass and X-ray powder diffraction techniques. These studies showed that the ligands coordinated to the germanium atom in a monobasic bidentate manner and trigonal bipyramidal environment around the germanium atom have been established for the complexes. To evaluate the effect of metal ion upon chelation, both ligands and their complexes have been screened for their antimicrobial activity against the various pathogenic bacterial and fungal strains. The metal complexes have shown antimicrobial activity as compared to the free ligands. The pesticidal activity and DNA cleavage activity of both ligands and their metal complexes have been tested and discussed.</jats:p