A Low-wavelength host absorption edge of LiB-=SUB=-3-=/SUB=-O-=SUB=-5-=/SUB=- and Li-=SUB=-2-=/SUB=-B-=SUB=-4-=/SUB=-O-=SUB=-7-=/SUB=- crystals

We have carried out an experimental study of the VUF- edge of the optical host absorption of lithium borate crystals LiB3O5 (LBO) and Li2B4O7 (LTB). The transmission (T=293 K) and absorption (T=80, 293 K) spectra were studied, the short-wavelength edge of the transparency band (cutoff wavelength) and the energy position of the edge fundamental absorption at which the absorption coefficient k=50 cm-1 were determined. The absorption edge temperature shift coefficient -(3-4.7)·10-4 eV/K was determined. The dependence of the absorption edge parameters of oriented LBO normal Y and LBO normal X crystals has been studied. Based on low-temperature reflection spectra (T=10 K, theta=17o, E=4-32 eV) the Kramers-Kronig method was used to calculate the spectra of optical constants: refractive index (n) and absorption index (k), real (ε1) and imaginary (ε2) parts of the complex permittivity, as well as the absorption coefficient μ. The lowest energy peak, due to electronic transitions from the top of the valence band to the states of the bottom of the conduction band, was studied in the ε_2(E) spectrum, the thresholds for interband transitions were determined (Eg at T=10 K): 8.5-8.6 eV(LBO normal Y), 8.6-8.7 eV (LBO normal X) and 8.8-8.9 eV (LTB). The origin of the fundamental absorption edge of lithium borates is discussed. Keywords: Lithium triborate LiB3O5, lithium tetraborate Li2B4O7, host absorption edge, optical properties. </jats:p

A Low-Wavelength Host Absorption Edge of Cesium-Lithium Borate CsLiB-=SUB=-6-=/SUB=-O-=SUB=-10-=/SUB=-

We have carried out an experimental study of the VUV edge of the optical host absorption of cesium-lithium borate crystals CsLiB6O10 (CLBO). The transmission (T=293 K) and absorption (T = 80, 293 K) spectra were studied, the short-wavelength edge of the transparency band (cutoff wavelength) and the energy position of the edge fundamental absorption at which the absorption coefficient k=50 cm-1 were determined. The absorption edge temperature shift coefficient -5.5·10-4 eV/K was determined. Based on low-temperature reflection spectra (T=10 K, theta=17o, E=7-30 eV) the Kramers-Kronig method was used to calculate the spectra of optical constants: refractive index (n) and absorption index (k), real (ε1) and imaginary (ε2) parts of the complex permittivity , as well as the absorption coefficient μ. The lowest energy peak, due to electronic transitions from the top of the valence band to the states of the bottom of the conduction band, was studied in the ε2(E) spectrum, the thresholds for interband transitions were determined Eg=7.95 eV. The origin of the fundamental absorption edge of cesium-lithium borate is discussed. Keywords:: Cesium-lithium borate CsLiB6O10 (CLBO), host absorption edge, optical properties. </jats:p

Recognition of zero bits of 3-sat problem by applying linear algebra’s methods

The paper presents two heuristic methods of recognizing zero bits satisfiability problem. The first is based on the reduction of the satisfiability problem to an equivalent problem of minimizing a continuous smooth function by method of successive approximations, extended by changing the order of calculation of variables. Another way is to reduce to a system of linear algebraic equations with symmetric diagonally dominant matrix.</jats:p

INNOVATIONS AND INVESTMENTS IN THE PROCESSES OF DIGITALIZATION OF AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION IN THE REGION

In connection with the wide multifaceted introduction of information technologies in various spheres of life and activity of the world's population, scientists are talking about the development of society in the digital economy. Processing of large amounts of information, neurotechnologies, 3D printing and other innovations are an integral part of today's life, allowing us to significantly improve the efficiency of production management, the technologies used, equipment, sales, delivery of goods, etc. In the Russian Federation, the concept of "Digital economy" is enshrined in the Strategy for the Development of the Information Community for 2017-2030, approved by Presidential Decree No. 203 of 09.05.2017. In turn, innovations, which imply constant technological improvement of the processes of production, sales, management, etc., are the basis of the innovative economy. The innovative economy is considered as a type of economy, and the digital economy as a kind of economic activity. The question arises of the interaction of these categories and the analysis of their impact on the processes of managing the development of the region's economy in the conditions of processing large flows of information, which is given in the author's interpretation in this article. The elements of the introduction of innovative technologies in the production of agricultural products of the Orenburg region, as one of the leading agricultural regions of the country, are presented. It is noted that a technological breakthrough is needed, an integral part of which is the introduction of digitalization of processes in agricultural production. The emphasis is placed on the need to use reliable information for processing when making managerial decisions. This can be helped by creating a single information and consulting digital platform that also allows you to automatically make the necessary calculations to assess the use of your own and attracted funds, including taking into account state support. The result of determining the effectiveness of investing in the acquisition of a specific innovative technology is presented.</jats:p

Ufa mantle ridge fault – main tectonic, geological and minerogenic consequences

Relevance of the work. The data on the structure and properties of the subsoil, obtained on the basis of geophysical studies, make it possible to significantly revise the ideas about the structure and patterns of formation of mineral deposits within the Ufimsky ridge fault and its zone of influence (55º–56º north latitude in the Urals). Purpose of the work: constructing a model of the formation of the Ufa mantle ridge fault and identifying its mineragenic features using the example of deposits of ferruginous quartzite, kyanites and rare earth mineralization. The methodology of the research. The published databases and their summarizing materials on deep seismic sounding of the Urals with the allocation of a mineragenic load characteristic of the Ufa mantle ridge fault and its influence zone were used as a factual basis for the research. Research results. The Ufa ridge fault is a structure formed by the uplift of the upper mantle, presumably at the intersection of intramantle shear faults. The transverse asymmetry of the mantle ridge fault and the later rift-collisional processes are reflected in the overlying complexes and lead to a distortion of the lines of the outcropping of deep faults at the level of the modern erosional section. Horst formation was complicated by rifting-collisional tectonic events with accompanying magmatic, metamorphic, metasomatic, and dislocation processes, accompanied by various types of numerous manifestations and mineral deposits exposed by erosional processes. Schemes of the location of deposits and manifestations of ferruginous quartzites, kyanites and rare earth mineralization in its more eroded part are given as examples confirming the confinement of various types of minerals to the structure of the Ufa mantle ridge fault. Conclusions. The cropping of deposits and occurrences of ferruginous quartzites, kyanite, rare earth mineralization and other minerals is closely related to the development of the Ufa mantle ridge fault.</jats:p

LABOR PRODUCTIVITY AS THE MAIN CRITERION FOR ASSESSING INVESTMENT ATTRACTIVENESS OF AN AGRICULTURAL AREA

Due to the fact that this area has been little studied, at the moment there is no single methodology that would include those economic indicators that allow for a specific interpretation of the results obtained during the analysis. The article describes a more accessible methodology for evaluating the attractiveness of an agricultural area for investment based on labor productivity in the field of material production. In the studies written by the authors of this article, the main economic indicators for assessing the attractiveness to investment of agricultural regions of the region (Orenburg region) are presented and considered in detail. The main factors influencing the labor productivity of the labor collective are highlighted. On the basis of factor analysis, the tasks of combining a large number of indicators, signs that determine labor productivity in the agricultural production of the region, into a smaller number of factors artificially built on their basis, ensuring the resulting system of factors, are solved. This technique is more convenient from the point of view of meaningful interpretation. The original methodology clearly defines a specific agricultural area, which at the moment (or in the near future) is the most favorable for investors. To assess the investment attractiveness of individual economic systems, a theoretical and methodological toolkit has been created that allows investors to assess the share of the risk of non-return of financial resources.</jats:p