軟弱粘土深開挖及鄰房反應之研究---子計畫III：軟弱粘土深開挖之影響範圍研究(I);The Study of Influence Zone of Deep Excavation in Soft Clay (I)

[[note]]計畫編號:NSC91-2211-E146-001;研究期間:9108~9207 ;研究經費:600 千

公部門物業委託專業物業管理公司管理的政策可行性研究;A Feasibility Study on the Policy of Public Property Management Outsourcing to the Property Management Professionals

[[abstract]]政府將部分業務委託民間辦理已成為政府再造發展策略的重要工具，也已成為政府與民間尋求經濟發展與行政改革的共同理念，其思考之核心動力在於：(1)調整政府職能與角色，活化公務人力資源；(2)改善政府財政負擔，建立人民對政府的信心；(3)擴大民間資源參與，提昇公共服務效率與品質。 本計畫研究目的為：(1)評估「研議公部門物業委託專業物業管理公司管理的政策」之必要性；(2)定義公部門物業、研究相關之委託方式；同時(3)蒐集各國資料作為未來政策研擬之參考。 本計畫研究內容包括：(1)彙整我國公部門物業管理方式及實際辦理情形；(2)蒐集各國公部門物業管理政策、法規及執行成果；(3)分析我國公部門物業管理釋出的優缺點；(4)研究公部門物業管理業務釋出對物業管理服務業之影響。 本計畫所採用之研究方法包括：文獻探討、實地訪談、座談討論與問卷調查等四種，除進行理論探討外，亦經由資訊之蒐集、彙整與分析，提出實務上可行且具實用價值之結論與建議。 本計畫之預期成果為：(1)界定公部門物業可進行委託管理之範圍及應有之原則；(2)藉由公部門物業管理相關業務之適當釋出，作為帶動我國物業管理服務業提昇品質之誘因，促進物業管理服務業之發展；(3)研究結果可作為經濟建設委員會策略研提之建議；(4)引用國外經驗，提供國內公部門物業管理未來發展建議；(5)瞭解公部門物業委外對物業管理服務業之影響；(6)研提如何運用公部門物業委外來促進經濟發展及增加就業機會。 ;Outsourcing partial works of civil service released from the government to professional firms in the private business sector has become not only an important instrument for the development strategy for the government reforming but also a concept, shared by both the official and private sectors, for pursuing economic development and administrative reinvention. It stems fundamentally from considerations of (1) adjusting the functional capacity and role of the government so as to revitalize civil service manpower; (2) alleviating financial burden of the government to reinstate people？？s confidence in it; and (3) expanding participation of resources from the private sector to raise the efficiency and quality of the civil service. The objective of this study includes (1) evaluating the necessity of proposing a policy of public property management outsourcing to property management professionals; (2) defining the scope of public property and investigating related outsourcing methods; and (3) gathering valuable information from abroad as references for the future policy making. The contents of this study are composed of (1) integrating the methods and practices of the public property management; (2) gathering policies, regulations, and executed results of the public property management from experienced countries; (3) analyzing advantages and disadvantages to outsourcing management of Taiwan public property; (4) investigating the effects of outsourcing management of the public property on the property management industry. By literature review, fieldworks, conferences, and questionnaire as a whole, examinations in the theoretical aspect are made in this study and pragmatic conclusions and suggestions are proposed via information gathering, assorting, and analyzing. The expected results of this study are: (1) defining the scope of public property suitable for outsourcing with the requisite criteria; (2) being able to promote service quality of the domestic property management industry by properly outsourcing management of the public property to it as an incentive so as to facilitate its developments; (3) serving as advices for strategy-proposing led by the Council for Economic Planning and Development; (4) providing suggestions, with reference to experiences from abroad, for the future development of the public property management; (5) delineating the effects of outsourcing management of the public property on the property management industry; (6) presenting suggestions with regard to making use of outsourcing management of the public property as a means of promoting economic developments and enhancing the employment rate.[[note]]計畫編號:95051203;研究期間:9505~9601;研究經費:850 千

呼吸道負壓隔離病房用後評估暨住院成本效益評估研究;Post-Occupancy Evaluation and Cost-Benefit Analysis of Negative Presussure Isolation Rooms

[[abstract]]本研究主要目的在於了解醫療照護提供者對負壓隔離區之用後觀感及各樣本醫院在負壓隔離病房設置及營運之成本效益上是否具顯著差異，並探討相關之影響因素。本研究透過4場次的焦點團體座談、9場次的實地訪查，及問卷調查方式進行。使用者用後觀感調查有效樣本為286份，有效樣本回收率為71.5%，成本效益分析調查有效樣本為19份，有效樣本回收率為19.19%。本研究之主要結果如下：一、使用者用後觀感 (一)經濟面 1．評鑑別、權屬別、地區別、人員類別及是否為感染症專責醫院等變項，均會造成差異。 2．無公務預算補助之私立醫院，相較於公立醫院，較有營運壓力，對於經濟構面之評價也較為正向。 3．醫學中心(2樣本醫院均為私立)，相較於區域醫院有更正向之評價。 4．相較於台北區，中區、東區及高屏區之使用者較不認同開放負壓隔離病房供其它用途使用。 5．多數使用者認為負壓隔離病房為現代化醫院所必需設置，但僅有約半數認為醫院有能力長期提供充足的資源以維持營運。 (二)功能面 1．在評鑑別、權屬別、地區別、人員類別、性別、教育程度及是否為感染症專責醫院等變項上均有顯著差異。 2．使用時間長短或經驗對功能面之評價並無顯著差異。 3．護理人員相較於非醫事人員有較為正向之認同。 4．東區(回收的2家醫院均為感染症防治專責醫院)的使用者較台北區的使用者，在功能面上有較正向之評價。 (三)技術面 1．在權屬別、地區別、教育程度及人員類別等變項，均會造成對技術面的用後評價(觀感)之差異。 2．不論醫院規模大小，使用者對於所屬醫院的各項控制污染源擴散的措施，都有一致性的認同程度。 3．感染症防治網專責醫院的使用者對技術面有較正向之評價。 4．私立醫院較公立醫院在技術面有較正向之評價。 5．使用者對於各醫院在負壓隔離病房所設置的各項控制污染源擴散之措施之評價均高。 (四)行為面 1．年齡、教育程度及人員類別等變項，均會造成功能面的用後觀感(評價)之差異。 2．長使間使用負壓隔離病房之護理人員在壓迫感、舒適度、安全感及需求的行為構面調查結果上並無較正向之評價。二、成本效益比值 在成本效益比值上，評鑑層級、權屬別、地區別、是否為感染症防治醫療網醫院等變項均未達統計上之顯蓍差異。根據研究結果，本研究建議如下：一、衛生主管機關對補助款之對象的選擇，除以防疫動員徵用為主要考量外，建議有較高使用率之單位為優先補助，以免資源閒置。並能主動寄送最新之設計指引及執行成效卓著醫院的感染控制作為給院所參考；且應定期督導考核，以確保各項設備與建築單元，仍有原規劃之功能。二、對醫院管理者而言，建議應針對護理人員對工作環境的需求再做探討，以符合對工作環境的需求，提高其工作意願與績效。並對各項作業流程予標準化、定期對辦理教育訓練及演練、維護監控系統之準確性，並以測量設備及煙實際測量。平時亦應遵守感染控制作業流程，以避免疏失發生。三、對後續研究者而言，建議可採全國普查或隨機抽樣方式進行，以提高代表性，並可進一步以檢驗設備實際至醫院測量負壓成效。;The purposes of this study were to carry out post-occupancy evaluation and cost-benefit analysis of the negative pressure isolation rooms in Taiwanese hospitals. The researchers perform 4 focus group discussions, 9 field studies, and questionnaire survey. A total of 286 questionnaires for post-occupancy evaluation were collected. The response rate was 71.5%. A total of 19 questionnaires for cost-benefit analysis were collected. The response rate was 19.19%. The post-occupancy evaluation was carried out from 4 different perspectives, economic, functional, technical, and behavioral aspects. The major findings were: 1. From the economic perspective, staffs in non-government hospital tend to have better imagine on the performance of negative pressure isolation rooms. 2. From the functional perspective, staffs who have senior experience in using the negative pressure isolation rooms tend to have better evaluation on the function of the negative pressure isolation rooms. 3. From the technical perspective, staffs belong to the infectious disease control network hospitals and the non-gonvernment hospital tend to have better imagines on the technical performance of the negative pressure isolation rooms. 4. From the behavioral perspective, age and educational level of staffs had significant association with the satisfaction of working environment in the negative pressure isolation rooms. 5. Results of the cost-benefit analysis showed that there was no difference of the cost-benefit ratio in terms of hospital accreditation level, hospital location and member of the infectious disease control hospital network. Based on the findings, there are three suggestions: 1. The Taiwan CDC should subsidize those hospitals have better efficiency in operating negative pressure isolation rooms. 2. Hospital administrators should further understand real need of staff and to improve working environment of negative pressure isolation rooms. 3. Future researchers may practically examine air pressure of the negative pressure isolation rooms and to confirm their normal function.[[note]]計畫編號:DOH94-DC-1025;研究期間:9401~9412 ;研究經費:800 千

鋰電池串聯平衡技術應用於電動機車之研製;Technology Developement of the Cell Balance on Electric Motorcycle with Series Connected Lithium-Ion Batteries

[[note]]計畫編號:NSC96-2622-E146-002-CC3;研究期間:9611~9710;研究經費:228 千

深開挖工程最佳化分析軟體之開發及鄰房災害防制之應用(II);Development of the Optimization Software for Excavation Engineering and Its Application to Mitigation of Adjacent Building Hazards (II)

[[abstract]]台灣都會區地狹人稠，大樓基礎深開挖工程之興建，無可避免地會影響四周之鄰房和公共財產的安全，一般而言，施工單位會佈設相當數量之監測儀器，包括傾斜觀測管、地表沈陷釘、建物傾斜計、鋼筋計、荷重計等等，藉由監測之數據來評估開挖是否處於安全的狀態， 以防止工程災害的發生。基本上，這種防災方式屬於被動式防災，一旦監測結果顯示鄰房可能會發生損害，施工單位必須暫時停工進行相關之改善措施，以確保鄰房的安全。根據主動防災之觀念，若能在目前的開挖狀況即可預測出未來某一階開挖引致之變形量過大，極可能導致鄰房損害，便可提早進行相關改善措施之研擬與處理，如此一來便不會遭遇鄰房損害賠償以及停工所造成的損失。因此本研究計劃開發一套深開挖工程最佳化分析軟體，軟體的主要優點是結合數值最佳化的程式和具有土壤小應變模式之有限元素法程式，使其具有即時執行最佳化數值分析，預測未來開挖引致變形的能力。;With the limited land and the large population in metropolitan areas of Taiwan, it becomes more and more difficult to avoid damage of adjacent buildings and public properties in constructions of deep excavation engineering. Generally, construction organizations will set up many observation instruments, such as inclinometer casings, surface settlement points, tiltmeters, rebar stress meters, load cells and so on. The observed results are used to estimate if the excavation activity is safe in preventing engineering hazards. Basically, the above-mentioned method of preventing hazards belongs to the passive prevention of hazards. Once observed results show that adjacent buildings may be damaged, construction organizations must immediately terminate the construction activities to scheme out related measures to ensure the buildings against accidents. According to the concept of active prevention of hazards, the related measures of prevention of hazards can be schemed out in the early stages if excessive deformations induced by excavation in the later stages can be predicted by the excavation conditions at present. In such a manner, construction organizations would not encounter the indemnity due to building damages and the loss of the shutdown of the construction. As a result, this study specialties to develop a set of optimization software on analyzing deep excavation engineering. The main advantage of this software is to combine the numerical optimization program with the finite element program which possesses the small-strain soil model. The software is capable of predicting the deformations induced by excavation and of performing the numerical optimization analysis.[[note]]計畫編號:NSC94-2211-E146-001;研究期間:9408~9507 ;研究經費:411 千