Granulomatory Mastitis: A histological benign lesion with a malignant Radioclinical profile: About 3 Cases

Granulomatous mastitis is characterized by an inflammatory lesion of the breast lobules without caseous necrosis and without microorganisms. It has a probable immunological origin by analogy to thyroiditis or granulomatous orchitis. Frequently the lesion presents itself in a clinical and mammographic form raising suspicion of a malignancy. We report 3 observations of granulomatous mastitis confirmed histologically whose clinical and radiological presentations clearly pointed towards malignancy. This lesion constituted in our three cases an example of radio-clinical and histological discrepancy.</jats:p

Uterine inversions of tumor origin in two cases at the Joliot Curie Institute at the Aristide Le Dantec University Hospital Center

INTRODUCTION: Non-puerperal uterine inversions are a rare situation. Indeed, 85% of uterine inversions are puerperal. We report two cases observed at the Joliot Curie Institute of the Aristide le Dantec University Hospital. OBSERVATIONS: It was about a 39-year-old primigravida and a 47-year-old seventh gestational patient, who had a stage 4 of uterine inversion picture in relation to uterine sarcoma and uterine myoma respectively. The diagnosis was suspected at the clinic due to the absence of palpation of the uterus. Confirmation was made on medical imaging and intraoperatively. Management was radical with a total hysterectomy with bilateral adnexectomy via the vaginal and abdominal routes. However, in the first patient with sarcoma, surgery combined bilateral pelvic lymphadenectomy and was preceded by chemotherapy. CONCLUSION: Non-puerperal uterine inversion is a rare situation. Its treatment is essentially surgical. However, it is important to look for an etiology and in the case of a tumor to ensure that the mass is a cancer or not because the management and prognosis depend on it.</jats:p

Epidemiological and histological profile of central nervous system tumors in Dakar

INTRODUCTION: Tumors of the central nervous system are rare. They are responsible for significant mortality and morbidity. Histological types vary with age. The objective of this study was to determine the epidemiological and histological profile of central nervous system tumors at Dalal Jamm National Hospital. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We conducted a retrospective descriptive study of patients managed in the oncology-radiotherapy department of Dalal Jamm National Hospital Center from November 2018 to October 2021. Age, gender, main presenting signs, tumor of origin for secondary lesions, topography of tumors, and histological types were studied. RESULTS: We collected 82 cases of central nervous system tumors. The median age of the patients was 43 years with extremes of eight and 73 years. Seventy-three-point two percent of the cases found were female. Children represented 8.5% of the study population. The most frequent clinical signs at diagnosis were headache (68.3%), decreased visual acuity (28%) and nausea/vomiting (24.4%). The majority of the cases were secondary tumors of breast (58.6%) and lung (5.2%) origin. Primary tumors were dominated by glioblastoma (39.1%). CONCLUSION: Tumors of the central nervous system are rare in Senegal and generally observed in adults. They are mostly secondary to breast cancer and glioblastoma is the most frequent primary tumor.</jats:p

Peritonitis by Spontaneous rupture of ovarian dermoid cyst: a case report

Background: Ovarian dermoid cyst is a benign congenital tumor. It is often incidentally diagnosed and can be revealed in very rare cases by spontaneous rupture. We report the case of a ruptured ovarian dermal cyst complicated by generalized peritonitis. Case report: This was a 20-year-old female patient, who consulted for abdominal pain associated with fever and vomiting. Physical examination found generalized abdominal contracture. Plain abdominal radiography found pneumoperitoneum. Biology showed leukocytosis at 18000 / mm3. Median laparotomy revealed a collection 2000 cc of pus with a ruptured right ovarian mass. An adnexectomy with lavage of abdominal cavity were performed. Anatomopathological examination concluded to an ovarian dermoid cyst with no sign of malignancy. The postoperative course was uneventful. Conclusion: Rupture of a dermoid cyst of the ovary is a rare acute complication. Examination of the operative specimen is mandatory to eliminate malignancy. Keywords: Ovary; Dermoid cyst; Rupture; Acute complication; Peritonitis; Ovary</jats:p

Localized esophageal cancers: A bi-centric experience and problems of management

INTRODUCTION: Esophageal cancer has a poor prognosis. For a long time, surgery was the standard treatment for localized esophageal cancer. Since the Herskovic trial, radiotherapy combined with platinum-based chemotherapy has become the standard neoadjuvant or exclusive treatment for esophageal cancer. We report the experiences of two public radiotherapy centers in Dakar, focusing on the problems related to the follow-up of treated localized forms of esophageal cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS: All patients treated with radiotherapy in the Radiotherapy Departments of Aristide le Dantec and Dalal Jamm Hospitals from 2018 to 2021 for histologically proven localized esophageal cancer were included. Retrospectively, we called all families to get updates on the follow-up conditions and death of the patients. RESULTS: From 2018 to 2021, 152 patients were treated for localized esophageal cancer. The median age was 48 years (18 – 68) with a majority of men (55.9%). The classical risk factors of alcohol and tobacco were low, 4.6% and 11.2% respectively. The WHO 3 general condition was more common (58.5%). Squamous cell carcinoma was the histological type found with good cellular differentiation (57.2%). Overall, the patients were classified as T3 in 52.6% of cases and 82 (54%) of patients were classified as N1. The extension workup did not find any distant disease. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy was performed in 85 (55.9%) patients, concomitant chemotherapy in 131 (86.2%) patients. All patients had radiotherapy at a median dose of 47 Gy (30 – 50) with a fractionation of two Gy (1.8 to two). After a median follow-up of 21.23 months, a complete clinical response was noted in 91 (59.8%) patients and 13 patients had a complete histological response following biopsy and pathological examination requested by their referring physicians. Seven patients died during the treatment due to an alteration of the general state. After treatment, 62 (40.7%) patients died. Alteration of general condition following gastrostomy was the main cause of death (66.1%) reported by the families. Twenty-seven (17.7%) patients were considered lost to follow-up after several telephone calls. CONCLUSION: The prognosis of esophageal cancer in Senegal is appalling. This work shows that more organization is needed in the patient circuit and especially in the follow-up.</jats:p