Social differences of intra-urban residence mobility processes in Buenos Aires Metropolitan Area (Argentina)

Este trabajo presenta los resultados de una investigación sobre movilidad residencial entre familias residentes en barrios y localidades del Área Metropolitana de Buenos Aires (AMBA). El tema de la movilidad residencial intra-urbana y de las decisiones asociadas a las trayectorias residenciales ha recibido muy escasa atención en los estudios urbanos en Argentina. Mientras que la cuestión de la migración urbano-rural ha sido ampliamente explorada en los países en vías de desarrollo, en general, y en Argentina, en particular, el tema de la movilidad residencial intra-urbana y de las decisiones asociadas a las trayectorias residenciales ha recibido escasa atención. Cuando se han interesado por la movilidad espacial, los estudios urbanos han privilegiado el análisis de la cuestión de la migración rural-urbano y de los desplazamientos campo-ciudad (centrándose casi exclusivamente en las experiencias de familias de sectores populares).El artículo se propone (re)orientar la mirada hacia los movimientos residenciales intra-urbanos, en general, y hacia las trayectorias residenciales que ocurren en el Área Metropolitana de Buenos Aires (AMBA), en particular. Se presentan los resultados de una investigación sobre movilidad residencial entre familias residentes en el AMBA a través de la aplicación de encuestas y entrevistas biográficas. Se concluye que las familias de sectores medios y populares difieren en sus pautas de movilidad residencial en cuanto a la movilidad de las trayectorias, los cambios en la situación de la tenencia y el tipo de estrategias habitacionales que ponen en juego

La nueva pobreza urbana: dinámica global, regional y argentina en las últimas dos décadas

Incluye BibliografíaThis article analyses the various dimensions of the "new poverty"which emerged during the 1980s and 1990s. It begins with a review ofthe definitions of the term in Europe, the United States and several LatinAmerican countries. The case of Argentina is then examined, paying closeattention to the pauperization of the middle class in that country at severalpoints between the mid-1970s and the crisis of 2001. Structural poverty-an older phenomenon- is used as a point of reference to describethe characteristics of the new impoverishment, the adaptation strategiesevolved to address it using cultural and social capital, the erosion ofcollective social identity and the urban dimension of pauperization. Thearticle concludes with an analysis of the transformations experienced bythe new poor since the issue was first examined, as well as the specificchallenges it poses for public policy

Saneamiento y renovación urbana

Sanear el Riachuelo-río Matanza implica una renovación de sectores urbanos ubicados en su cuenca, lo que plantea el desafío de establecer una política urbanística que vaya más allá del diseño de la ciudad y aborde el manejo integral del territorio.Fil: Di Virgilio, Maria Mercedes. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Sociales. Instituto de Investigaciones "Gino Germani"; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentin

Analysis of ring laser gyroscopes including laser dynamics

Inertial sensors stimulate very large interest, not only for their application but also for fundamental physics tests. Ring laser gyros, which measure angular rotation rate, are certainly among the most sensitive inertial sensors, with excellent dynamic range and bandwidth. Large area ring laser gyros are routinely able to measure fractions of prad/s, with high duty cycle and bandwidth, providing fast, direct and local measurement of relevant geodetic and geophysical signals. Improvements of a factor $10-100$ would open the windows for general relativity tests, as the GINGER project, an Earth based experiment aiming at the Lense-Thirring test at $1\%$ level. However, it is well known that the dynamics of the laser induces non-linearities, and those effects are more evident in small scale instruments. Sensitivity and accuracy improvements are always worthwhile, and in general there is demand for high sensitivity environmental study and development of inertial platforms, where small scale transportable instruments should be used. We discuss a novel technique to analyse the data, aiming at studying and removing those non-linearity. The analysis is applied to the two ring laser prototypes GP2 and GINGERINO, and angular rotation rate evaluated with the new and standard methods are compared. The improvement is evident, it shows that the back-scatter problem of the ring laser gyros is negligible with a proper analysis of the data, improving the performances of large scale ring laser gyros, but also indicating that small scale instruments with sensitivity of nrad/s are feasible.Comment: 9 pages and 7 figure

Interferometric length metrology for the dimensional control of ultra-stable Ring Laser Gyroscopes

We present the experimental test of a method for controlling the absolute length of the diagonals of square ring laser gyroscopes. The purpose is to actively stabilize the ring cavity geometry and to enhance the rotation sensor stability in order to reach the requirements for the detection of the relativistic Lense-Thirring effect with a ground-based array of optical gyroscopes. The test apparatus consists of two optical cavities 1.32 m in length, reproducing the features of the ring cavity diagonal resonators of large frame He-Ne ring laser gyroscopes. The proposed measurement technique is based on the use of a single diode laser, injection locked to a frequency stabilized He-Ne/Iodine frequency standard, and a single electro-optic modulator. The laser is modulated with a combination of three frequencies allowing to lock the two cavities to the same resonance frequency and, at the same time, to determine the cavity Free Spectral Range (FSR). We obtain a stable lock of the two cavities to the same optical frequency reference, providing a length stabilization at the level of 1 part in $10^{11}$, and the determination of the two FSRs with a relative precision of 0.2 ppm. This is equivalent to an error of 500 nm on the absolute length difference between the two cavities

Rotational sensitivity of the "G-Pisa" gyrolaser

G-Pisa is an experiment investigating the possibility to operate a high sensitivity laser gyroscope with area less than $1 \rm m^2$ for improving the performances of the mirrors suspensions of the gravitational wave antenna Virgo. The experimental set-up consists in a He-Ne ring laser with a 4 mirrors square cavity. The laser is pumped by an RF discharge where the RF oscillator includes the laser plasma in order to reach a better stability. The contrast of the Sagnac fringes is typically above 50% and a stable regime has been reached with the laser operating both single mode or multimode. The effect of hydrogen contamination on the laser was also checked. A low-frequency sensitivity, below $1 \rm Hz$, in the range of $10^{-8} \rm {(rad / s)/ \sqrt{Hz}}$ has been measured.Comment: 6 pages, 6 figures, presented at the EFTF-IFCS joint conference 200

A 1.82 m^2 ring laser gyroscope for nano-rotational motion sensing

We present a fully active-controlled He-Ne ring laser gyroscope, operating in square cavity 1.35 m in side. The apparatus is designed to provide a very low mechanical and thermal drift of the ring cavity geometry and is conceived to be operative in two different orientations of the laser plane, in order to detect rotations around the vertical or the horizontal direction. Since June 2010 the system is active inside the Virgo interferometer central area with the aim of performing high sensitivity measurements of environmental rotational noise. So far, continuous not attempted operation of the gyroscope has been longer than 30 days. The main characteristics of the laser, the active remote-controlled stabilization systems and the data acquisition techniques are presented. An off-line data processing, supported by a simple model of the sensor, is shown to improve the effective long term stability. A rotational sensitivity at the level of ten nanoradiants per squareroot of Hz below 1 Hz, very close to the required specification for the improvement of the Virgo suspension control system, is demonstrated for the configuration where the laser plane is horizontal

State-led Gentrification and urban entrepreneurship in Autonomous City of Buenos Aires

A partir de la experiencia de la Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, el artículo reflexiona sobre la gentrificación como una estrategia de desarrollo urbano impulsada por diversos gobiernos locales de la región, en un contexto de difusión del empresarialismo urbano. En este marco, el Gobierno de la Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires impulsó, desde 1990, un intenso proceso de transformación urbana en el área central y en los barrios del sudeste, generando un tipo particular de interrelación con el sector privado que promueve la gentrificación en barrios del sudeste de la ciudad. Como consecuencia, han emergido recurrentemente conflictos urbanos que se oponen al modelo de desarrollo urbano impulsado desde el GCABA y reivindican el derecho a la ciudad para las mayorías. No obstante, todos estos conflictos mantienen un elevado nivel de fragmentación y no han logrado hasta el momento articularse en un único movimiento social urbano, lo que va en detrimento de las capacidades para modificar la orientación de las políticas urbanas locales.Based on the experience of the Autonomous City of Buenos Aires, this paper delves into gentrification as an urban development strategy driven by many local governments in the region, in the context of diffusion of urban entrepreneurialism. Buenos Aires local government has been promoting at least since1990 an intense process of urban transformation in the central area and the neighborhoods in the southeast area. The article postulates that interaction with the private sector promoted gentrification processes. As a result, they have repeatedly emerged conflicts that oppose to the urban development model promoted by the GCABA and claim the right to the city to the populace. However, these conflicts maintain a high level of fragmentation and have failed so far to articulate in a unique urban social movement, which undermines its power to impact on local urban policies.Fil: Di Virgilio, Mercedes. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Instituto Gino Germani.Fil: Guevara, Tomás. Universidad Nacional de Río Negro. Centro Interdisciplinario de Estudios sobre Territorio, Economía y Sociedad

Prospects for Stochastic Background Searches Using Virgo and LSC Interferometers

We consider the question of cross-correlation measurements using Virgo and the LSC Interferometers (LIGO Livingston, LIGO Hanford, and GEO600) to search for a stochastic gravitational-wave background. We find that inclusion of Virgo into the network will substantially improve the sensitivity to correlations above 200 Hz if all detectors are operating at their design sensitivity. This is illustrated using a simulated isotropic stochastic background signal, generated with an astrophysically-motivated spectrum, injected into 24 hours of simulated noise for the LIGO and Virgo interferometers.Comment: 11 pages, uses IOP style files, submitted to CQG for GWDAW11 proceedings; revised in response to referee comment