Neurological manifestations of COVID-19 in adults and children

Different neurological manifestations of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in adults and children and their impact have not been well characterized. We aimed to determine the prevalence of neurological manifestations and in-hospital complications among hospitalized COVID-19 patients and ascertain differences between adults and children. We conducted a prospective multicentre observational study using the International Severe Acute Respiratory and emerging Infection Consortium (ISARIC) cohort across 1507 sites worldwide from 30 January 2020 to 25 May 2021. Analyses of neurological manifestations and neurological complications considered unadjusted prevalence estimates for predefined patient subgroups, and adjusted estimates as a function of patient age and time of hospitalization using generalized linear models. Overall, 161 239 patients (158 267 adults; 2972 children) hospitalized with COVID-19 and assessed for neurological manifestations and complications were included. In adults and children, the most frequent neurological manifestations at admission were fatigue (adults: 37.4%; children: 20.4%), altered consciousness (20.9%; 6.8%), myalgia (16.9%; 7.6%), dysgeusia (7.4%; 1.9%), anosmia (6.0%; 2.2%) and seizure (1.1%; 5.2%). In adults, the most frequent in-hospital neurological complications were stroke (1.5%), seizure (1%) and CNS infection (0.2%). Each occurred more frequently in intensive care unit (ICU) than in non-ICU patients. In children, seizure was the only neurological complication to occur more frequently in ICU versus non-ICU (7.1% versus 2.3%, P < 0.001). Stroke prevalence increased with increasing age, while CNS infection and seizure steadily decreased with age. There was a dramatic decrease in stroke over time during the pandemic. Hypertension, chronic neurological disease and the use of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation were associated with increased risk of stroke. Altered consciousness was associated with CNS infection, seizure and stroke. All in-hospital neurological complications were associated with increased odds of death. The likelihood of death rose with increasing age, especially after 25 years of age. In conclusion, adults and children have different neurological manifestations and in-hospital complications associated with COVID-19. Stroke risk increased with increasing age, while CNS infection and seizure risk decreased with age

Pendampingan Penyusunan Sumber Dan Penggunaan Modal Kerja Usaha Kerajinan Tenun Tajung Rozzaq Jaya

Pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk memberikan pendampingan penyusunan Sumber dan penggunaan modal kerja. Pelaksanaan kegiatan ini dilakukan dengan memberikan pendampingan ,penyuluhan dan pembimbingan dalam keterkaitannya dengan modal kerja. Hasil keiatan menunjukkan bahwa pemilik usaha yang selama ini tidak memahami pentingnya penyusunan modal kerja akhirnya menyadari  manfaat penyusunan modal kerja tersebut. Pendampingan dalam pengabdian ini dimulai dengan dengan mengenalkan laporan keuangan setelah dengan memperkenalkan akun yang diperlukan seperti aset lancar, aset tetap, hutang dan modal. Setelah pemilik memahami cara menyusun secara sederhana, pendampingan dilanjutkan dengan memsimulasikan penyusunan modal kerja. Dalam simulasi tersebut pengabdi memperagakan laporan keuangan yang telah dibuat. Pemilik diajarkan bagaimana menyusun modal kerja, setelah di damping secara perlahan pemilik memahami cara penyusunan modal kerja. Dari simulasi penyusunan modal kerja yang dibuat ternyata usaha ini cukup baik dalam pengelolaan modal kerjanya.</jats:p

PENGARUH UAP ROKOK ELEKTRIK TERHADAP KUALITAS UDARA AMBIEN PADA LINGKUNGAN PENGGUNA ROKOK ELEKTRIK DI KOTA PAREPARE

Sumber pencemaran udara adalah hadirnya kontaminan di ruang terbuka dengan konsentrasi dan durasi yang sedemikian rupa, sehingga mengakibatkan gangguan, merugikan makhluk hidup dan menyebabkan kualitas udara tidak sesuai dengan peruntukannya. Kualitas udara terbagi menjadi dua, yaitu kualitas udara emisi dan kualitas udara ambien. Rokok elektrik  adalah suatu perangkat dengan tenaga baterai yang menyediakan dosis nikotin hirup memberikan efek sama seperti merokok konvensional. Uap rokok elektrik yang keluar, tetap saja masuk ke dalam polusi udara. Walaupun tidak sebanyak asap yang keluar dari rokok tembakau konvensional biasa, namun uap yang dihasilkan oleh rokok elektrik juga bisa dikategorikan sebagai polusi udara. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh uap rokok elektrik terhadap kualitas udara ambien pada ruangan terbuka dan pada ruangan tertutup di lingkungan pengguna rokok elektrik Kota Parepare. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode Quasy Eksperiment dengan desain penelitian one group pretest – post test. Peneliti mengidentifikasi melalui pengujian dengan menggunakan alat Yes Air kemudian dilakukan pencatatan ke dalam lembar observasi, dimana sampel dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 2 ruangan yaitu ruangan terbuka dan ruangan tertutup. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ada pengaruh uap rokok elektrik terhadap kualitas udara ambien pada ruangan terbuka dan pada ruangan tertutup di lingkungan pengguna rokok elektrik Kota Parepare. Penelitian ini menyarankan kepada pengelola cafe hendaknya memasangan exhaust fan agar parameter pencemar udara tidak mengendap di dalam ruangan.</jats:p

Educational Management Action Program for Pre-School

The purpose of this study aims to describe the strategies used by school principals and educators in group planning, learning management and effective assessment during the pandemic and post-Covid-19 pandemic at the age of 5 to 6 years were applied at TK Al Azhar 037 Banjarbaru and TKIT Robbani Banjarbaru. This study uses a qualitative approach with a multisite method. Collecting data through interviews, observation and documentation. The data processed are from reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. The results of the study is that educator empowerment strategy was carried out through the involvement of educators in planning, managing, fun-enjoyed, safety and student-friendly learning, and conducting effective assessments. The facility and infrastructure empowerment strategy is carried out through planning, task sharing and setting priority so that the used of media, facilities and infrastructure can be optimally and distributed. Strategies for parent empowerment through parent involvement in parenting, parent-community, and administration of Early Development Screening (DDTK).</jats:p

TINJAUAN YURIDIS ASAS PERADILAN SEDERHANA CEPAT DAN BIAYA RINGAN TERHADAP PUTUSAN EKONOMI SYARIAH PENGADILAN AGAMA KOTA MALANG TAHUN 2019

The existence of contract furtherly sharia economic contract can’t avoid from dispute’s risk. According of Act Number 3 of 2006 about Islamic Court, legal dispute resolution of sharia economic dispute is being Islamic Court’s authority. One of Islamic Court in Indonesia is Malang City Islamic Court which is must obey the principle of simple justice, quick, and low cost including SEMA Number 3 of 2014. From the beginning of observation, Malang City Islamic Court disobeying the principle of simple justice, quick, and low cost which implemented in SEMA Number 3 of 2014. The focus of this research is (1) what is the concept of the principle of simple justice, quick, and low cost in Indonesian’s act? And (2) what is legal view of the principle of simple justice, quick, and low cost about sharia economic verdict at Malang City Islamic Court in 2019? This research using library research and statue approach, also using legal material in the form of primary legal material, secondary legal material, and tertiary legal material for the example books, journals, acts, legal dictionary, etc. And then all of those legal material will be adjusted within the object of this research. The result of this research is the concept of the principle of simple justice, quick, and low cost can called principle is just because fulfill the meaning of legal principle and the function of legal principle. The principle of simple justice, quick, and low cost have been implemented in various judicial procedural law at Indonesia. Sharia economic verdict at Malang City Islamic Court in 2019 from legal view still can’t obey the principle of simple justice, quick, and low cost and also SEMA number 2 of 2014.</jats:p

Simple Design of Electronics Engine Management for Motorcycle

Abstract The use of an electronic system to regulate the injection system is a solution that can improve the performance and fuel efficiency of an engine. However, conventional vehicles require retrofit to be able to use the electronic fuel injection (EFI) system. The design uses a microcontroller system with ARM32 architecture. The inputs used to determine the duration and timing of the injection are a crankshaft position sensor (CKP), throttle position sensor (TPS), manifold absolute pressure (MAP), air temperature sensor (ATS), and lambda sensor. Before the sensor signal enters the microcontroller, the signal is filtered using a low pass filter (LPF) with a cut-off point of 50Hz. The actuator system consists of an injector. While the ignition system can use a capacitor discharge ignition (CDI). The novelty in this design is that the type of sensor can be replaced with a resistant type sensor. So that there will be many variants of the fuel injection system tuning retrofit that can be done with conventional motors.</jats:p

An appraisal of respiratory system compliance in mechanically ventilated covid-19 patients

Abstract Background Heterogeneous respiratory system static compliance (CRS) values and levels of hypoxemia in patients with novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) requiring mechanical ventilation have been reported in previous small-case series or studies conducted at a national level. Methods We designed a retrospective observational cohort study with rapid data gathering from the international COVID-19 Critical Care Consortium study to comprehensively describe CRS—calculated as: tidal volume/[airway plateau pressure-positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP)]—and its association with ventilatory management and outcomes of COVID-19 patients on mechanical ventilation (MV), admitted to intensive care units (ICU) worldwide. Results We studied 745 patients from 22 countries, who required admission to the ICU and MV from January 14 to December 31, 2020, and presented at least one value of CRS within the first seven days of MV. Median (IQR) age was 62 (52–71), patients were predominantly males (68%) and from Europe/North and South America (88%). CRS, within 48 h from endotracheal intubation, was available in 649 patients and was neither associated with the duration from onset of symptoms to commencement of MV (p = 0.417) nor with PaO2/FiO2 (p = 0.100). Females presented lower CRS than males (95% CI of CRS difference between females-males: − 11.8 to − 7.4 mL/cmH2O p &lt; 0.001), and although females presented higher body mass index (BMI), association of BMI with CRS was marginal (p = 0.139). Ventilatory management varied across CRS range, resulting in a significant association between CRS and driving pressure (estimated decrease − 0.31 cmH2O/L per mL/cmH20 of CRS, 95% CI − 0.48 to − 0.14, p &lt; 0.001). Overall, 28-day ICU mortality, accounting for the competing risk of being discharged within the period, was 35.6% (SE 1.7). Cox proportional hazard analysis demonstrated that CRS (+ 10 mL/cm H2O) was only associated with being discharge from the ICU within 28 days (HR 1.14, 95% CI 1.02–1.28, p = 0.018). Conclusions This multicentre report provides a comprehensive account of CRS in COVID-19 patients on MV. CRS measured within 48 h from commencement of MV has marginal predictive value for 28-day mortality, but was associated with being discharged from ICU within the same period. Trial documentation: Available at https://www.covid-critical.com/study. Trial registration: ACTRN12620000421932. </jats:sec

Early short course of neuromuscular blocking agents in patients with COVID-19 ARDS: a propensity score analysis

Abstract Background The role of neuromuscular blocking agents (NMBAs) in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is not fully elucidated. Therefore, we aimed to investigate in COVID-19 patients with moderate-to-severe ARDS the impact of early use of NMBAs on 90-day mortality, through propensity score (PS) matching analysis. Methods We analyzed a convenience sample of patients with COVID-19 and moderate-to-severe ARDS, admitted to 244 intensive care units within the COVID-19 Critical Care Consortium, from February 1, 2020, through October 31, 2021. Patients undergoing at least 2 days and up to 3 consecutive days of NMBAs (NMBA treatment), within 48 h from commencement of IMV were compared with subjects who did not receive NMBAs or only upon commencement of IMV (control). The primary objective in the PS-matched cohort was comparison between groups in 90-day in-hospital mortality, assessed through Cox proportional hazard modeling. Secondary objectives were comparisons in the numbers of ventilator-free days (VFD) between day 1 and day 28 and between day 1 and 90 through competing risk regression. Results Data from 1953 patients were included. After propensity score matching, 210 cases from each group were well matched. In the PS-matched cohort, mean (± SD) age was 60.3 ± 13.2 years and 296 (70.5%) were male and the most common comorbidities were hypertension (56.9%), obesity (41.1%), and diabetes (30.0%). The unadjusted hazard ratio (HR) for death at 90 days in the NMBA treatment vs control group was 1.12 (95% CI 0.79, 1.59, p = 0.534). After adjustment for smoking habit and critical therapeutic covariates, the HR was 1.07 (95% CI 0.72, 1.61, p = 0.729). At 28 days, VFD were 16 (IQR 0–25) and 25 (IQR 7–26) in the NMBA treatment and control groups, respectively (sub-hazard ratio 0.82, 95% CI 0.67, 1.00, p = 0.055). At 90 days, VFD were 77 (IQR 0–87) and 87 (IQR 0–88) (sub-hazard ratio 0.86 (95% CI 0.69, 1.07; p = 0.177). Conclusions In patients with COVID-19 and moderate-to-severe ARDS, short course of NMBA treatment, applied early, did not significantly improve 90-day mortality and VFD. In the absence of definitive data from clinical trials, NMBAs should be indicated cautiously in this setting. </jats:sec

ISARIC-COVID-19 dataset: A Prospective, Standardized, Global Dataset of Patients Hospitalized with COVID-19

The International Severe Acute Respiratory and Emerging Infection Consortium (ISARIC) COVID-19 dataset is one of the largest international databases of prospectively collected clinical data on people hospitalized with COVID-19. This dataset was compiled during the COVID-19 pandemic by a network of hospitals that collect data using the ISARIC-World Health Organization Clinical Characterization Protocol and data tools. The database includes data from more than 705,000 patients, collected in more than 60 countries and 1,500 centres worldwide. Patient data are available from acute hospital admissions with COVID-19 and outpatient follow-ups. The data include signs and symptoms, pre-existing comorbidities, vital signs, chronic and acute treatments, complications, dates of hospitalization and discharge, mortality, viral strains, vaccination status, and other data. Here, we present the dataset characteristics, explain its architecture and how to gain access, and provide tools to facilitate its use